Disease relevance of Cestoda

• The toxicity data on praziquantel, effective against trematodes and cestodes, on the schistosomicides hycanthone, metrifonate, niridazole, and oxamniquine, and on albendazole, effective against cestodes and nematodes, are discussed [1].

High impact information on Cestoda

• Release of eosinophil granule contents upon the worms is supported by localization of two of the major granule proteins, major basic protein (MBP) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), on and around species of trematodes, nematodes, and cestodes [2].
• These derivatives have an improved spectrum of activity over tetramisole and are active against nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes [3].
• Therapy for Cestodes is achieved most effectively with niclosamide, but the antimicrobial agent paromomycin has also been effective [4].
• For DNA differential diagnosis of human Taenia cestodes, a base excision sequence scanning thymine-base method using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b genes as targets was used [5].
• From this sequence the two oligonucleotides that were selected (oligonucleotides PTs4F1 and PTs4R1) specifically amplified genomic DNA (gDNA) from T. saginata but not T. solium or other related cestodes and had a sensitivity down to 10 pg of T. saginata gDNA [6].

Biological context of Cestoda

• Total DNAs, isolated from a range of taeniid cestodes (Taenia solium, T. saginata, T. pisiformis, T. crassiceps, T. hydatigena, T. ovis, T. multiceps and T. taeniaeformis), have been subjected to restriction enzyme digestion, Southern transfer and hybridization analysis using cloned fragments of the ribosomal RNA gene of Schistosoma mansoni [7].
• Immunoblots showed that both C. sinensis Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD should be antigenic for humans, and both, especially the C. sinensis MnSOD, exhibit extensive cross-reactions with sera of patients infected by other trematodes or cestodes [8].
• Genetic variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 within three species of Progamotaenia (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) from macropodid marsupials [9].
• Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on carbohydrate metabolism in Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) [10].
• Apoptosis or programmed cell death (PCD) patterns of two taeniid species, Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps, were explored in adult tapeworms grown in golden hamsters [11].

Anatomical context of Cestoda

• The cestodes Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps, T. pisiformis, T. hydatigena, Hymenolepis diminuta, Moniezia expansa and Anoplocephala perfoliata all produced substances that stimulated thymidine incorporation by whole blood lymphocyte cultures [12].
• When gerbils were suppressed with the steroid methyl predinisolone, tapeworms could be recovered up to 35 days post-infection and tapeworms measured up to 22 cm, a minor increase of goblet and mast cells was observed and histamine concentration was similar to that in non-infected animals [13].
• Phosphohydrolase activity of the isolated, brush-border membrane of Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) following sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [14].
• Ultrastructure of smooth muscle, gap junctions and glycogen distribution in Taenia solium tapeworms from experimentally infected hamsters [15].

Associations of Cestoda with chemical compounds

• Although some studies on the metabolism of glucose in several tapeworms are available, the proteins that mediate its uptake and distribution in their tissue have not been identified [16].
• A new anthelmintic drug, albendazole, has been tested in a multicenter double-blind placebo controlled study in 392 patients from France and West Africa in children and adults with single or mixed infections caused by roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, threadworms and tapeworms [17].
• Only S. impar lives in the Mediterranean, and is equally infested by both cestodes, whereas both species occur in the Atlantic and each of them is preferentially infested by 1 species of cestode [18].
• Immunocytochemical localization of serotonin (5-HT) in the nervous system of the hydatid organism, Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) [19].
• Secondly, all subjects were treated with niclosamide and a purgative and the tapeworms were recovered [20].

Gene context of Cestoda

• IL-4 dependent resistance to the tapeworm Mesocestoides corti (Cestoda) in mice [21].
• NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences compared for members of the genus Taenia (Cestoda) [22].
• Nonspecific esterase (NSE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and pseudocholinesterase (ChE) have been localized by histochemical methods in various tissues of a cestode, Raillietina (Raillietina) johri obtained from the intestine of pigeon [23].
• Sequence divergence at ITS1 and ITS2 was compared with divergence at 2 mtDNA loci (NADH dehydrogenase-1 and cytochrome c oxidase I) between closely related species of trematodes and cestodes [24].
• Tapeworms absorb and consume large quantities of glucose through their syncytial tegument, storing the excess as glycogen [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cestoda

• Molecular cloning of Taenia solium genomic DNA and characterization of taeniid cestodes by DNA analysis [7].
• The unreliability of arecoline purging in prevalence studies of dog cestodes is shown by mathematical contrast to the results of autopsy [25].
• Western blotting of 8 M urea extracts of parasites with the antibody detected a pair of clear bands in nematodes but not in S. mansoni or the cestodes [26].
• Purgation was induced by oral administration of arecoline and the purge examined for cestodes [27].

References