Disease relevance of Sella Turcica

• In patients with moderate hypothyroidism and moderate enlargement of the sella turcica, T4 (2.0 micrograms/kg BW) normalized serum T4, T3, and basal TSH concentrations but failed to normalize TRH-stimulated TSH levels [1].
• The patient's insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level was elevated at 462 microg/L, whereas a magnetic resonance image of the sella turcica revealed an intra- and suprasellar lesion that was compatible with a diagnosis of pituitary adenoma [2].
• Between 1980 and 1986, 58 patients (23 women and 35 men) had coronal CT scans of the sella turcica for suspected growth hormone-secreting adenoma and underwent transsphenoidal exploration [3].
• Hyperprolactinemia, hypogonadotropinism, and subnormal plasma testosterone were found in a 65-year-old patient who had an enlarged sella turcica, complained of fatigue, and addmitted to decreased sexual interest and potency [4].
• The present case details a young woman with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, elevated serum hPRL, and roentgenographic evidence of an enlarged sella turcica [5].

High impact information on Sella Turcica

• Radiological findings of an enlarged sella turcica with displacement of the pituitary stalk were considered consistent with a prolactin macroadenoma [6].
• Thus, at the present time, metrizamide cisternography (especially in conjunction with CT scanning) appears useful in evaluating an enlarged sella turcica, particularly when considering an entity such as ESS [7].
• Postpartum, her evaluation included normal thyroid function studies, a normal thyroid-stimulating hormone response to protirelin (thyrotropin-releasing hormone), normal serum and urine gonadotropin levels, normal serum prolactin, normal sella turcica tomograms, and a normal EMI brain scan [8].
• We conclude that 1) a large sella turcica and an enlarged pituitary anterior lobe with hyperintense enhanced signal at T1 at MRI can be suggestive of PROP1 deficiency; 2) pituitary morphology can change during follow-up of patients with PROP1 gene mutation; and 3) hormonal deficiencies could include the adrenal axis [9].
• Of these 16 patients, 4 had a normal sella turcica (ST; group STO), 4 had a slight enlargement (group ST+), and 7 had a clear enlargement of ST (ST++) but no evidence of suprasellar extension [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sella Turcica

• CONCLUSIONS: Closure of the sella turcica with a synthetic absorbable vicryl patch, gelatin foam, and fibrin glue after transsphenoidal surgery is safe and very effective in preventing postoperative CSF fistulas [11].
• Nomifensine test does not differentiate hyperprolactinemia associated with and without radiologic abnormalities in the sella turcica [12].
• Additionally, one patient internal carotid artery thrombosis, one patient had erosion of the planum sphenoidale, and a third patient had erosion to the brainstem inferior to the sella turcica [13].
• The different responses of the adenohypophyseal hormones to MCP in hyperprolactinemic women with various radiological findings on the sella turcica may be explained by the difference in the hypothalamic dopamine activity and in the impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary system due to pituitary tumor [14].
• We wish to add an extremely rare case of a solitary, large, invasive neurofibroma of the sixth cranial nerve extensively destroying the sella turcica in the skull base and causing inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in a 44-year-old black man in the absence of neurofibromatosis [15].

Biological context of Sella Turcica

• From October 2001 to the end of November 2002 in Department of Neurosurgery, Silesian University School of Medicine in Katowice 70 explorations of the sella turcica were executed using the endoscopic method [16].
• Thus, the reduction in serum PRL after pregnancy, delivery and lactation was considered to be the result of a decrease in the size of the adenoma due to adenoma enlargement over the sella turcica through the estrogen effects during pregnancy, and from impairment of pituitary circulation [17].

Anatomical context of Sella Turcica

• CONCLUSIONS: The new mutation in the VSX1 (RINX) gene described in this report results in abnormal craniofacial features, absence of the roof of the sella turcica, and anomalous development of the corneal endothelium [18].
• The addition of intrathecal metrizamide defines the degree of extension of the subarachnoid space into the sella turcica, demonstrates the relationship of surrounding structures, and differentiates the empty sella from other isodense or hypodense intrasellar lesions [19].
• Stimulation of the central ends of the cut vagus nerves or intra-arterial infusion of angiotensin II simultaneously caused an increase in the cardiodepressant activity and vasopressin concentration in the sella turcica venous blood [20].
• Thirty-one patients with pituitary tumors underwent transphenoidal operation via a unilateral, trans-nasal technique preserving the nasal septum and marsupializing the sella turcica unless CSF leak could be demonstrated [21].
• The aim of the study was to investigate whether the stimulation of the superior cervical ganglion influences the oxytocin and vasopressin release into the blood in condition of the of the sella turcica integrity [22].

Associations of Sella Turcica with chemical compounds

• Four years after irradiation, the plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration was elevated, but tomography of the sella turcica and urinary cortisol excretion remained normal [23].
• Size-adjustable titanium plate for reconstruction of the sella turcica. Technical note [24].
• Sella turcica tomography, base line serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone, T4, plasma cortisol levels, and the growth hormone reserve were normal in all patients [25].
• These studies included polytomography of the sella turcica; dynamic pituitary testing of growth hormone reserve, adrenocorticotropic hormone reserve, and gonadotropin reserve; and prolactin suppression with L-dopa [26].
• Between 1980 and 1985, 35 patients (26 women and nine men) who had coronal CT scans of the sella turcica for suspected ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma underwent transsphenoidal exploration [27].

Gene context of Sella Turcica

• All patients were grouped according to normal or elevated serum PRL, and normal, equivocal, or abnormal findings by tomography of the sella turcica [28].
• In patients with hyperprolactinaemia and normal-sized sella turcica, an abnormal GH and TSH response to TRH can be helpful in the diagnosis of a microadenoma [29].
• An intravenous bolus of 500 micrograms of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was used to test prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) responses in normoprolactinemic patients and in hyperprolactinemic patients with normal and abnormal sella turcica [30].
• ACTH deficiency and TSH hypersecretion in a patient with empty sella turcica [31].
• Three uncommon findings were observed in a case of Cushing's disease due to macroadenoma: no suppression of plasma ACTH during an 8-mg dexamethasone test, a negative corticotropin-releasing factor test, and a normal X-ray of the sella turcica [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sella Turcica

• Phlebography of the sella turcica by a trans-sphenoidal technique. Pilot experiments in cadavers [33].
• All three frameless stereotaxy modalities provided accurate information regarding the anatomical midline and the trajectory to the sella turcica [34].
• Excessively elevated plasma ACTH concentrations and radiological evidence of sella turcica deformation led to the diagnosis of ACTH-producing adenomas and prompted their removal by transsphenoidal microsurgery [35].

References