Disease relevance of Gerbillinae

• In this study we investigated the molecular pathways of iron-induced hepatic fibrosis and evaluated the anti-fibrogenic effect of vitamin E. Male gerbils were treated with iron-dextran and fed a standard diet or a alpha-tocopherol enriched diet (250 mg/Kg diet) [1].
• Induction of gliomas in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) following neonatal administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea [2].
• Selective induction of melanomas in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) following postnatal administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea [3].
• Helicobacter pylori alters gastric epithelial cell cycle events and gastrin secretion in Mongolian gerbils [4].
• Here we show that doxycycline and minocycline, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics and have antiinflammatory effects independent of their antimicrobial activity, protect hippocampal neurons against global ischemia in gerbils [5].

Psychiatry related information on Gerbillinae

• Infusion of EPO into the lateral ventricles of gerbils prevented ischemia-induced learning disability and rescued hippocampal CA1 neurons from lethal ischemic damage [6].
• METHODS: Under ether anesthesia, gerbils with sham operation (S group, n = 8) and those with pretreatment consisting of BCO for 2 minutes, twice at 3 days and 2 days earlier (T group, n = 8), were again subjected to BCO for 5 minutes [7].
• Given i.c.v., senktide (0.5-2 micrograms) and (MePhe7)neurokinin B (1-10 micrograms), another NK3 receptor agonist, reduced exploratory behaviour in gerbils in a dose-dependent manner (2 micrograms of senktide producing a 50% reduction of locomotor activity and rearing) [8].
• Diazepam and nicotine increase social interaction in gerbils: a test for anxiolytic action [9].
• Ginsenoside Rb1 significantly prolonged the response latency of ischemic gerbils and rescued a significant number of ischemic CA1 pyramidal neurons, whereas ginsenosides Rg1 and Ro were ineffective [10].

High impact information on Gerbillinae

• Methyl 4,6-dichloro-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside: an inhibitor of sweet taste responses in gerbils [11].
• No ulcer was found in the gerbils infected with the cagE mutant (0/27) or in controls (0/27) [12].
• However, IL-3 infusion prevented the decrease in Bcl-xL protein expression in the CA1 field of ischemic gerbils [13].
• In iron-dosed gerbils on the vitamin E-enriched diet for 4 mo, in spite of a severe liver iron burden, a normal lobular architecture was found, with a dramatic decrease of collagen mRNA accumulation and collagen deposition [1].
• Finally, gerbils treated with DMTU or tungsten all survived, while greater than 60% of gerbils treated with urea, allopurinol, or saline died by 48 h after temporary unilateral carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Gerbillinae

• The initial effects of overeating (i.e., development of hyperinsulinemia without hyperglycemia) were associated in the sand rat with a dramatic decrease in in vitro and in vivo insulin-induced receptor tyrosine kinase activity in both liver and muscle [15].
• Global ischemia in rats and gerbils induces down-regulation of GluR2 mRNA and increased alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced Ca2+ influx in CA1 before neurodegeneration [16].
• The neuroprotective effects of MK-801, a noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, were evaluated in models of cerebral ischemia using Mongolian gerbils [17].
• Measurement of regional N-acetylaspartate after transient global ischemia in gerbils with and without ischemic tolerance: an index of neuronal survival [18].
• The parenteral administration of iron-dextran complex to gerbils caused hepatic hemosiderosis and fibrosis after 6 wk [19].

Biological context of Gerbillinae

• The density of benzodiazepine/gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor binding sites was lower in the midbrain of seizure-susceptible gerbils compared to control seizure-resistant gerbils [20].
• DNA methylation by dimethylnitrosamine in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus): indications of a deficient, noninducible hepatic repair system for O6-methylguanine [21].
• Treatment of male sand rats kept on a balanced laboratory chow diet ad libitum with beta,beta'-tetramethyl-substituted hexadecanedioic acid (MEDICA 16) resulted in a hypolipidemic effect accompanied by an extensive reduction in adiposity, with a concomitant hypoglycemic-hypoinsulinemic effect [22].
• Effects of tirilazad mesylate on postischemic brain lipid peroxidation and recovery of extracellular calcium in gerbils [23].
• We evaluated the possible protective effect of DOPS against hippocampal CA1 cell death after transient forebrain ischemia in gerbils [24].

Anatomical context of Gerbillinae

• Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), given N-methyl-N-nitrosourea iv once weekly for 15 weeks at doses related to the mean lethal dose, developed tumors of the species-specific midventral sebaceous gland [25].
• RESULTS: B128-infected gerbils harbored high numbers of bacteria in the gastric antrum and corpus, whereas B128delta cagY and B128delta cagA colonized the antrum more densely than the corpus [26].
• Microvessels were isolated by albumin flotation and glass bead filtration from cerebral cortices of gerbils decapitated during pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures and ischemia-induced seizures [27].
• To determine whether there is an excess of GABAergic interneurons in the dentate gyrus of epileptic gerbils, as had been reported previously, GABA immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization of GAD67 mRNA, and the optical fractionator method were used [28].
• Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, when treated at intervals of 2-6 days with prednisolone tertiary butyl acetate, sustained infection with adult Echinococcus multilocularis in the small intestine, with the tapeworm exhibiting normal strobilation and egg production as in the natural canid host [29].

Associations of Gerbillinae with chemical compounds

• Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were given an sc injection (40 mg/kg body wt) of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea [(ENU) CAS: 759-73-9] on postnatal day 1 (group I) or day 29 (group II) [2].
• To identify which chemical gradient guides the bacteria within the mucus layer, combinations of luminal perfusion, dialysis, and ventilation were used to modify or invert transmucus gradients in anaesthetized Helicobacter-infected mice and Mongolian gerbils [30].
• Gerbils (6-16 animals per dietary group) were fed purified diets (21 with 0.01 to 0.08% cholesterol and 38 cholesterol-free) for 4-week periods [31].
• Delayed pentobarbital administration limits ischemic brain damage in gerbils [32].
• In gerbils consuming cholesterol-supplemented diets, 87% of the observed variation in TC could be accounted for by a regression equation that included 14:0, palmitic acid (16:0), and a log function of 18:2 plus dietary cholesterol itself [31].

Gene context of Gerbillinae

• This astroglial response was higher in the grafted side than in the contralateral side in ischemic gerbils, but no differences were seen between BDNF-producing and non-BDNF-producing grafts [33].
• IPF1/PDX1 deficiency and beta-cell dysfunction in Psammomys obesus, an animal With type 2 diabetes [34].
• Tanis is a recently described protein reported to be a putative receptor for serum amyloid A and found to be dysregulated with diabetes in the Israeli sand rat Psamommys obesus [35].
• In accordance with this, we detected decreased 125I-labeled insulin binding, probably reflecting a downregulation of IR numbers, in skeletal muscle of Psammomys animals from the DP line [36].
• Significantly reduced IFN-gamma and IL-12p40 responses were observed in male gerbils infected with H pylori, but epithelial proliferative and apoptotic responses were comparable to those of females [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Gerbillinae

• Microfilarial antigens of Mr approximately 150,000, 75,000, 42,000, and 25,000 were identified in immunoblotting studies by reactivity with antibodies in sera of immunized jirds [38].
• Development of macroangiopathy in sand rats (Psammomys obesus), an animal model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effect of gliclazide [39].
• This trend was also reflected by Psammomys subjected to the OGTT; a mild impairment in glucose tolerance was associated with an increase in the insulin response and a further impairment in glucose tolerance was associated with a reduction in the insulin response [40].
• In the present study, guanethidine sulfate (GS) and 6-hydroxydopamine (HDA) were administered to gerbils to induce sympathectomy [41].
• To test this effect in focal cerebral ischemia, angiotensin II was intravenously administered for four hours to gerbils immediately after unilateral carotid ligation [42].

References