Disease relevance of LARS

• Herein, human cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase was heterologously expressed in a baculovirus system and purified to homogeneity [1].
• Human mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase with high activity produced from Escherichia coli [2].
• In angiographically controlled trials such as LARS and L-CAPS, a reduction of progression of coronary lesions was observed; in favorable cases, regression of the stenoses could be documented [3].
• In this review, Jes Olesen, Lars Thomsen and Helle Iversen suggest that migraine may be caused by increased amounts and/or affinity of an enzyme in the NO-triggered cascade of reactions [4].
• The results presented here confirm the 1960 findings of Svennilson, et al., that parkinsonian tremor, rigidity, and hypokinesia can be effectively abolished by posteroventral pallidotomy, an approach developed in 1956 and 1957 by Lars Leksell [5].

Psychiatry related information on LARS

• Analyses of mitochondria-related genes using DNA microarray showed significantly increased LARS2 (mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase) in the postmortem prefrontal cortices of patients with bipolar disorder provided by the Stanley Foundation Brain Collection [6].
• The test battery consisted of critical flicker fusion (CFF), choice reaction time (CRT), compensatory tracking task (CTT) and a subjective assessment of sedation (LARS) [7].
• A psychometric battery consisting of critical flicker fusion (CFF), choice reaction time (CRT) and subjective sedation (LARS) tests, was administered pre-dose and at frequent time points post-dose [8].
• The psychometric battery included critical flicker fusion (CFF), choice reaction time (CRT), compensatory tracking (CTT) and tests of short-term memory (STM), subjective sedation (LARS) and subjective sleep (LSEQ) [9].
• One hour following treatment, subjects completed a battery of psychological tests including critical flicker fusion (CFF), choice reaction time (CRT), subjective ratings of drug effects (LARS) and a Sternberg memory scanning test [10].

High impact information on LARS

• A physically altered leucyl-tRNA synthetase complex in a CHO cell mutant [11].
• Serum and IgG from four patients also inhibited leucyl-tRNA synthetase activity, and serum and IgG from two inhibited lysyl-tRNA synthetase [12].
• Here Jan Huizinga, Lars Thuneberg, Jean-Marie Vanderwinden and Jüri Rumessen, suggest that, as ICCs are unique to the gut, they might be ideal targets for pharmacological intervention in gastrointestinal motility disorders, which are very common and costly [13].
• This hybrid cell line, 158CnpT-1, was temperature resistant, whereas the parental Chinese hamster ovary mutant, ts025C1, contained a temperature-sensitive leucyl-tRNA synthetase mutation [14].
• Using this procedure, we have constructed Chinese hamster cell lines that express the human genes encoding either asparaginyl- or leucyl-tRNA synthetase, yet less than 0.1% of their DNA is derived from the human genome, as quantitated by a sensitive dot-blot nucleic acid hybridization procedure [15].

Biological context of LARS

• In this study, we have examined whether variants in the leucyl tRNA synthetase gene (LARS2), involved in aminoacylation of tRNA(Leu(UUR)), associate with type 2 diabetes [16].
• Assignment of a human genetic locus to chromosome 5 which corrects the heat sensitive lesion associated with reduced leucyl-tRNA synthetase activity in ts025Cl Chinese hamster cells [17].
• Enhanced in vivo IgE production and T cell polarization toward the type 2 phenotype in association with indoor exposure to VOC: results of the LARS study [18].
• Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) performs dual essential roles in group I intron RNA splicing as well as protein synthesis within the yeast mitochondria [19].
• Chinese hamster-human interspecific hybrid cells, which contain human chromosome 5 and express four genes linked on that chromosome, were subjected to selective conditions requiring them to retain one of the four linked genes, leuS (encoding leucyl-tRNA synthetase), but lose another, either emtB (encoding ribosomal protein S14) or chr [20].

Anatomical context of LARS

• Human cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase expressed in human 293 T cells localizes predominantly to the cytosol [1].
• In the present work, the gene encoding human mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase with the same N-terminus as that processed in the mitochondria of insect cell was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli [2].
• A heat-sensitive (hs) leucyl-tRNA synthetase (leuRS) deficient CHO mutant, ts025Cl, was fused with human leukocytes and hybrids isolated in HAT medium at the nonpermissive temperature [17].
• LARS LEKSELL BEGAN radiobiological investigations to study the effect of high-dose focused radiation on the central nervous system more than 5 decades ago [21].
• Exposure to molds diminishes the numbers of T-helper type 1 (Th1) cells in the peripheral blood of children and is a risk factor for the development of allergic diseases (results of LARS: Leipzig Allergy Risk Children Study, Mueller et al. 2002) [22].

Associations of LARS with chemical compounds

• Subjective reports of sedation (LARS) were significantly greater at 2 h and 4 h following triprolidine administration on day 1 and ebastine (30 mg) was rated as sedative 4 h following administration on day 5 [23].
• A reexamination of the leucine tRNAs and the leucyl-tRNA synthetase in developing Tenebrio molitor [24].
• Removal of the terminal methyl group of the threonine side chain by replacement with serine yielded a mutant LeuRS that hydrolyzes Leu-tRNA(Leu) [25].
• Nine spontaneous and seven ethyl methanesulfonate induced revertants of the Chinese hamster ovary cell line mutant (tsHl), which possesses a temperature sensitive leucyl-tRNA synthetase, were isolated and characterized with respect to growth rate, leucyl-tRNA synthetase activity and thermolability, intracellular leucine pool size, and rRNA content [26].
• Gillingham, Jean Talairach, Guillaume Guiot, Edvard Kandel, Hirotaro Narabayashi, Irving Cooper, Henry Wycis, and Lars Leksell, are described in detail [27].

Regulatory relationships of LARS

• INTRODUCTION: The Leipzig Allergy High-Risk Children Study (LARS) is a prospective nested cohort control study about the influence of chemical indoor exposure in dwellings on the health outcome of atopy-risk children during the first years of life [28].

Other interactions of LARS

• Using the sequence of two overlapping PACs from C3CER1, we localized the human KIAA0028 cDNA, encoding the precursor of mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase [29].
• The C-terminal appended domain of human cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase is indispensable in its interaction with arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the multi-tRNA synthetase complex [1].
• Effects of indoor painting and smoking on airway symptoms in atopy risk children in the first year of life results of the LARS-study. Leipzig Allergy High-Risk Children Study [28].
• Threonyl-tRNA synthetase gene maps close to leucyl-tRNA synthetase gene on human chromosome 5 [30].
• Interspecific cell hybrids between human leukocytes and temperature-sensitive Chinese hamster cell mutants with either a thermolabile leucyl-tRNA synthetase or a thermolabile asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase were used as the starting material in these experiments [15].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LARS

• Sequence analysis shows that this protein contains the characteristic motifs of class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and regions of high homology to other mitochondrial and bacterial LeuRS proteins [31].
• We used an ipsilateral bone-patellar-tendon-bone autograft in 27 patients and the Ligament Advancement Reinforcement System (LARS) artificial ligament in 26 [32].
• LARS treatment for mandibular growth followed by open coiled springs for space gaining [33].
• Three clinical trials are now being conducted to explore potential applications, including the LARS trial of excimer laser versus balloon angioplasty to treat in-stent restenosis, the PELA trial of excimer laser angioplasty in occluded superficial femoral artery disease, and the LACI trial of excimer laser angioplasty in limb-threatening ischaemia [34].
• More than 100,000 patients throughout the world have undergone radiosurgery since Lars Leksell first described the technique in 1951 [35].

References