Disease relevance of Volatilization

• (The absence of a merR regulatory gene in the cloned Thiobacillus mer determinant provides a basis for the constitutive synthesis of this system.) In the absence of the Thiobacillus merC transport gene, the mercury volatilization activity was cryptic and was not seen with whole cells but only with sonication-disrupted cells [1].
• The procedures have included neosalpingostomy, tubal reanastomosis, vaporization of adhesions, and removal of endometriosis [2].
• Contrary to commonly used pesticides, the rate of volatilization of extremely toxic chemicals such as the nerve agent O-ethyl S-2-(N,N-diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothiolate (VX) cannot be readily obtained under environmental conditions due to its high mammalian toxicity that would require extraordinary precautions [3].
• Clinically silent malignant tumor recurrence or metastasis can be treated by laser resection or vaporization as well as by a second-look procedure suggested by an increasing level of carcinoembryonic antigen [4].
• However, vaporization of papilloma with the CO2 laser exposes the patient and staff to a potentially infective plume [5].

High impact information on Volatilization

• Impact processes on the martian surface can produce both the hot, CO2-rich fluid (by volatilization of surface carbonates or other CO2 sources) and--by brecciation--the condults through which it flowed [6].
• The heat of Me(2)CO adsorption (DeltaH(ad) = -25 kJ/mol) is obtained from the temperature dependence of threshold pressure (P(th)), which is close to acetone vaporization enthalpy (DeltaH(vap) = 30.99 kJ/mol) [7].
• Se volatilization by Indian mustard accounted for only 0.7% (w/v) of the SeCN(-) removed, likely because the biochemical steps in the production of dimethylselenide from organic Se were rate limiting [8].
• Only 10% to 18% of urea N applied was lost (presumably because of NH(3) volatilization) in contrast to far greater losses reported in several other studies [9].
• Selenium assimilation and volatilization from selenocyanate-treated Indian mustard and muskgrass [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Volatilization

• CO2 laser was used for vaporization and excision of endometriosis [10].
• Carbon dioxide laser excision and vaporization of nonplunging ranulas: a comparison of two treatment protocols [11].
• The effects of open prostatectomy, transurethral resection, transurethral vaporization, doxazosin and finasteride on sexual functions of men were investigated in a total of 305 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia [12].

Biological context of Volatilization

• Despite these disadvantages, ozone decontamination was demonstrated to be superior to formaldehyde vaporization because of convenience, insignificant inhalation of the disinfectant by the hospital staff, and very rapid expulsion of the gas after ventilation [13].
• An inhibitor of gluconeogenesis, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid (3 microM) prevented volatilization [14].
• merA gene expression in aquatic environments measured by mRNA production and Hg(II) volatilization [15].
• The surprising finding of trimethylselenonium-like species in adult parasitoids and the cocoons from which they emerged suggests that adults and pharates can detoxify excess selenium through methylation and volatilization [16].
• The volatilization of analytes was carried out via their hydrogenation with sodium borohydride-nickel(II) chloride [17].

Anatomical context of Volatilization

• STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A continuous-wave, 110-W Thulium fiber laser operating at a wavelength of 1.91 microm, delivered 88.5+/-2.3 W of power through a 600-microm-core silica fiber for non-contact vaporization of canine prostates (n = 6) [18].
• Lack of volatilization and escape of orally administered trichloroethylene from the gastrointestinal tract of rats [19].
• The lesion, being located close to the exit zone of the trigeminal nerve, could be removed totally with incision of the brain stem and atraumatic vaporization of the tumor tissue with the CO2 laser [20].
• MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1988 to 1998, 3,078 women were treated for an intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix (SIL) by laser CO2 either by vaporization or conization [21].
• Flexible fiber-directed lasers, such as the potassium-titanyl phosphate laser, can be used with the tracheoscope for laser resection or vaporization of diseased tissue from just below the vocal cords to any level within the trachea [22].

Associations of Volatilization with chemical compounds

• Condensation and vaporization studies of CH3OH and NH3 ices: major implications for astrochemistry [23].
• No significant catabolic losses of monoterpenes were detected throughout leaf development, and monoterpene volatilization was found to occur at a very low rate, which, on a monthly basis, represented less than 1% of the total pool of stored monoterpenes [24].
• Both appear to inhibit Se volatilization by reacting with the selenide product(s) [25].
• To achieve this goal, a solid sample is inserted into a graphite furnace of the boat-in-tube type and is subsequently submitted to an appropriate temperature program, leading to the separate vaporization of methylmercury and inorganic mercury, which are transported into the ICP by means of an argon carrier gas [26].
• Development of a method for dioxin analysis of small serum samples with reduced risk of volatilization [27].

Gene context of Volatilization

• Induction experiments and mercury volatilization studies demonstrate an enhancing but non-essential role for these merA-distal coding sequences in mercury resistance and volatilization [28].
• The merA mutant exhibited mercury sensitivity relative to wild type and was defective in elemental mercury volatilization, while the merR mutant was mercury resistant [29].
• The CE-FHF-AAS interface integrated the superiorities of stable CE separation, complete sample introduction, and continuous vaporization for AAS detection without the need of extra external heat sources and any post-column derivation steps [30].
• A concentration of arsenite (0.1 mM) which does not inhibit glutathione reductase inhibited selenide volatilization, as did bovine serum albumin (1.67 mg/ml) [25].
• Vaporization of materials occurs in the hot nitrogen gas stream flowing from an ESI or APCI probe [31].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Volatilization

• In vitrectomy, temperature elevations from vitreous vaporization with an intraocular CO2 laser probe would be well below retinal damage threshold levels at distances greater than 2 mm from the center of the beam [32].
• Methylmercury was determined by volatilization separation followed by gas chromatography and by ion-exchange separation of inorganic and organic species followed by measurement by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS) [33].
• INTERVENTIONS: Vaporization and excision of endometriotic implants and nodules, ureterolysis, ureteric stents, laparoscopic anterior rectal wall resection and reanastomosis, presacral neurectomy, laparoscopic hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy and appendicectomy using the CO2 laser [34].
• Unlike that of thorium the iodine memory effect originates from adsorption of iodine compounds on nebulizer tubing surfaces and from volatilization of HI and I2 from the spray-chamber walls [35].
• Cryotherapy and CO2-laser vaporization in the treatment of cervical and vaginal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections [36].

References