Disease relevance of Luteal Cells

• Expression of betaglycan, an inhibin coreceptor, in normal human ovaries and ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and its regulation in cultured human granulosa-luteal cells [1].
• The small luteal cells in corpus albicans and ectopic pregnancy luteal tissues retained their immunostaining for TGF-beta 2, but with lower intensity [2].
• In the presence of porcine relaxin antiserum and complement, a zone of hemolysis, a plaque, developed around relaxin-releasing luteal cells [3].
• In contrast, although the preincubation of luteal cells with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) led to a similar increase in LH/GTP-stimulated adenylate cyclase, pretreatment with pertussis toxin did not inhibit the augmentary effects of PMA [4].
• 5. We show by ovarian transplant and hormone reconstitution experiments that failure to regulate luteal cell estradiol is one physiological mechanism for infertility in these mice [5].

High impact information on Luteal Cells

• LH directly stimulates the secretion of progesterone from small luteal cells via activation of the protein kinase A second messenger pathway [6].
• We report here the detection and localization of immunoreactive (ir) AVP in the luteal cells of adult homozygous Brattleboro rats, and the modulation of this ovarian ir-AVP by gonadotropins [7].
• The marked inhibitory effects of GnRH and its agonists on corpus luteum function suggest that these compounds could exert direct actions by binding to specific receptors on luteal cells [8].
• Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue binds to luteal cells and inhibits progesterone production [8].
• These results indicate that parturition is initiated when prostaglandin F2alpha interacts with FP in ovarian luteal cells of the pregnant mice to induce luteolysis [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Luteal Cells

• Endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome: enhanced stimulatory effect of peritoneal fluid on progesterone release from human granulosa-lutein cells [10].
• Ovarian luteal cell toxicity of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and methoxy acetic acid in vivo and in vitro [11].
• The same difference in basal steroid secretion between luteoma cells and luteal cells superovulated prepubertal ovaries was observed in cell cultures [12].
• Toxicity of methoxyacetic acid in cultured human luteal cells [13].

Biological context of Luteal Cells

• Prostaglandin F2 alpha stimulates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis and mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ in bovine luteal cells [14].
• Transfection of bovine luteal cells in primary culture with reporter gene constructs containing increasing deletions of the bovine CYP17 (P450(17) alpha) 5'-regulatory region clearly demonstrated that none of the sequences were capable of promoting significant reporter gene expression, neither in the presence nor absence of forskolin [15].
• Although usually considered to be a constitutively expressed protein, in the primate ovary the expression of CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) is extinguished after ovulation, and its loss is temporally associated with the cessation of proliferation of luteal cells and the ultimate commitment of the corpus luteum to undergo regression [16].
• The complete nucleotide sequence for rat ovarian aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom) has been derived from four cDNA clones isolated from three rat granulosa/luteal cell lambda gt11 cDNA expression libraries [17].
• Thus, either the mechanisms of nuclear import and export or the presence of distinct docking sites (and functions ?) dictate where A-kinase, phospho-CREB and Sgk are localized in granulosa cells compared with the terminally differentiated luteal cells [18].

Anatomical context of Luteal Cells

• The corpus luteum of the guinea pig. II. Cytochemical studies on the Golgi complex, GERL, and lysosomes in luteal cells during maximal progesterone secretion [19].
• MAP2D is the only MAP2 protein present in ovaries and is localized to granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles and to luteal cells [20].
• VEGF mRNA was found exclusively in granulosa luteal cells, and the area of expression was highest in corpora lutea during simulated pregnancy [21].
• Ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin compared to human urinary follicle-stimulating hormone results in a significant shift in follicular fluid androgen levels without discernible differences in granulosa-luteal cell function [22].
• Immunohistochemistry revealed that VEGF was localized in luteal cells and both flt-1 and KDR were also localized in luteal cells, in addition to vascular endothelial cells [23].

Associations of Luteal Cells with chemical compounds

• Small luteal cells appear to be of thecal cell origin and respond to LH with increased secretion of progesterone [6].
• The present studies were conducted to determine whether prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) stimulates the production of "second messengers" derived from inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and increases intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in isolated bovine luteal cells [14].
• Gonadotropin receptors with specificity, high affinity and low capacity for luteinizing hormone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) have been identified in rat luteal cells [24].
• Taken together, these findings indicate that theca cell-derived big STC is targeted to the cholesterol/lipid storage droplets of luteal cells to regulate steroidogenesis [25].
• Receptor-mediated gonadotropin action in the ovary. Rat luteal cells preferentially utilize and are acutely dependent upon the plasma lipoprotein-supplied sterols in gonadotropin-stimulated steroid production [26].

Gene context of Luteal Cells

• Expression of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor by human granulosa and theca lutein cells. Role in corpus luteum development [27].
• These results demonstrate that PRL/rPL-1 promotes relaxin expression in luteal cells and that this event is mediated, at least in part, via PKC delta [28].
• These results establish that basal and cAMP-stimulated activity of the bovine P450scc promoter in both Y1 cells and bovine luteal cells requires the combined action of at least two transcription factors, Sp1 and SF-1 [29].
• In continuation of earlier observations on the involvement of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in ovarian function, we examined the ability of IL-1 to modulate plasminogen activator (PA) activity and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in human granulosa lutein cells (GLCs) [30].
• However, little is known about the specific role of ATP in the subsequent MAPK-induced signaling cascade in human granulosa-luteal cells (hGLCs) [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Luteal Cells

• We have recently measured 11 beta HSD activity in cultured human granulosa-lutein cells recovered from patients undergoing in-vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) [32].
• In situ hybridization localized pro-DYN expression predominantly to granulosa and luteal cells [33].
• In the present study, gel shift analysis using nuclear extracts of either Y1 cells or bovine luteal cells demonstrated that the sequence between -57 and -32 bp bound SF-1 [29].
• Exposure to trilostane had no effect on the percentage of luteal cells expressing progesterone receptors, as determined by immunocytochemistry [34].
• In the present study, we investigated the gene expression of the two different forms of melatonin receptors in human granulosa-luteal cells, using RT-PCR [35].

References