Disease relevance of Nasal Obstruction

• For example, when flunisolide is given to a patient with allergic rhinitis, the reduction of nasal obstruction and edema can be easily visualized [1].
• Fungal sinusitis typically occurs in patients with allergic rhinitis and nasal obstruction for many years [2].
• Furthermore, treatment with nimesulide was associated with clinically significant improvement in all inflammatory signs and symptoms observed (rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction, pharyngeal redness, swelling of lymph nodes and cough) [3].
• A combination of cetirizine and pseudoephedrine retard is well tolerated and superior to each given alone for moderate to severe allergic seasonal rhinitis, especially when nasal obstruction is a predominant symptom [4].
• Differentiation between NPC and TMD may be facilitated by specific questioning of other symptoms that are not frequently associated with TMD such as neck masses, nasal obstruction, recent unilateral hearing deficit and epistaxis [5].

High impact information on Nasal Obstruction

• To test the hypothesis that activation of receptors in the nasal passage may be involved in reflex initiation of oral breathing after nasal obstruction, we investigated respiratory responses to nasal occlusion before and after topical lignocaine anaesthesia of the nasal passages [6].
• Main outcome measures were clinician- and patient-rated individual and total nasal symptom scores (based on ratings of nasal obstruction, sneezing, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea); clinician-rated overall response to therapy; changes in nasal inflammatory cell counts; adverse events; and morning plasma cortisol concentrations [7].
• Improvement in sleep quality and daytime drowsiness in patients with allergic rhinitis treated with nasal corticosteroids was reported to correlate with reduction in nasal obstruction [8].
• CONCLUSION: In subjects with allergen-induced SAR symptoms, desloratadine significantly reduced the severity of nasal obstruction and accompanying complaints of nasal congestion and other SAR symptoms compared with the effects of placebo [9].
• If nasal obstruction is the main problem after steroid treatment, surgical treatment is indicated [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Nasal Obstruction

• RESULTS: Fluticasone propionate significantly reduced nasal obstruction, itching, and rhinorrhea [11].
• Fluticasone propionate administered once daily and beclomethasone dipropionate administered twice daily were equally effective as assessed by clinician- and patient-rated scores for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal itching throughout the treatment and follow-up periods [12].
• Role of neutral endopeptidase and kininase II on substance P-induced increase in nasal obstruction in patients with allergic rhinitis [13].
• Sneezing, nasal obstruction, and rhinorrhea were significantly better, and less additional nasal spray was used in subjects taking beclomethasone alone than in subjects taking astemizole alone [14].
• Astemizole has been shown to be highly effective in the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, with the exception of nasal obstruction [15].

Biological context of Nasal Obstruction

• In addition to nasal obstruction, allergic rhinitis is recognized to be associated with impaired mucociliary clearance and altered nasal responsiveness [16].
• Compared to placebo, cetirizine significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily symptom scores of nasal discharge, nasal itching, and sneezing, as well as the number of sneezings after nasal challenge with the antigen, without alleviating nasal obstruction (P > 0.05) [17].
• Placebo and dihydroergotamine (DHE) in a dose of 5 mg did not decrease the nasal airway resistance PPA (100 mg) and the combined preparation containing PPA in the lower dose (50 mg) taken twice a day in a cross-over, double-blind study significantly reduced nasal obstruction, secretion, and sneezing compared with placebo [18].
• We conclude that the histamine H1-receptor has the greatest effect on changes in nasal vascular permeability induced by topical histamine, whereas the H2-receptor has the greatest effect on nasal obstruction [19].

Anatomical context of Nasal Obstruction

• We report here the use of this oligonucleotide, with a fluorescein label tagged on its 5' end, as a probe for the in situ detection of nonencapsulated nontypeable H. influenzae in sections of adenoid tissue from 10 children who were clinically infection free but were having their adenoids removed because of nasal obstruction [20].
• The increase in neutrophil number correlated with MPO levels and LTB4 concentrations, but not with the intensity of nasal obstruction [21].
• Total symptom scores (including nasal itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal obstruction), sensitizations, nasal eosinophils, and cytokines (including interleukin 4 [IL-4], IL-5, and interferon-gamma) were evaluated [22].
• SUBJECTS: Nasal mucosa of the inferior turbinate was obtained from ten patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and eighteen non-allergic subjects receiving surgical therapy for nasal obstruction [23].
• One hundred and twenty-five healthy volunteers with no nasal obstruction were randomized to administration of a single intra-nasal dose of oxymetazoline (6.25 microg, 12.5 microg, 25 microg or 50 microg) or placebo to each nasal cavity [24].

Gene context of Nasal Obstruction

• Nasal obstruction and other symptoms of allergic rhinitis could explain some of the cognitive patterns observed in ADHD, which might result from sleep disturbance known to occur with allergic rhinitis [25].
• RESULTS: In patients whose nasal obstruction responded to IT, TARC decreased significantly with IT, while when response was defined in terms of sneezing or rhinorrhea, TARC did not change significantly [26].
• CONCLUSIONS: Local pretreatment with exogenous NPY reduces nasal obstruction and mucus secretion evoked by allergen challenge in allergic patients without modification of local itching and number of sneezes [27].
• In infected subjects, there was significant rank correlation between nasal obstruction severity, rhinorrhea severity, and nasal-wash albumin concentrations and the change in IL-8 concentration from baseline on days 2-4 after virus challenge [28].
• A single vasoactive dose of CGRP, which achieved nasal fluid concentrations similar to those elicited by antigen challenge, elicited the sensation of nasal obstruction in most subjects at 1 hr and for up to 4 hr after CGRP, without elevating nasal fluid concentrations of histamine [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Nasal Obstruction

• During the first 48 h after viral inoculation, nasal obstruction, nasal mucus weights, and kinin concentrations in nasal lavages were lower in steroid recipients, but subsequent increases in these variables in the steroid group resulted in no significant cumulative differences between treatment groups [30].
• 2. Repeated intranasal administration of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), 1 micromol per nostril every 30 min for 6 h, increased the nasal obstruction induced by histamine, 50 - 500 microg, and bradykinin, 200 microg per nostril [31].
• METHODS: Children, aged 6 to 12 years, with seasonal allergic rhinitis recorded their degree of nasal obstruction on two separate occasions using a nasal stuffiness score and a visual analogue scale [32].
• Thus, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of desloratadine against nasal obstruction, measured objectively and subjectively, during controlled exposure of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis to allergen [33].
• In humans, intranasally administered substance P (but not calcitonin gene-related peptide) lead to nasal obstruction as measured by rhinomanometry, and to secretion [34].

References