Disease relevance of acrylic acid

• Duct obstruction with an acrylate glue for treatment of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis [1].
• BACKGROUND: Allergic contact dermatitis caused by acrylate compounds is common in dental personnel; they also often complain of work-related respiratory or conjunctival symptoms [2].
• Relationship between the time of sustained ethyl acrylate forestomach hyperplasia and carcinogenicity [3].
• Occlusion of arteriovenous malformations of the brain (BAVMs) by means of an endovascular approach with liquid acrylate glue is an established treatment modality [4].
• When propane-grown cells of Mycobacterium convulutum were placed on propylene, acrylate, the terminally oxidized, three-carbon unsaturated acid, accumulated [5].

Psychiatry related information on acrylic acid

• [reaction: see text] In homogeneous H(2)O/solvent medium, the reaction rate of aromatic aldehydes and acrylonitrile or acrylate was greatly accelerated, which led to shorter reaction time, lower reaction temperature, and higher yield [6].
• The reaction conversion for different VA concentrations was greater than 57% after 96 h at 50 degrees C. The degree of substitution (DS, defined as the amount of acrylate groups per 100 inulin fructofuranoside residues) with acrylate moieties can be controlled by varying the molar ratio of VA to inulin [7].
• Four-hour daily exposures (excluding weekends) of young adult male rats to 110 ppm methyl acrylate in air over a period of 32 d failed to produce significant differences in body or tissue weights, blood chemistries, gross metabolic performance, and spontaneous small-intestinal motor activities when compared with a sham-exposed group [8].

High impact information on acrylic acid

• Here we report results that, together with those in the literature, show that DMSP and its breakdown products (DMS, acrylate, dimethylsulphoxide, and methane sulphinic acid) readily scavenge hydroxyl radicals and other reactive oxygen species, and thus may serve as an antioxidant system, regulated in part by enzymatic cleavage of DMSP [9].
• Postgrafting hydrolysis of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) arms imparts amphiphilicity to the brush [10].
• In the real systems the 2,1-insertion of acrylate is preferred by 0.5 kcal/mol [11].
• It was thus demonstrated that the use of hexyl acrylate rather than butyl acrylate and lauryl methacrylate gives highly efficient monoliths (more than 300 000 plates per meter) with optimized EOF [12].
• Grafting times of 30 and 60 s for AMPS and butyl acrylate, respectively, enabled the preparation of a monolith with full shielding of the analytes from the ionizable functionalities and excellent chromatographic performance [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of acrylic acid

• Like the dehydration of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate to glutaconate the dehydration of (R)-lactate to acrylate was inhibited by 1 mM hydroxylamine, 1mM azide, 0.1 mM dinitrophenol, 10 mM EDTA or by exposure to air [14].
• Gavage administration of equimolar doses (2 mmol/kg) of methyl or ethyl acrylate in corn oil resulted in profound gastric toxicity in male F344 rats, while acrylic acid and n-butyl acrylate were without effect [15].
• Clostridium neopropionicum was shown to ferment ethanol into propionate by the acrylate, non-randomizing pathway [16].
• Clostridium neopropionicum sp. nov., a strict anaerobic bacterium fermenting ethanol to propionate through acrylate pathway [17].
• Six compounds, the acrylate (IV), 3,3-dimethyl acrylate (V), phenoxyacetate (IX), and ethyl adipate (XI) of I as well as podophyllol (XIV) and tetrahydropyranyl podophyllol dimesylate (XVIII), showed significant activity when tested using the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia screen at 3 mg/kg/day [18].

Biological context of acrylic acid

• Catalytic reduction of the pyridine to the piperidine followed by treatment with ethyl acrylate and Dieckmann cyclization gave diastereomeric mixtures of C(8) substituted 3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy-1-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-enes, which were separable by chromatography [19].
• Environment-controlled scanning force microscopy allowed us to study adsorption and desorption of single poly(methacrylate)-graft-poly(n-butyl acrylate) brush molecules on mica in real time [20].
• No metabolites which would arise from a possible metabolic activation of 1-butyl acrylate to 1-butyl oxiranecarboxylate and its subsequent hydrolysis or glutathione conjugation were found [21].
• Acrylamide was rapidly deamidated to acrylate by strain Ac1, and the subsequent degradation of acrylate was the rate-limiting reaction in cell growth [22].
• Each acrylate was represented by eight descriptors calculated from the molecular structure [23].

Anatomical context of acrylic acid

• N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (acryl-DMA) was synthesized as a tertiary nitrogen choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) inhibitor which would be able to penetrate biological membranes to inhibit ChAc in the nerve terminal [24].
• Data are presented showing increased T-lymphocyte proliferation following epicutaneous application of a variety of industrially important acrylate-like chemicals which appear to correlate well with their ability to sensitize in the guinea pig [25].
• Popliteal artery occlusion as a late complication of liquid acrylate embolization for cerebral vascular malformation [4].
• Pancreatic duct obstruction with an acrylate glue: a new method for producing pancreatic exocrine atrophy [26].
• This may represent a true bioactive bond between the IOL and lens epithelial cells or between the IOL and the capsular bag and may be one reason the PCO and neodymium:YAG capsulotomy rates are lower in eyes with a soft acrylate IOL [27].

Associations of acrylic acid with other chemical compounds

• The observation that the monoquaternary alcohol results from ester hydrolysis of the monoquaternary acrylate by plasma esterase(s) explains the presence of the monoquaternary alcohol metabolite in human plasma during clinical studies with cisatracurium [28].
• Successful statistical copolymerization of an alpha-olefin (1-octene) with an acrylate (butyl acrylate, BA) and with a methacrylate (methyl methacrylate, MMA), employing reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mediated polymerization has been accomplished[29]
• 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies of [1,2,3-13C]acrylamide metabolism by actively growing cultures confirmed the rapid conversion of acrylamide to acrylate but failed to detect any subsequent intermediates of acrylate degradation [22].
• The 1CU accommodative lens was used in 20 eyes, and conventional IOLs (polymethyl methacrylate, hydrophilic or hydrophobic acrylate) were used in the control group [30].
• [Chemical reaction: see text] Time-resolved chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (TR-CIDNP) and laser flash photolysis (LFP) techniques have been used to measure rate constants for coupling between acrylate-type radicals and a series of newly synthesized stable imidazolidine N-oxyl radicals [31].

Gene context of acrylic acid

• CONCLUSIONS: This study seems to confirm the sandwich theory of posterior capsule opacification in eyes with an IOL and suggests that fibronectin may be the major extracellular protein responsible for the attachment of hydrophobic soft acrylate (AcrySof(R)) IOLs to the capsular bag [27].
• The capsular bag from 1 eye containing a soft acrylate IOL was examined for fibronectin and vitronectin [32].
• We established a quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of chimeric BCR-ABL transcripts in archival formalin-fixed bone marrow trephines, both acrylate-embedded and paraffin-embedded [33].
• Chemistry and biological activities of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, a choline acetyltransferase inhibitor [24].
• We evaluated two homogeneous immunofluorometric assays (IFMAs) of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) based on new macroporous acrylate particles combined with flow cytometry [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of acrylic acid

• BACKGROUND: The pioneering drug-delivery QuaDDS stent used four to six acrylate polymer sleeves, each loaded with 800 microg of the paclitaxel derivative 7-hexanoyltaxol [35].
• Sphingomyelinase, SMase (EC 3.1.4.12), was coupled onto amino-derivatized acrylate microspheres and was shown to retain its catalytic activity [36].
• Mildly hydrolyzed poly(AAEE) matrices still perform extremely well in both conventional isoelectric focusing and immobilized pH gradients, techniques which are quite sensitive to traces of acrylate in the polymer coil [37].
• CONCLUSION: Intraocular lenses of acrylate/methacrylate polymers had excellent surface quality [38].
• Separation and characterization of functional poly(n-butyl acrylate) by critical liquid chromatography [39].

References