Disease relevance of Cystic Duct

• In nulliparous female mice, aberrant COX-2 overexpression correlated with increased prostaglandin (PG) E(2) levels and caused cystic duct dilatations, adenosis, and fibrosis whereas carcinomas developed rarely [1].
• Causes of false-positive studies include chronic cholecystitis, cystic-duct obstruction by tumor, prolonged fasting, the nonfasting state, pancreatitis, alcoholism, parenteral hyperalimentation, and severe intercurrent illness [2].
• Monooctanoin was infused through a cholecystostomy tube to dissolve multiple gallstones and re-establish cystic duct patency in a patient who was not a candidate for surgery [3].
• Electrocoagulation by duct diathermy effectively occluded the cystic duct in 14 of 19 animals; however, this was associated with mucocele formation unless mucosal treatment with tetracycline was also performed [4].
• Judging from the lodging site of the stones, the degree of dilatation of the cystic duct, and the presence of cholecystitis, five of the cases were considered to be cholesterol stones produced in the liver [5].

High impact information on Cystic Duct

• This response was eliminated by tetrodotoxin or infiltration of the junction between the common bile duct and the cystic duct by mepivacaine, a local anesthetic [6].
• Effects of histamine receptor stimulation on diseased gallbladder and cystic duct [7].
• Of the 12 patients considered for oral ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment, two had a blocked cystic duct and were not started on UDCA while one was lost to follow up [8].
• While bile from patients with complete obstruction of the cystic duct contained significantly higher concentrations of mucus glycoprotein (6220 micrograms/ml +/- 4130, n = 4) [9].
• Forty-three of the 44 had cystic duct obstruction demonstrated on H.I.D.A. Scan (one false negative) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cystic Duct

• Physical characteristics of gallstones and the calibre of the cystic duct in patients with acute pancreatitis [11].

Biological context of Cystic Duct

• To assess the functional significance of methyl mercury reabsorption by the gallbladder, guinea pig cystic ducts were ligated, the animals were given CH3 203HgCl (10 mumol/kg iv), and body burden of 203Hg was measured over 16 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[12]
• Identification and characterization of specific binding sites for somatostatin in cytosol of bovine cystic duct mucosa [13].

Anatomical context of Cystic Duct

• There were no differences in histamine sensitivity among different regions (body, neck, and cystic duct) of the biliary system [7].
• Technetium 99m-pyridoxylideneglutamate (99mTc-PG) administered intravenously is excreted by hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi and enters the gallbladder through the cystic duct and consequently, can be used for scanning the hepatobiliary ductal system [14].
• These findings suggest that somatostatin could contribute to the regulation of the functions of the cystic duct mucosa in physiological and pathological conditions [13].
• As observed in the gallbladder epithelium, the cystic duct epithelial cells of nulliparous Syrian hamsters demonstrate morphologic changes in response to female sex steroid treatment [15].
• RESULTS: Severe complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were identified in 409 (1.04%) patients, including bile duct injury (in 0.32% of patients), postoperative cystic duct leak (0.11%), postoperative bile leak (0.20%), peritoneal abscess (0.07%), bowel injury (0.06%) and postoperative hemorrhage (0.1%) [16].

Associations of Cystic Duct with chemical compounds

• Only with complete aseptic cystic duct obstruction was cefamandole undetectable in gall bladder bile [17].
• In a single patient with cystic duct obstruction, trace gallbladder bile piperacillin levels were measured [18].
• Levels of amikacin in gallbladder wall ranged from 4.7 to 34 micrograms/g. The presence of an obstructed cystic duct did not preclude the entry of either antibiotic into gallbladder bile, and this may reflect passage of antibiotic through the gallbladder wall rather than accumulation via bile secretion [19].
• Absence of bile leakage was confirmed with methylene blue solution instilled through the cystic duct stump [20].
• From this information, four criteria were selected as indications for performing an operative cholangiogram: an abnormal common bile duct, a wide cystic duct, or elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase or bilirubin documented in the previous six months [21].

Gene context of Cystic Duct

• We report a very rare case of what appeared to be mucin-producing carcinoma of the cystic duct, and this is the forth case recorded in the English-language and Japanese literature [22].
• CCK-induced cystic duct spasm is the etiology for low EF in both CAC and CCC [23].
• RESULTS: Twelve complications consisting of six common bile duct transection/excisions (CBDTE), one CBD leak/stricture (CBDLS), and five cystic duct leaks (CDL) were identified and matched to a control group (having an uncomplicated LC) for age, sex, and institution where the LC had been completed [24].
• This gallbladder enlargement may be due to cystic duct hypoplasia or atresia, which has been reported in association with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency [25].
• BACKGROUND: The efficacy and applicability of an absorbable polydioxanone (PDS) clip for cystic duct ligation were evaluated in 297 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cystic Duct

• The cystic duct and artery were ligated with absorbable polymeric clips (experimental group) or titanium clips (control group) [27].
• Open cholecystectomy was performed and the cystic duct clipped with commercially available titanium clips [28].

References