Disease relevance of Residual Volume

• The virus groups had airway obstruction (abnormal lung mechanics, gas exchange and residual volume), and increased sensitivity to intravenous methacholine at 1 to 4 wk, although methacholine hypersensitivity was minimal in vagotomized rats; these abnormalities were absent at 7 to 8 wk after inoculation [1].
• In patients with radiological evidence of pulmonary emphysema the bronchodilator drugs fenoterol and ipratropium bromide produced a considerable increase in vital capacity and reduction in residual volume [2].
• Phase II study of intraperitoneal cisplatin plus systemic etoposide as second-line treatment in patients with small volume residual ovarian cancer [3].
• Sound measurements were made during apnea at functional residual capacity, total lung capacity, and residual volume both after breathing air and an 80% He-20% O2 (heliox) gas mixture [4].
• OBJECTIVE: The study was done to evaluate flowmetry parameters, bladder capacity and postvoiding residual volume (PVR) in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis/category II according to the National Institute of Health (NIH) categorization of prostatitis syndromes (CBP/Cat.II) [5].

High impact information on Residual Volume

• Daily peak flow measurements improved with theophylline (P < 0.01) as did monthly spirometric measurements and residual volume measured by plethysmography [6].
• Incomplete empyting of the gallbladder in late pregnancy leaves a large residual volume and may cause retention of cholesterol crystals, a prerequisite for cholesterol-gallstone formation [7].
• Leukotriene C was 600 to 9500 times more potent than histamine on a molar basis in producing an equivalent decrement in the residual volume [8].
• RESULTS: UDCA increased gallbladder fasting and residual volume and decreased ejection rate but did not affect ejection fraction [9].
• The odds for stone recurrence were ninefold increased in the presence of excessive deoxycholic acid (exceeding cholic acid) in the bile acid pool or incomplete emptying of the gallbladder (residual volume > 5 mL) in response to cholecystokinin [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Residual Volume

• The administration of famotidine significantly reduced the number of pediatric patients considered at higher risk for aspiration pneumonitis, despite not decreasing gastric residual volume [11].
• These preliminary results confirm that terazosin significantly improved peak as well as mean urine flow rates and significantly reduced residual volume and significantly improved obstructive symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (p less than 0.001) [12].

Biological context of Residual Volume

• To determine whether repeated exhalations to residual volume (RV) and/or incomplete inspiration to baseline total lung capacity (TLC) could contribute to exaggerated narrowing during challenge, we tested 10 subjects on three separate days using modified methacholine challenge protocols [13].
• The increase of residual volume (RV) was investigated during acute bronchoconstriction induced in healthy subjects by methacholine (MCh) (Group 1, n = 13) and in asthmatics by MCh (Group 2, n = 21), or housemite dust (Group 3, n = 11) during early and late airway responses (EAR and LAR), or a series of deep breaths (Group 4, n = 7) [14].
• Gastric residual volumes were assessed, and plasma acetaminophen concentrations were serially determined by TDx between 0 and 12 hrs to evaluate gastric emptying [15].
• Pressure-volume curves indicated that maximal tidal volume was unchanged; however, hysteresis was modestly altered and residual volumes were significantly decreased in the SP-B-deficient mice [16].
• Therefore, we assessed the response of lung volumes (i.e., by IC, total lung capacity [TLC], functional residual capacity [FRC], residual volume [RV], and FVC) to salbutamol and the relationship of these changes to improvements in the spirometry in these patients [17].

Anatomical context of Residual Volume

• Maximal static inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures at residual volume and total lung capacity, respectively, maximal sniff transdiaphragmatic pressure, maximal voluntary quadriceps femoris contraction force and theophylline levels were measured during placebo and active drug periods [18].

Associations of Residual Volume with chemical compounds

• In 6 normal subjects given erythromycin three times weekly for 1 month, the effect was maintained (fasting volume, 18.8 mL, P less than 0.001; residual volume, 3.7 mL, P less than 0.001) [19].
• By 6 months, mean urinary flow rates had increased (p less than 0.05) and residual volume had decreased (p = 0.017) in the alfuzosin group, although the two groups were broadly similar with respect to increase in peak flow rate [20].
• In this heavily pretreated patient population, most of whom had high volume residual disease, complete responses (CRs) to CBV and ABMT occurred in 25% of assessable patients with NHL and 43% of patients with HD [21].
• Treatment with octreotide increased the mean postprandial residual volume further to 36.8 ml (p < 0.001) [22].
• Fasting gall bladder volume was increased during simvastatin (28.7 (2.8) ml) v baseline (23.2 (2.3) ml, p < 0.01) whereas, residual volume did not differ (5.7 (0.9) ml (simvastatin) v 5.9 (0.7) (baseline) [23].

Gene context of Residual Volume

• Residual volumes were increased in the SP-B(+/-) mice [24].
• CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that in cerebral infarcted rats detrusor hyperreflexia can be suppressed by the selective beta3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316243 without increasing post-void residual volume and without significant cardiovascular side effects [25].
• For reversible inhibition, log volume-residual CYP3A4 activity relationships for grapefruit and lime juices had negative linear slopes that were parallel [26].
• Residual volume (%RV) was significantly increased, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was significantly decreased in ex-smokers with asthma and COPD compared with never-smokers with asthma [27].
• Pulmonary function tests were (%predicted): FEV(1) = 27%; residual volume = 224.6%; diffusion capacity = 26.7% [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Residual Volume

• In addition, plasma ghrelin correlated positively with percent predicted residual volume and residual volume-to-total lung capacity ratio [29].
• We found no change in ultrafiltration, residual volumes, creatinine, phosphate and urea clearances, or albumin recovered [30].
• HoLEP and TURP resulted in a significant improvement in American Urological Association symptom scores, peak urinary flow rates and post-void residual urine volumes with symptoms scores and residual volume significantly better in the holmium group [31].
• Preliminary data from this animal model suggests that metoclopramide significantly increased detrusor contractility as manifested by a decrease in bladder capacity, an increase in detrusor peak voiding pressure and a decrease in post-void residual volume [32].
• Mean changes after 2 yr in forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide and residual volumes were not different in the methotrexate group compared with the control group [33].

References