Disease relevance of Phyllanthus

• Ethanol-induced inhibition on rate of respiration, P/O ratio, and RCR was relieved to a great extent by the administration of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus fraternus (100 mg dry powder of the plant per kg body weight) along with ethanol [1].
• Niruriside, a new HIV REV/RRE binding inhibitor from Phyllanthus niruri [2].
• Aqueous and methanol extracts of Phyllanthus amarus produced an inhibition of rat paw edema up to 42% compared to control in 3h and continued up to 8h [3].
• The role of antioxidant activity of Phyllanthus emblica fruits on prevention from indomethacin induced gastric ulcer [4].
• Hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn on alloxan induced diabetes mellitus in rats and its relation with antioxidant potential [5].

High impact information on Phyllanthus

• Phyllanthus amarus has anti-inflammatory potential by inhibition of iNOS, COX-2, and cytokines via the NF-kappaB pathway [6].
• On considering accuracy for quantitation, the SDS method was validated and then used to determine the content of the lignans in two Phyllanthus plants [7].
• Frontal affinity chromatography (FAC) using immobilized polyclone antibodies of compound A coupled with mass spectrometry was used for the screening of affinity compounds from an extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L [8].
• Cytotoxic arylnaphthalide lignan glycosides from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus taxodiifolius [9].
• The arylnaphthalide lignan glycosides, taxodiifoloside, cleistanthoside A, cleistanthin A and cleistanthin A methyl ether, together with a triterpene, glochidone, have been isolated from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus taxodiifolius [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Phyllanthus

• Pretreatment with the butanol extract of the water fraction of Phyllanthus emblica fruits at the dose of 100 mg/kg body-weight, orally administered to rats for 10 consecutive days, was found to enhance secretion of gastric mucus and hexosamine (P<0.001) in the indomethacin induced ulceration of rats [4].
• Our goal was to discuss the biologic rationale for the use of specific herbs (silymarin, glycyrrhizin, sho-saiko-to, Phyllanthus amarus , Picrorrhiza kurroa , Compound 861, CH-100, and LIV.52) in the treatment of chronic liver diseases, as well as the evidence for their efficacy and adverse effects according to clinical trials [10].
• The effect of 75% methanolic extract of the plant Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus) was studied against cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced toxicity in mice [11].

Biological context of Phyllanthus

• The protective action of crude extracts of Phyllanthus emblica fruits (PFE) against lead (Pb) and aluminium (Al)-induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was studied in bone marrow cells of Mus musculus [12].
• A variety of hydrolysable tannins purified from Phyllanthus amarus are potent inhibitors of rat liver cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (cAK) with IC50 values (concentrations for 50% inhibition) in the range 0.2-1.7 microM [13].
• A study on degradation kinetics of ascorbic acid in amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) during cooking [14].
• Present study was conducted to evaluate the role of a protein fraction (PI, protein isolate) of the herb, Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) against nimesulide-induced oxidative stress in vivo using a murine model [15].

Anatomical context of Phyllanthus

• The relaxant effect of extract of Phyllanthus urinaria in the guinea-pig isolated trachea. Evidence for involvement of ATP-sensitive potassium channels [16].
• The cardiac myoblasts H9c2 were incubated with the antioxidants ascorbic acid, trolox, N-acetylcysteine or selected medicinal plant extracts including; 1) ethanolic extracts from Curcuma longa L-EtOH Phyllanthus emblica L-EtOH, and Piper rostratum Roxb-EtOH; and 2) water extracts from Curcuma longa L-H2O and Morus alba L-H2O [17].
• Alexander cell line, an human hepatocellular carcinoma derived cell line which has the property of secreting HBsAg in the supernatant was used to study the antiviral property of phyllanthus amarus [18].

Associations of Phyllanthus with chemical compounds

• Antifungal, antiprotozoal, cytotoxic and piscicidal properties of Justicidin B and a new arylnaphthalide lignan from Phyllanthus piscatorum [19].
• Using activity against Candida albicans as a lead, the bioactivity-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane extract of Phyllanthus piscatorum led to the isolation of the arylnaphthalide lignan justicidin B (1), which was found to be present in high amounts, and a new C-11 hydroxylated derivative that we named piscatorin (2) [19].
• The study suggests that Phyllanthin, a principle of Phyllanthus amarus, is antigenotoxic [20].
• These findings suggest that stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol may account, at least in part, for the antinociceptive actions reported previously for the hydroalcoholic extract of Phyllanthus corcovadensis [21].
• Modifying role of Phyllanthus emblica and ascorbic acid against nickel clastogenicity in mice [22].

Gene context of Phyllanthus

• In accordance with the results obtained, the inhibition or modulation of CYP1A subfamily activities, and possibly of CYP1A2, is thought to be the main mechanism of antimutagenesis of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus orbicularis against 4-ABP and PhIP [23].
• Modulation of rat and human cytochromes P450 involved in PhIP and 4-ABP activation by an aqueous extract of Phyllanthus orbicularis [23].
• Analyses showed a better effect of the Phyllanthus plus IFN combination on clearance of serum HBeAg (1.56, 1.06-2.32) and HBV DNA (1.52, 1.05-2.21) than IFN alone [24].
• A standardized extract of Phyllanthus emblica (trade named Emblica) was found to have a long-lasting and broad-spectrum antioxidant activity [25].
• Aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity-directed fractionation of the 70% ethanolic extract of Para-parai mí, Phyllanthus niruri, has led to the isolation of three active components, ellagic acid (1), brevifolin carboxylic acid (4) and ethyl brevifolin carboxylate (5) [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Phyllanthus

• The hydroalcoholic extract (HE) of the four new species of Phyllanthus, given intraperitoneally, produced significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions, with mean ID(50) values of 0.3, 1.8, 7.4 and 26.5 mg/kg for Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus orbiculatus, Phyllanthus fraternus and Phyllanthus stipulatus, respectively [27].

References