Disease relevance of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Letter: Ectopic pregnancy, hydatidiform mole and clomiphene [1].
• To further elucidate the source of the elevated plasma levels of prorenin, we measured prorenin, renin activity, angiotensinogen, and steroid hormone levels in the plasma, luteal fluids (luteal cysts), ascitic fluid, and in ovarian venous samples collected from a patient with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and ectopic pregnancy [2].
• Chlamydia trachomatis causes sexually transmitted diseases and is associated with serious long-term sequelae such as tubal infertility and ectopic pregnancy [3].
• Radiographic examination alone cannot distinguish hemorrhage due to a ruptured corpus luteum or ectopic pregnancy from pus due to a ruptured appendix or a tubo-ovarian abscess; however, the presence of nonclotting blood on culdocentesis excludes abdominal sepsis [4].
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little is known about the role of Chlamydia trachomatis in the etiology of tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy in Egypt. GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To assess the association between past chlamydial infection, tubal factor infertility, and ectopic pregnancy in an Egyptian population [5].

Psychiatry related information on Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Even if they survive, as many as 15% to 20% of these women experience long-term sequelae of PID, such as ectopic pregnancy, tubo-ovarian abscess, infertility, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain [6].

High impact information on Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Predictors of success of methotrexate treatment in women with tubal ectopic pregnancies [7].
• METHODS: We studied 350 women with tubal ectopic pregnancies who were treated with methotrexate intramuscularly according to a single-dose protocol [8].
• Women sterilized by bipolar tubal coagulation before the age of 30 years had a probability of ectopic pregnancy that was 27 times as high as that among women of similar age who underwent postpartum partial salpingectomy (31.9 vs. 1.2 ectopic pregnancies per 1000 procedures) [9].
• Among the 71 women who received a second dose of misoprostol, 67 had complete abortions, 2 had partial retention of the conceptus, 1 had synechia with ongoing pregnancy, and 1 had an ectopic pregnancy [10].
• From 1973 through 1978, the Center for Disease Control identified ten deaths caused by ruptured ectopic pregnancy after attempted legal abortions for those pregnancies [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• In nine women with unruptured ectopic pregnancy, prostaglandin F2 alpha was injected under laparoscopic control into the affected oviduct and in eight patients also into the ovary containing the corpus luteum [12].
• Intratubal injection of prostaglandin in ectopic pregnancy [13].
• Conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy with local injection of hyperosmolar glucose solution or prostaglandin-F2 alpha: a prospective randomised study [14].
• Local prostaglandin F2 alpha injection for termination of ectopic pregnancy [12].
• Progesterone, estradiol, and alpha-human chorionic gonadotropin secretion in patients with ectopic pregnancy [15].
• Serum activin B was lower in ectopic pregnancies (P < 0.005) than in intrauterine pregnancies, whereas there was no difference in progesterone concentrations [16].

Biological context of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), a protein with extensive sequence homology to EGF and with equal affinity for the EGF-R, was localized immunohistochemically in early intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies [17].
• If these symptoms and findings occur during the latter half of the menstrual cycle in a young woman of low parity who has a normal menstrual history and a negative pregnancy test, a ruptured corpus luteum is a more likely diagnosis than ectopic pregnancy [4].
• Serum progesterone testing to predict ectopic pregnancy in symptomatic first-trimester patients [18].
• RESULTS: Success rates were comparable between patients with multidose and single-dose therapy (95% vs 90%, respectively) as were human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone levels, history of ectopic pregnancy (21.4% vs 21.7%, respectively), number of treatment days, gestational age, ectopic size, ectopic volume, and ectopic mass volume [19].
• Whether hydrotubation was early or late and whether hydrotubation fluid contained steroid or not had no significant impact on the odds of pregnancy, live birth, ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage [20].

Anatomical context of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Implantation-dependent expression of trophinin by maternal fallopian tube epithelia during tubal pregnancies: possible role of human chorionic gonadotrophin on ectopic pregnancy [21].
• Corpora albicans and ectopic pregnancy corpora lutea also immunostained for TGF-beta; however, the immunostaining intensity was lower than that seen in luteal tissues of early, mid, or late luteal phases [22].
• Plasma cell infiltration was correlated with C. trachomatis seropositivity among women with ectopic pregnancy (P = .005; OR, 7.2; 95% CI, 1.7-31) and among women undergoing tubal ligation (P = .008) [23].
• Low-dose oral methotrexate as second-line therapy for persistent trophoblast after conservative treatment of ectopic pregnancy [24].
• Concentrations of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and prostaglandin E (PGE) were measured in endometrium from 18 women with ectopic pregnancies [25].

Gene context of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and discrimination between abnormal intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy [26].
• Similar staining for fibrillin-1 was detected within the Fallopian tube of ectopic pregnancy material [27].
• RESULTS: In our 15 tissue specimens of ectopic pregnancies MMP-1 and TIMP-2 were found to be more prominent in the immunohistochemical distribution pattern than MMP-2 [28].
• Of those with titers greater than or equal to 1:512, 31% of PID sera and 81% of ectopic pregnancy sera were positive for chlamydial groEL (P = .004) [3].
• HOXA10 gene messenger RNA expression was up-regulated significantly at the site of implantation in ectopic pregnancy (P <.001), and its expression approached that of the endometrium during normal pregnancy (P =.33) [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pregnancy, Ectopic

• Tubal sterilization and subsequent ectopic pregnancy. A case-control study [30].
• Embryo transfer, ectopic pregnancy, and preliminary tubal occlusion [31].
• IUD use and subsequent tubal ectopic pregnancy [32].
• Controls who initially declined to participate but subsequently agreed differed from those who initially agreed on a number of demographic and reproductive characteristics, and estimates of ectopic pregnancy risk associated with induced abortion and tubal sterilization changed slightly with the inclusion of initial nonparticipants [33].
• However, some of the latter risk factors, i.e., prior tubal surgery, prior ectopic pregnancy, and perhaps appendectomy, may be considered to be the results of pelvic inflammatory disease and sexually transmitted diseases [34].

References