Disease relevance of Arthroscopy

• METHODS: Forty-four patients (14 PsA, 12 ReA, and 18 RA) with knee synovitis who were undergoing arthroscopy were assessed [1].
• METHODS: Synovial biopsy samples were obtained from 88 consecutive patients undergoing needle arthroscopy for knee synovitis associated with RA (n = 36), spondylarthropathy (n = 35), osteoarthritis (n = 9), or other diagnoses (n = 8) [2].
• METHODS: Synovial fluid (SF) and synovial membrane (SM) were obtained by arthroscopy, and a synovitis score was determined, in 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (13 with early untreated disease, 19 with established disease), 18 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and 10 with osteoarthritis (OA) [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: For ambulatory patients undergoing arthroscopy, the incidence of transient neurologic symptoms is not reduced by decreasing spinal lidocaine concentrations from 2.0% to 1.0% or 0.5% [4].
• Treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee with yttrium-90 silicate: prospective evaluations by arthroscopy, histology, and 99mTc pertechnetate uptake measurements [5].

High impact information on Arthroscopy

• In 13 patients with RA and 19 patients with various other rheumatological disorders, knee ST biopsies were collected in macroscopically inflamed areas identified under arthroscopy [6].
• METHODS: Ten patients with PsA (median duration 18 months) underwent arthroscopy and synovial biopsy of an inflamed knee before and after clinical improvement induced by methotrexate [7].
• METHODS: Leptin levels in SF samples obtained from OA patients undergoing either knee replacement surgery or knee arthroscopy were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [8].
• METHODS: Hematoxylin and eosin staining and histologic grading for inflammation were performed for 104 patients who met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for OA and had undergone total joint replacement or arthroscopy [9].
• RESULTS: Diacerhein treatment slowed the progression of OA, as measured by grading of gross changes in the unstable knee at arthroscopy 16 weeks after cruciate ligament transection (P = 0.04) and at the time the animals were killed, 32 weeks after surgery (P = 0.05) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Arthroscopy

• We conclude that intraarticular morphine significantly reduces postoperative pain following knee arthroscopy and that there is no advantage of combining bupivacaine with morphine [11].
• Postoperative pain following knee arthroscopy: the effects of intra-articular ketorolac and/or morphine [12].
• This study was designed to compare the analgesic effect of intra-articular tenoxicam 20 mg with intravenous tenoxicam on postoperative pain in 88 patients undergoing day case knee arthroscopy [13].
• On the basis of its attenuation of encephalographic responses, we conclude that detomidine (20 micrograms/kg of body weight, IV) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg, IV) induction of anesthesia followed by maintenance with halothane is an effective regimen for control of pain in horses during arthroscopic surgery [14].
• Shoulder arthroscopy was performed on a 52-year-old man for the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the humeral head [15].

Biological context of Arthroscopy

• We think that adding epinephrine to only portal site injections is sufficient to obtain a clear view and, furthermore, when carrying out arthroscopy in this manner, no significant changes are encountered in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pain during arthroscopy, or time of arthroscopy [16].
• Our findings thus demonstrate that MRI is more sensitive than arthroscopy in the detection of intrasubstance pathologies of the lateral discoid menisci [17].
• We evaluated bacterial density and composition on the skin of 15 patients undergoing knee arthroscopy and the left hand of two surgeons after standard disinfection with povidone-iodine [18].
• At 10 days' follow-up, in patients who had undergone operative arthroscopy naproxen sodium demonstrated a statistically significant effect on synovial effusion (p < 0.01), range of motion (p < 0.001), quadriceps strength (p < 0.05), pain (p < 0.001), walking activity (p < 0.05), and use of crutches (p < 0.01) [19].
• CONCLUSION: The auditory evoked potential index provided by the A-line monitor does not decrease sevoflurane consumption or emergence times for ambulatory knee arthroscopy [20].

Anatomical context of Arthroscopy

• Production of IL-1 by RA synovium correlated well with findings of inflammation on arthroscopy and HLA-DR expression in immunohistochemical staining [21].
• Stratifying data in therapeutic versus diagnostic arthroscopy indicated additional effect of morphine in patients undergoing therapy (P < 0.1), an aspect supporting the hypothesis of peripherally administered morphine as a potential suppressor of the substance P-mediated cytokine cascade and the peripheral leukocyte activity [22].
• The activity of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes was determined in knee joint synovial fluid from 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, nine patients with reactive arthritides, and from 17 patients before arthroscopy or arthrotomy for suspected meniscal or ligament injury (controls) [23].
• During arthroscopy, care should be taken not to confuse the asymptomatic complete type of discoid lateral meniscus with the Wrisberg-ligament type [24].
• Whitish intraarticular deposits, presumably representing urate tophi, were noted during right knee arthroscopy for a posterior cruciate ligament tear [25].

Associations of Arthroscopy with chemical compounds

• Of three discoid menisci seen to be torn at arthroscopy, two were seen to be torn at MR imaging [26].
• We have in a recent study demonstrated that pethidine could be an interesting alternative to prilocaine in arthroscopy with local anaesthetic technique [27].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight shoulders with labral diagnoses proved with arthroscopy or open surgery were prospectively examined with MR arthrography after intraarticular injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine [28].
• The combination of intraarticular morphine and bupivacaine has been suggested as an ideal analgesic after knee arthroscopy [29].
• CONCLUSIONS: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with a 40-mg initial intrathecal dose of lidocaine provided reliable anesthesia for knee arthroscopy [30].

Gene context of Arthroscopy

• In 20 knee samples of series I of patients who received arthroscopy (series II), we examined the amounts of MMP-2 and 9 in effusions and serial synovial organ cultures [31].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: Synovial specimens obtained from patients with ID (31 patients), osteoarthritis (11 patients), and condylar fractures of the mandible (5 patients) during arthroscopy were examined immunohistochemically using antibodies against CD68, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Fas, and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) [32].
• METHODS: Synovial biopsy specimens were obtained by arthroscopy from patients with RA and disease controls for immunohistological analysis using a monoclonal antibody specific for IFNbeta [33].
• All 18 of these patients were clinically suspected of having meniscal damage; however, only partial and complete ACL tears were found at arthroscopy [34].
• Arthroscopy was performed using the anterior midline approach [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Arthroscopy

• Postoperative analgesia by intra-articular neostigmine in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy [36].
• CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of TNS is greater with 2% lidocaine than with 1.5% mepivacaine for patients having unilateral knee arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia [37].
• OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of intra-articular steroid injections following arthroscopy and joint lavage in symptomatic OA of the knee [38].
• IMPLICATIONS: We report a case of possible bupivacaine toxicity after intraarticular injection during knee arthroscopy [39].
• Forty-five patients were evaluated during knee arthroscopy performed using local anesthesia produced by lidocaine with epinephrine to determine the dose-response relationship for operative analgesia [40].

References