Disease relevance of Periodontal Index

• This bacterium was found in 100% of the periodontally diseased sites examined in localized juvenile periodontitis patients and was statistically related to clinical indices of periodontal disease including the Gingival Index, Plaque Index, and Pocket Depth [1].
• The probing attachment level, alveolar bone loss, age, sex, Calculus Index, Plaque Index, Gingival Index, fluorosis, and DMFT as well as the diabetic status was assessed in 1,342 Pima Indians who were at least partially dentate [2].
• CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort study, the presence of periodontal pockets as measured by CPITN was positively associated with total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol [3].
• In the second, the gingival index (GI) and gingival hyperplasia index (GHI) were recorded and correlated with serum levels of testosterone [4].
• We demonstrated that the gingival index scores were correlated with fructosamine values in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients but not in non-diabetic controls [5].

Psychiatry related information on Periodontal Index

• Results were compared with (i) self-assessments prior to (preconception) and following (post-measurement) self-measurements; (ii) odor judge scores; (iii) dental-measurements (plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth); (iv) volatile sulphide levels; (v) salivary cadaverine levels; and (vi) intra-oral trypsin-like activity [6].
• RESULTS: Subjects in the L and T groups demonstrated statistically significantly lower (P < .001) Modified Gingival Index, or MGI; Bleeding Index, or BI; and Plaque Index, or PI, at both three and six months than subjects in the P group [7].

High impact information on Periodontal Index

• In the multiple regression model, LVMI was dependent on CPITN (P<0.001), HS-CRP (P<0.05), serum cholesterol (P<0.05), and creatinine concentration (P<0.05) [8].
• Gingival Index is not a clinically important marker for bone loss, but collagenase-2 and collagenase-3 in peri-implant sulcus fluid are [9].
• The gingival index scores in the Meridol group were higher than in the chlorhexidine group and lower than in the placebo group [10].
• The effect of an experimental chewable antiplaque preparation containing chlorhexidine on plaque and gingival index scores [11].
• This clinical cross-over trial investigated the effects of a chewable preparation containing chorhexidine-fluoride-xylitol, xylitol control tablets, or chlorhexidine mouthwash, twice daily, on plaque and gingival index scores of subjects refraining from mechanical cleaning of their teeth [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Periodontal Index

• Gingival overgrowth scores in the main group, CsA, and CsA + verapamil groups were found to be positively correlated to periodontal probing depths (r = 0.60, r = 0.70, r = 0.52, respectively) and the gingival index (r = 0.60, r = 0.70, r = 0.54, respectively) [12].
• The mean CPITN score was compared with mean blood glucose level and the severity of periodontal disease [13].

Biological context of Periodontal Index

• METHODS: This study evaluates the effects of periodontal treatment on clinical indices including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and gingival crevicular fluid prostaglandin E2 levels of 22 pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters [14].

Anatomical context of Periodontal Index

• Plasma and leukocyte ascorbate levels, Plaque Index, Gingival Index, probing depths, and attachment level were monitored at the beginning and end of the depletion and repletion periods [15].
• On days 0 and 30 of a double blind study, two groups of 15 subjects each were evaluated using a plaque index, a gingival index, a gingival exudate flow and fasting plasma folic acid levels [16].
• METHOD: Clinical measurements including gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, attachment loss (AL), and GCF samples were taken from four lower incisors and the upper right posterior sextant of each patient at baseline and 6-month visits by means of sterile paper strips [17].
• RESULTS: With respect to gingival index, plaque index, nonmarginal gingival index, nongingival oral mucosa index, tooth vitality, and tooth sensitivity, there were no statistically significant differences between the 16% carbamide peroxide solution and the other two solutions (p > .05) [18].

Associations of Periodontal Index with chemical compounds

• Clinical assessments (Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Bleeding Tendency, pocket depth, and coronal staining) were made before appliances were placed and at one, three, six, and nine months after appliances were placed [19].
• Patients in the lowest tertile of CPITN score exhibited decreased salivary delivery of antioxidants and specifically urate than patients in the upper tertile [20].
• The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reciprocal relationship between abnormal serum glucose levels and elevated CPITN scores in non-diabetic patients [21].
• It is concluded that (a) the model can be used to establish the potential efficacy of a dentifrice to maintain gingival health, (b) the dentifrice containing zinc citrate and Triclosan was efficacious and (c) the Gingival Index possibly overestimates the proportion of healthy gingival sites [22].
• Positive associations were found between the presence of B. forsythus and AST values, gingival index, probing depth, and attachment level (P < 0.05) [23].

Gene context of Periodontal Index

• Total amount of glutathione peroxidase, lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase and IL-1beta was positively correlated with plaque index, gingival index, probing depth and probing attachment level (p < 0.05) [24].
• The clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and GCF samples were collected for analysis of GCF contents of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels [25].
• Correlations between various salivary components and the clinical parameters were examined, showing significant correlations between ALB and gingival index (GI) and clinical attachment level (CAL), and between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GI, probing depth (PlI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and CAL [26].
• To determine the binding capacity of EGF to its receptor, inflamed gingival tissues (pocket depth > or = 5 mm, Gingival Index = 1, 2 or 3) were collected during periodontal flap surgery and non-inflamed gingival tissues (pocket depth < 5 mm, Gingival Index = 0) were collected during surgical "crown lengthening' for aesthetic purposes [27].
• Clinical findings plaque index, PI; gingival index, GI; bleeding on probing, BOP; pus discharge, pus; and probing depth, PD at both PT-01 and control sites were measured at every visit for 4 weeks [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Periodontal Index

• Oral hygiene (OHI-S) and periodontal index (PI) were registered, and the quality of class II amalgam restorations was ranked according to a set of occlusal index pictures [29].
• This effect was short-lasting, as the gingival indices returned almost to base-line values by the end of the fifth month after treatment with levamisole [30].
• Patients in both the valproate and nonvalproate groups showed significantly higher gingival enlargement, gingival index, plaque scores, and pocketing (P < .001 and P < .01, respectively) than the control group [31].
• Participants used a fluoride-containing dentifrice throughout and clinical examinations were conducted using a mirror, CPITN probe and fibre-optic transillumination [32].
• Clinical measurements included a gingival index, plaque index, mobility, and, referencing an occlusal stent, probing depth (PD), probing attachment level-vertical (PAL-V), and probing attachment level-horizontal (PAL-H) [33].

References