Disease relevance of Glycol methacrylate gel

• For aneurysms with a well-defined neck, the balloon is placed directly into the aneurysm, inflated with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate for permanent solidification, and detached [1].
• The stimuli included: (1) a silicone contact lens; (2) a silicone contact lens in combination with anoxia; (3) anoxia alone; (4) a thick hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) contact lens; and (5) a gas mixture of 9.8% carbon dioxide, 20.5% oxygen, and the balance nitrogen [2].
• 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) is a known causal agent of hypersensitivity to resin composites [3].
• Development of improved hydrogels for soft intraocular lenses, based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer, requires the use of various other monomers and polymerization additives which have potential ocular toxicity [4].
• Combined with fixation by 4% formaldehyde, dehydration with GMA was found to give the best preservation of Ia antigenicity, followed by dehydration with ethylene glycol [5].

High impact information on Glycol methacrylate gel

• In ultrathin sections of GMA- or Araldite-embedded medullae incubated with colloidal iron according to various techniques, the cell coat and lysosomes of both cell types were stained, unlike all the other cytoplasmic organelles [6].
• Localization of TGF/beta 1 protein to intact alpha-granules of megakaryocytes, its putative storage site, was accomplished in glycol-methacrylate embedded porcine BM with an immunoperoxidase technique and light microscopy [7].
• In an initial report (Carbonetto, S. T., M. M. Gruver, and D. C. Turner (1982) Science 216: 897-899) we described the use of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) in preparing defined culture substrates for studying nerve fiber growth [8].
• Digestion of ultra-thin sections of erythrocytes embedded in the hydrophilic resin glycol methacrylate (GMA) has shown that the major component of the amorphous region is a rather acidic protein that is not haemoglobin, the most abundant protein in the erythrocyte [9].
• A morphometric analysis of motor neurons in the spinal cord was performed on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-embedded tissue from ten wst/wst mice, ten littermates (wst/+, +/+) without clinical deficits, and ten parental (+/+) control mice [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Glycol methacrylate gel

• To detect cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis, we suggest that patients working with dental prostheses should be patch tested with MMA, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, dimethacrylates, epoxy acrylates and urethane acrylates [11].
• 2 of these components gave allergic reactions: triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) [12].
• After dehydration, the blocks were embedded in a modified mixture of glycol methacrylate (GMA), Quetol 523, methyl methacrylate (MMA) and QCU-1 [13].
• Effect of methotrexate sorbed on modified 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate carriers in mice of C3H strain with a solid Gardner lymphosarcoma [14].

Biological context of Glycol methacrylate gel

• The GSTM1 genotype was clearly the most significant parameter explaining the variance in urinary PHEMA excretion (6-fold lower in GSTM1 null subjects; P < 0.0001) so that systematic GSTM1 genotyping should be recommended routinely for a correct interpretation of PHEMA urinary levels [15].
• Differential adhesive conditions were established by precoating the plastic plates with poly (2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) that allowed an accurate and reproducible control of cell shape, from flat to spherical [16].
• Resin monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is a potent inducer of apoptotic cell death in human and mouse cells [17].
• It has been shown that NF-kappaB is activated probably to counteract HEMA-induced apoptosis [18].
• A method employing fluorescent 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer particles with dinitrophenyl haptenic group and anti-haptenic murine monoclonal antibodies of different isotypes is described for tracing Fc-receptors and for studies of phagocytosis via these cell surface structures [19].

Anatomical context of Glycol methacrylate gel

• Modification of capillary electrophoresis (CE) capillaries by poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(HEMA), poly(diethylene glycol monomethacrylate) (poly(DEGMA) and poly(triethylene glycol monomethacrylate) (poly(TEGMA), was studied [20].
• The thick HEMA lens produced changes in both the appearance of the endothelium and corneal thickness [2].
• An FT-Raman spectroscopic investigation of dentin and collagen surfaces modified by 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate [21].
• Histochemistry on glycol-methacrylate embedded human bone marrow biopsies. A new method and first evaluations [22].
• Cellular infiltrate was measured by immunocytochemical identification of neutrophils, eosinophils and T-lymphocytes in glycol-methacrylate-embedded sections [23].

Associations of Glycol methacrylate gel with other chemical compounds

• In vitro microdialysis glucose sampling was used to test the transient and steady-state suitability of antifouling hydrogel coatings, composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidinone, and poly(ethylene glycol) [24].
• Porous monolithic polymers have been prepared by photoinitiated polymerization of mixtures consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene dimethacrylate, UV-sensitive free radical initiator and porogenic solvent within channels of specifically designed microfluidic chips and used as micromixers [25].
• In the case of resin composite restorations, HEMA and TEGDMA are available in microgram quantities via the salivary surface in the minutes and hours after clinical placement and via dentin and pulp in the hours and days after placement [26].
• Bonding procedures were carried out by means of an aqueous solution of 20% 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phenyl phosphoric acid (phenyl-P) and 30% 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, referred to as 2OP-30H, a "self-etching primer". The 20P-30H solution was applied to "intact" dentin (i.e., non-demineralized) for either 30 or 60 s [27].
• Our findings provide evidence for the induction of micronuclei by TEGDMA, HEMA, and GMA under physiological conditions, indicating clastogenic activity of these chemicals in vitro [28].

Gene context of Glycol methacrylate gel

• The excretion of specific mercapturic acids (PHEMA) in workers exposed to styrene has clearly been shown to depend on GSTM1 genotype, and GSTT1 genotype seems to modulate the excretion of one PHEMA diastereoisomer [29].
• RESULTS: At 1 week, significantly more fibronectin was bound to the hydrophobic acrylate IOLs than to the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) containing hydrophilic acrylate IOLs (P <.05 to.0001) [30].
• DC were hapten-derivatized with nickel sulphate (Ni) or 2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate (HEMA), followed by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced maturation, before autologous T cells and a cytokine cocktail of IL-1beta, IL-2 and IL-7 were added [31].
• In decalcified (5% nitric acid) and undecalcified (glycol-methacrylate or resin embedded) routinely processed bone specimens osteoclasts against resorbing surfaces were identified with monoclonal antibodies directed against leucocyte common antigen (LCA) (PD7/26, 2B11), CD68 (KP1), and gpIIIa (Y2/51) but not against HLA-DR (CR3/43 and Ta11B5) [32].
• In order to minimize these unfavorable contributions, less lipophilic monoliths were developed by copolymerization of different amounts of the hydrophilic monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with GMA and EDMA, leading to GMA-co-HEMA-co-EDMA-terpolymeric monoliths [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Glycol methacrylate gel

• A simplified three-step plastic embedding system using acetone-fixed tissues embedded in glycol-methacrylate (GMA) resin has been found to provide both excellent morphologic and antigenic preservation [34].
• To determine whether thrombin can activate MKs, 14-day MK cultures were incubated with thrombin for 5 minutes, and cells were studied by electron microscopy, either by standard techniques or after embedding in glycol-methacrylate for immunoelectron microscopy [35].
• Isolated cardiocytes from 16-24 wk abortuses were rendered apoptotic by exposure to poly (2-) hydroxyethylmethacrylate; flow cytometry confirmed surface expression of Ro/La [36].
• Functional polymeric microspheres based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate for immunochemical studies [37].
• Four PHEMA diastereoisomers, namely (R,R)-M1, (S,R)-M1, (S,R)-M2, and (R,R)-M2, were determined by HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry [38].

References