Disease relevance of Apgar Score

• Compared with the control group, the operative mode of delivery, the mean birth weight, the birth-weight percentile, the male/female ratio, the frequency of low Apgar score (less than or equal to 6 at 1 min), and the number of infants with congenital anomalies were significantly higher in the infants born to the glucose-intolerant mothers [1].
• Our findings support the concept that urine drug screening for cocaine and/or other drugs of abuse should be considered in patients who present with no prenatal care, premature labor, premature delivery, and delivery of an infant with a 1-minute Apgar score of 6 or less [2].
• The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were significantly higher for the lactate concentration than for the pH value with 2 outcome variables: Apgar score <4 at 5 minutes (P =.033) and moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (P =.015) [3].
• Covariate analysis included weight, PCA, Apgar score, prophylactic administration of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to the neonate, maternal indomethacin and betamethasone administration, and chorioamnionitis [4].
• Our results suggested that preeclampsia and antenatal exposure of magnesium sulfate reduced the risk while antenatal exposure of indomethacin and low Apgar score associated with the occurrence of cPVL [5].

Psychiatry related information on Apgar Score

• Performance on most neuropsychologic tests or observations correlated with neonatal CBF but only rarely with other neonatal parameters (birthweight, gestational age, Apgar score at 5 min) [6].

High impact information on Apgar Score

• In the total series of 794 patients, hypoglycaemia had a significant association with low oestriol excretion (p less than 0.01), fetal growth retardation (p less than 0-05), low Apgar score (p less than 0.05), and perinatal mortality (p less than 0.05) [7].
• The influence of gestational and postnatal age, weight, Apgar score, and creatinine and urea plasma concentrations on the pharmacokinetic parameters was assessed [8].
• Using multiple-regression analysis, 64% (R2 = 0.639; p = 0.0001) of PDI variance was explained by 1/DHA and weight at 1 y, whereas 82% (R2 = 0.816; p = 0.0001) of MDI variance was explained by weight at 1 y, Apgar score, 1/DHA, and 1/EPA [9].
• Apgar score had a significant effect on babies' IL-6 values at birth [10].
• EP did not correlate with AVP or HX in any group, nor did any of the variables correlate with the Apgar score [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Apgar Score

• Birth weight, gestational age, highest creatinine level, Apgar score, and aminoglycosides alone were not systematically related to hearing capacity [12].
• Term babies with signs of probable intrauterine hypoxia (fetal distress, scalp blood or arterial cord blood pH less than 7.19, and/or Apgar score of less than 5 at 1 min) had hypoxanthine levels (19.8 +/- 3.5 mumol/l) consistently above the mean for normals [13].
• 2) In the group treated with Progesterone, lower newborn birth weight and Apgar score were observed [14].
• Serum total calcium values correlated significantly with the infant's birth weight, gestational age, 1-min Apgar score, respiratory distress, severity of sickness, serum bilirubin and sodium concentrations [15].
• The level of total estrogen excretion was related to Apgar score in cases of class B diabetes, severe toxemia, and also in moderate toxemia when estrogen excretion was falling [16].

Biological context of Apgar Score

• In an attempt to elucidate some of these factors, the levels of AFP in serum of 89 women at 32 to 34 weeks gestation and of 115 women at term were measured by radioimmunoassay and related to several obstetric variables such as parity, pregnancy number, 1 - minute Apgar score, smoking habit and sex of newborn [17].
• A relationship of NSE concentration was not found for gestational age, uterine contractions, age and parity of the mother, infant's birth weight or 1 min Apgar score [18].
• There was no significant difference in the rate of cervical dilation, the foetal heart rate, the Apgar score, pain relief or neonatal neurobehavioural scores betweeen those receiving butorphanol and those receiving meperidine [19].
• The eventual fetal outcome for all patients treated with methyldopa was the same as that for those treated with oxprenolol; birth weight, placental weight, head circumference, and Apgar score were not significantly different and there were no stillbirths in either group [20].
• Compared with controls, the PGE2-treated patients had fewer cesarean sections either for failed induction or fetal distress (P less than 0.01); the incidence of infants with low Apgar score was significantly less (P less than 0.05) and there were fewer postpartum haemorrhages (P less than 0.01) [21].

Anatomical context of Apgar Score

• Neonatal safety was assessed by Apgar score, arterial or venous pH of cord blood, and blood glucose level during the first 48 hours [22].
• A study was made of the relationship between electronic fetal heart monitoring and the Apgar score in 14,350 babies delivered between 1970 and 1975 at Beth Israel Hospital, Boston. Simple comparison of Apgar scores in monitored and unmonitored babies showed no difference at 5 minutes [23].
• Results. Severe and moderate basal ganglia and thalamic (BGT) lesions, with one exception, were only observed in the group with an Apgar score of 3 or below [24].
• The number of neonates with a low 1-min Apgar score (<7) was significantly higher in the 50-microg misoprostol group (26.8 vs. 8.6%; p < 0.05), but 5-min Apgar scores and umbilical artery blood gas values at the time of delivery were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05) [25].
• A significant association was demonstrated between high cord serum triglyceride levels and toxemia, overterm, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, deceleration of fetal heart rate, intrauterine growth retardation, low one-minute Apgar score (less than or equal to 7), and low umbilical arterial pH (less than 7.20) [26].

Associations of Apgar Score with chemical compounds

• The multiple correlation coefficient between the 1-minute Apgar score and all five parameters combined (lactate, pH, PO2, PCO2, and base deficit) was 0.36 [27].
• Conflict in the acceptance of pregnancy, measured in prenatal interviews, predicted anxiety and epinephrine levels in labor and the 5-minute Apgar score [28].
• Similarly, within the normal group progesterone levels were greater in a stressed group of infants, where cord vein pH, artery pH, Apgar score at 1 min or birthweight fell below the 10th centile for the study group [29].
• Most of the neonatal observations revealed no difference between the two drugs, but significantly more babies whose mothers had received meptazinol had an Apgar score of greater than or equal to 8 at 1 min after birth [30].
• Four of the infants of mothers who received 1% mepivacaine were depressed (1-min Apgar score 6 or less), and six of the other group were depressed also [31].

Gene context of Apgar Score

• Plasma SS and CCK levels during the first day were not correlated to multiple birth, mode of anesthesia, umbilical pH, Apgar score and blood glucose level before first meal [32].
• Knowledge of the APGAR score did not increase the frequency with which physicians evaluated family function (20 percent known vs 17 percent unknown) or diagnosed family dysfunction (6.3 percent known vs 6.4 percent unknown) [33].
• In the newborn at delivery there was a negative correlation between serum prolactin and the Apgar score at 1 min applied to the part of the graph between 8 and 2 Apgar scores [34].
• A decreased rate of head growth during the first 4 months of life in African infants born with a low Apgar score correlates closely with the development of microcephaly [35].
• These children were more likely to be hospitalized with epilepsy during the follow-up than were children with an Apgar score of 7 or greater [36].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Apgar Score

• Duration of analgesia, method of delivery, and neonatal outcome (measured using APGAR score, peripheral oxygen saturation, and neurologic adaptive capacity score) and side effects of clonidine were observed [37].
• We examined the association between 5-minute Apgar score and the risk of epilepsy hospitalization in childhood [36].
• The TSH concentration was correlated with the OGTT 2-hour glucose value (rho = 0.0948, p = 0.029) and Apgar score at the fifth minute (rho = -0.1197, p = 0.009) [38].
• Correlation between foetal pH, cord blood glucose level and Apgar score in a foetal intensive care unit--preliminary report [39].
• For 2 years, 59 (0.24%) of 25,000 term infants had a 5-minute Apgar score < or = 5 and 22 (0.08%) infants were administered chest compressions with or without epinephrine as part of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the delivery room [40].

References