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Gene Review

BPP  -  Polymicrogyria, bilateral perisylvian

Homo sapiens

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Disease relevance of BPP

  • Rat osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8) expressing osteoblast-like features, exhibited enhanced attachment in response to 44K BPP, while non-osteoblast-like cells (ROS 25/1) obtained from the same osteosarcoma did not [1].
  • Thus, angiotensin antagonists such as Sar 1, IIe 8-angiotensin II and converting enzyme inhibitors such as BPP 9a (SQ 20881) have proved useful in the study of experimental and human hypertension [2].
  • Distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of the sphinx moth Manduca sexta and colocalization with SCPB-, BPP-, and GABA-like immunoreactivity [3].
  • BPP displayed the highest frequency of associated congenital defects (23.4%, vs HPP:6.6%, FPP: 15.4%) [4].
  • Histology is similar to that seen in BP, but dermal fibrosis and sclerosis result in skin affected by BMMP-CP and BPP [5].
 

Psychiatry related information on BPP

  • BPP now appears as a theory of instinctual conflict developing out of primary narcissism [6].
 

High impact information on BPP

  • Parallel investigations of human rectal and sigmoid mucosa showed numerous cells reacting with glucagon, glicentin, and BPP antisera, most of which lacked HPP immunoreactivity [7].
  • In unfixed bone demineralized with any of these acids, there was a substantial loss of phosphoamino acids and the 66 kD BPP from the bone matrix [8].
  • In uncoated plates, enhanced cell attachment and spreading were observed when fibroblasts were exposed to the 44K BPP [9].
  • A 44 kDa bone phosphoprotein (44K BPP), isolated from rat bone and synthesized by osteoblasts, was evaluated for its role in attachment and spreading of fibroblasts [9].
  • The attachment properties of the bone phosphoprotein are different from those of fibronectin, in that the 44K BPP did not promote cell attachment in type I collagen wells, as was seen with fibronectin [9].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of BPP

 

Biological context of BPP

  • The promoter of the BPP gene has some characteristics of those of housekeeping genes and contains a number of possible methylation sites [11].
  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of BPP synthesis at the gene level, we isolated 36 genomic DNA clones covering all the exons of the human BPP gene [11].
  • The BPP gene encodes three types of mRNA generated by alternative splicing, two of which contain the sequence encoding Kunitz-type serine-protease inhibitor (serpin) [11].
  • 5th HUPO BPP Bioinformatics Meeting at the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hinxton, UK--Setting the analysis frame [12].
  • The BPP (protein biochemistry and proteomics) two-dimensional electrophoresis database [13].
 

Anatomical context of BPP

 

Associations of BPP with chemical compounds

  • The lower dose of BPP (0.5 micrograms; 119 pmoles) decreased plasma LH versus pre-injection levels and control animals, however, these effects diminished at later times [14].
  • Cycloheximide did not alter 44K BPP promotion of cell attachment, indicating that de novo protein synthesis was not required [9].
  • (7) None of the agents tested altered hyperpolarizing, K+-dependent responses to dopamine and glutamate on the neurosecretory cell, nor did they affect either the induction or enhancement of BPP activity by the vertebrate peptide vasopressin on this cell [15].
  • In contrast, 44K BPP, as well as guanidine EDTA extracts of bone and cementum, preferentially promoted attachment of GF when compared with attachment of PDL cells [16].
  • Localized cutaneous nonscarring BP is more amenable to topical steroid therapy, whereas BMMP-CP and BPP are more persistent and resistant to systemic immunosuppressive therapy [5].
 

Regulatory relationships of BPP

  • The lower dose of BPP (0.5 microgram) initially inhibited GH release, however, this effect was rapidly reversed and GH levels were significantly greater than those in controls at 60 and 120 min [14].
 

Other interactions of BPP

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of BPP

  • A sequence alignment indicated an approximate 35% overall similarity in protein sequence between the avian approximately 66-kDa BPP and the mammalian protein osteopontin, while at the nucleotide level 60% similarity was observed [20].
  • Of these patients, 2,301 (88.1%) received operations; 196 explorative laparotomy (EL), 130 by-pass procedure (BPP), and 1 975 surgical resection of the tumors (891 palliative resection and 1 084 curative resection) [21].
  • However, the results of our study showed that, compared with preventing BPP alone, the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination increased substantially even when only a small proportion of additional cases of NBPP were prevented [22].
  • The BPP was performed by the same sonographer at three intervals: prior to pessary insertion, at 6 hours, and 12 hours [23].
  • SCMC, but not BPP, was significantly better than the placebo in speeding up resolution of the effusion after surgery, as judged by pure tone audiometry, showing this drug to be a useful adjunct to the surgical management of OME [10].

References

  1. Cell attachment activity of the 44 kilodalton bone phosphoprotein is not restricted to bone cells. Somerman, M.J., Prince, C.W., Butler, W.T., Foster, R.A., Moehring, J.M., Sauk, J.J. Matrix (1989) [Pubmed]
  2. The biochemistry of the renin-angiotensin system and its role in hypertension. Skeggs, L.T., Dorer, F.E., Kahn, J.R., Lentz, K.E., Levine, M. Am. J. Med. (1976) [Pubmed]
  3. Distribution of FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of the sphinx moth Manduca sexta and colocalization with SCPB-, BPP-, and GABA-like immunoreactivity. Homberg, U., Kingan, T.G., Hildebrand, J.G. Cell Tissue Res. (1990) [Pubmed]
  4. Hand and foot postaxial polydactyly: two different traits. Castilla, E.E., da Graca Dutra, M., Lugarinho da Fonseca, R., Paz, J.E. Am. J. Med. Genet. (1997) [Pubmed]
  5. Cutaneous involvement in localized forms of bullous pemphigoid. Kaplan, R.P. Clin. Dermatol. (1987) [Pubmed]
  6. Instinct and primary narcissism in Freud's later theory: an interpretation and reformulation of 'Beyond the Pleasure Principle'. Greenberg, D.E. The International journal of psycho-analysis. (1990) [Pubmed]
  7. Glucagon-, glicentin-, and pancreatic polypeptide-like immunoreativities in rectal carcinoids and related colorectal cells. Fiocca, R., Capella, C., Buffa, R., Fontana, R., Solcia, E., Hage, E., Chance, R.E., Moody, A.J. Am. J. Pathol. (1980) [Pubmed]
  8. Effects of fixation and demineralization on the retention of bone phosphoprotein and other matrix components as evaluated by biochemical analyses and quantitative immunocytochemistry. McKee, M.D., Nanci, A., Landis, W.J., Gotoh, Y., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Glimcher, M.J. J. Bone Miner. Res. (1991) [Pubmed]
  9. Mechanism of fibroblast attachment to bone extracellular matrix: role of a 44 kilodalton bone phosphoprotein. Somerman, M.J., Prince, C.W., Sauk, J.J., Foster, R.A., Butler, W.T. J. Bone Miner. Res. (1987) [Pubmed]
  10. S-carboxymethylcysteine in otitis media with effusion. (A double-blind study). Khan, J.A., Marcus, P., Cummings, S.W. The Journal of laryngology and otology. (1981) [Pubmed]
  11. Genomic organization of the human amyloid beta-protein precursor gene. Yoshikai, S., Sasaki, H., Doh-ura, K., Furuya, H., Sakaki, Y. Gene (1990) [Pubmed]
  12. 5th HUPO BPP Bioinformatics Meeting at the European Bioinformatics Institute in Hinxton, UK--Setting the analysis frame. Stephan, C., Hamacher, M., Blüggel, M., Körting, G., Chamrad, D., Scheer, C., Marcus, K., Reidegeld, K.A., Lohaus, C., Schäfer, H., Martens, L., Jones, P., Müller, M., Auyeung, K., Taylor, C., Binz, P.A., Thiele, H., Parkinson, D., Meyer, H.E., Apweiler, R. Proteomics (2005) [Pubmed]
  13. The BPP (protein biochemistry and proteomics) two-dimensional electrophoresis database. Poirier, F., Imam, N., Pontet, M., Joubert-Caron, R., Caron, M. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl. (2001) [Pubmed]
  14. Pancreatic polypeptides affect luteinizing and growth hormone secretion in rats. McDonald, J.K., Lumpkin, M.D., Samson, W.K., McCann, S.M. Peptides (1985) [Pubmed]
  15. CNS depressants: effects on post-synaptic pharmacology. Barker, J.L. Brain Res. (1975) [Pubmed]
  16. Periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts respond differently to attachment factors in vitro. Somerman, M.J., Foster, R.A., Imm, G.M., Sauk, J.J., Archer, S.Y. J. Periodontol. (1989) [Pubmed]
  17. Expression of Alzheimer amyloid beta-protein precursor gene in neuronal cells. Yamada, T., Araki, E., Izumi, R., Goto, I., Sasaki, H., Sakaki, Y. Gerontology. (1991) [Pubmed]
  18. Effect of bovine pancreatic polypeptide on gastric acid and pepsin output in man. Greenberg, G.R., McCloy, R.F., Adrian, T.E., Baron, J.H., Bloom, S.R. Acta hepato-gastroenterologica. (1978) [Pubmed]
  19. Immunohistochemical identification and localization of pancreatic polypeptide cells in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract of the human fetus and adult man. Paulin, C., Dubois, P.M. Cell Tissue Res. (1978) [Pubmed]
  20. Characterization of a cDNA for chicken osteopontin: expression during bone development, osteoblast differentiation, and tissue distribution. Moore, M.A., Gotoh, Y., Rafidi, K., Gerstenfeld, L.C. Biochemistry (1991) [Pubmed]
  21. Surgical treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer in 2,613 patients. Zhang, X.F., Huang, C.M., Lu, H.S., Wu, X.Y., Wang, C., Guang, G.X., Zhang, J.Z., Zheng, C.H. World J. Gastroenterol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  22. Pneumococcal vaccination and pneumonia: even a low level of clinical effectiveness is highly cost-effective. Ament, A., Fedson, D.S., Christie, P. Clin. Infect. Dis. (2001) [Pubmed]
  23. Serial changes in the biophysical profile in patients undergoing cervical ripening with a controlled release PGE2 vaginal pessary. Amon, E., Fossick, K., Sibai, B. The Journal of maternal-fetal medicine. (1999) [Pubmed]
 
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