Disease relevance of estriol

• To evaluate the relationship between these two breast-cancer risk indicators the urine oestriol ratio was determined for recently delivered uniparous women aged 19-23, 25-27, and 29-34 years and nulliparous women of comparable ages [1].
• FINDINGS: After multivariate adjustment, oral use of oestriol 1-2 mg daily increased the relative risk of endometrial cancer and endometrial atypical hyperplasia: the odds ratios for at least 5 years of use compared with never use were 3.0 (95% CI 2.0-4.4) and 8.3 (4.0-17.4), respectively [2].
• Deficiency of steroid sulphatase (STS) is associated with ichthyosis, with failure of the placental production of oestriol in late pregnancy and with difficulties in childbirth [3].
• Growth-promoting effect of oestriol in a lymphoma lacking oestrogen receptors [4].
• Maternal serum unconjugated oestriol as an antenatal screening test for Down's syndrome [5].

Psychiatry related information on estriol

• Infant development following the use of intravenous nutrition to women with persistently low urinary oestriol excretion [6].
• There was no correlation between serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, oestriol and LH concentrations indicating that steroid hormone disturbances do not cause impaired LH release in anorexia nervosa [7].

High impact information on estriol

• Second trimester maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin and unconjugated oestriol levels in blacks and whites [8].
• In the total series of 794 patients, hypoglycaemia had a significant association with low oestriol excretion (p less than 0.01), fetal growth retardation (p less than 0-05), low Apgar score (p less than 0.05), and perinatal mortality (p less than 0.05) [9].
• The urine "oestriol ratio", the concentration of oestriol relative to the sum of the concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol, is inversely related to a population's breast-cancer rate [1].
• In the luteal phase, the oestriol ratio of the youngest parous women was again distinctively raised and generally the oestriol ratios of parous women were higher than those of nulliparae [1].
• In the follicular phase, the youngest parous women had an oestriol ratio 40% higher than, and significantly different from, the ratios of all other groups which were otherwise quite similar [1].

Chemical compound and disease context of estriol

• Feeding of diet containing E1, E2 and E3 increased the incidences of the preneoplastic endometrial lesions (atypical, adenomatous or cystic glandular hyperplasia) [10].
• Second trimester amniotic fluid oestriol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, and human chorionic gonadotrophin levels in Down's syndrome [11].
• CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with eicosapentaenoic acid and E3 was effective and safe for menopausal women with hypertriglyceridemia [12].
• The objective of this study was to evaluate economically a screening programme within the Oxford Regional Health Authority for Down's syndrome, based on maternal serum alpha fetoprotein, unconjugated oestriol and human chorionic gonadotrophin as well as maternal age (the triple test) against maternal age alone [13].
• Increased saliva oestriol to progesterone ratio before preterm delivery: a possible predictor for preterm labor [14]?

Biological context of estriol

• Doses of ICI 182,780 that were suboptimal for blocking estrus cycling blocked the E3-mediated suppression of CIA in castrated female mice [15].
• Results and Conclusions: PKR was increased in 2-ME-treated MG63 cells, whereas 17beta-estradiol, 4-hydroxyestradiol, and 16alpha-hydroxyestradiol, which do not induce cell death, had no effect on PKR protein levels [16].
• During the late stages of both pregnancies maternal oestriol levels were unrecordable and there was evidence of suppression of maternal adrenal function [17].
• These included an increase in the length and AUC for E3 of the follicular phase and a decrease in the AUC of LH during the luteal phase [18].
• It is based on the rapid, quantitative separation of oestradiol and oestriol by Sephadex LH-20 columns after the chemical reduction and enzymic hydrolysis of the incubation products [19].

Anatomical context of estriol

• That exercise may alter the neuroendocrine system is suggested by a delay in the ovulatory LH peak in spite of increased E3 excretion; moreover, less LH is excreted during the luteal phase [18].
• In the absence of plasma proteins, estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) were freely diffusible through the uterine capillaries, but influx was significantly reduced for estriol (E3) and estetrol [20].
• Oestriol-stimulated synthesis of ribonucleic acid in the uterus of the immature rat [21].
• When syngeneic bone marrow cells were transfused into E3-treated mice, focal hepatic hemopoiesis was increased further [22].
• We tested the hypothesis that anthropometric markers and their relationship to umbilical cord leptin, cortisol and cortisone, DHEAs and oestriol differed between Caucasians and Asians at birth [23].

Associations of estriol with other chemical compounds

• Urine and plasma oestriol, plasma progesterone, human placental lactogen, beta 1-glycoprotein and serum cystyl aminopeptidase were measured at intervals during 608 pregnancies [24].
• Binding of estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), RU16117, and moxestrol to testis cytosol from adult male rats was investigated [25].
• The perinatal mortality rate was significantly higher in the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance when oestriol excretion was low [26].
• SHBG was significantly correlated with testosterone, oestradiol and oestriol [27].
• Sixty-nine healthy women in the early menopause were assessed in terms of calcium metabolism, coronary risk factors, Kupperman index, and various serum hormones before and during replacement therapy with 17 beta-oestradiol plus oestriol and norethisterone acetate [28].

Gene context of estriol

• Premarin induced a significant and progressive rise in E1 and E2 levels and in SHBG, whereas Ovestin induced no changes [29].
• E3 stimulated the PR content by 7-10 times [30].
• At 14 weeks a triple test (oestriol, J-HCG and alpha-fetoprotein) was normal and at 22 weeks a detailed ultrasound scan showed no congenital anomalies [31].
• Oestriol treatment had no effect on dopaminergic markers in MPTP mice whereas oestrone prevented striatal DAT loss and the decrease of VMAT2 mRNA in the substantia nigra [32].
• METHOD: The relationship between the maternal serum markers alphafetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and unconjugated oestriol (uE3), determined with the Beckman Coulter access reagents and maternal weight was investigated in a cohort of 752 Belgian women being screened for pregnancy associated with Down's syndrome [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of estriol

• Serum total oestriol was determined by radioimmunoassay every 6 h during intravenous beta-mimetic infusion (p less than 0.005) [34].
• The subgroup of 25 children born to women with persistently low oestriol excretion during pregnancy showed a significant reduction in weight and head circumference at 6 years compared with the values in the control group and in the other children in the low-oestriol group [35].
• Ninety-seven postmature pregnancies were monitored by amnioscopy or amniocentesis (to determine presence or absence of meconium), oxytocin challenge tests (OCT), 24-hour urinary oestriol estimations and fetal movement counts [36].
• Total oestriol in maternal serum or plasma as measured by liquid chromatography [37].
• Responsiveness to local E3 may correspond to improved cystoscopic findings as a consequence of increased bladder perfusion [38].

References