Disease relevance of iodixanol

• We have purified Moloney murine leukemia virus Gag particles by sedimentation in an iodixanol gradient and donor PMs by flotation in a sucrose gradient and compared their protein compositions at equal lipid basis [1].
• Association between hepatitis C virus and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)/LDL analyzed in iodixanol density gradients [2].
• Its association with virions was confirmed by velocity sedimentation through iodixanol, which effectively separated membrane microvesicles from virus particles [3].
• A new nonionic dimeric contrast medium (CM), iodixanol, was intravenously administered to 40 healthy male volunteers in doses of 0.3-1.2 g of iodine per kilogram of body weight, nonionic monomeric iopamidol and iopentol were administered to 20 others, and the renal effects were studied up to 120 hours after administration [4].
• Fractionation of hepatoma cell lysates on iodixanol gradients showed rapid depletion of cytosolic ferritin by DFO treatment but no accumulation in lysosomes [5].

Psychiatry related information on iodixanol

• One serious adverse event occurred in the iodixanol group where a patient experienced transient cortical blindness and transitory global amnesia, but the patient recovered completely the day after the examination [6].

High impact information on iodixanol

• Importantly, P-APP cofractionates with endosome markers and BACE1 in an iodixanol gradient and displays extensive colocalization with BACE1 in rat primary cortical neurons [7].
• Iodixanol gradient analysis of membranes isolated from other cell types indicated that a substantial proportion of GLUT4 was targeted to peak 1 in skeletal muscle, whereas in CHO cells most of the GLUT4 was targeted to peak 2 [8].
• A crude intracellular membrane fraction was prepared from 3T3-L1 adipocytes and subjected to iodixanol equilibrium sedimentation analysis [8].
• Contractile vacuole bladders were isolated by subcellular fractionation in iodixanol gradients, showed a high concentration of basic amino acids and inorganic phosphate, and were able to transport protons in the presence of ATP or pyrophosphate [9].
• Purification of the electron-dense vacuoles using iodixanol density gradients indicated a preferential localization of the H(+)-PPase and the V-H(+)-ATPase activities in addition to high concentrations of PP(i) and short and long chain polyphosphate, but lack of markers for mitochondria and chloroplasts [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of iodixanol

• The cellular localisation of time- and temperature-dependent 125I-insulin binding, insulin-sensitive signalling proteins and the insulin-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation cascade were assessed in subcellular fractions isolated on Iodixanol gradients from control and insulin-treated H35 hepatoma cells [11].
• PURPOSE: To experimentally evaluate gadolinium (Gd)-, carbon dioxide (CO(2))-, and iodixanol-enhanced digital subtraction angiography (DSA) versus histomorphometry in the assessment of renal artery stenosis [12].
• Sixteen nondiabetic patients with predialytic chronic renal failure received either the nonionic dimeric contrast medium iodixanol or the monomeric contrast medium iohexol in a double-blind randomized study [13].
• CONCLUSIONS: The risk of ventricular fibrillation during long-lasting contrast media exposure to the myocardium, as in a wedged catheter situation, appears to be much lower with iodixanol compared with ioxaglate and also lower than when using iotrolan [14].
• Adding sodium and calcium ions to iodixanol and mannitol: effects on risk of ventricular fibrillation after infusion into the left coronary artery of pigs [15].

Biological context of iodixanol

• Cells that were inverted or reoriented to the horizontal displayed distinct negative gravitropism in solutions of iodixanol with densities of 1.052 to 1.320 as well as in bovine serum albumin solutions with densities of 1.037 to 1.184 g cm(-3) [16].
• We show that injection of rAAV derived from an Iodixanol gradient can be used for in vivo gene transfer applications in the brain and spinal cord without detectable cytopathic effects and directing stable transgene expression for at least 2 months [17].
• In conclusion, the CM ioxaglate and iodixanol attenuate platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte cross-talk [18].
• 5. We conclude that iohexol- and iodixanol-induced vasorelaxation in rabbit aorta is mediated through a direct action on vascular smooth muscle that is not simply a consequence of altered osmolality [19].
• Human pharmacokinetics of iodixanol [20].

Anatomical context of iodixanol

• Indeed, pharmacodynamic studies indicate that iodixanol has fewer cardiovascular effects, causes less renal damage and is associated with similar or smaller changes to the blood-brain barrier and neurological function when compared with nondimeric nonionic contrast media [21].
• The endoplasmic reticulum was isolated from livers and separated into subfractions by centrifugation in self-generating iodixanol gradients [22].
• In order to do this, we have developed a new method for the separation of ER-derived microsomes on self-generated gradients of iodixanol [23].
• These strategies included ductal injection with trypsin inhibitor for protection of pancreatic ducts, ET-Kyoto solution for pancreas preservation, and Iodixanol for islet purification [24].
• RESULTS: Iodixanol increased average attenuation by 7 HU (P <.05) in the lower extremities and decreased average attenuation by 42 HU (P <.05) in the pulmonary arteries [25].

Associations of iodixanol with other chemical compounds

• By means of velocity centrifugation in sucrose gradients, equilibrium density centrifugation in iodixanol gradients, and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, we determined that LPL and leptin were localized in different membrane structures [26].
• As an alternative to CsCl we have investigated the use of Iodixanol, an X-ray contrast solution, as the density-gradient medium [17].
• We report here several novel purification strategies that involve the use of non-ionic iodixanol gradients followed by ion exchange or heparin affinity chromatography by either conventional or HPLC columns [27].
• PURPOSE: To prospectively compare the vascular attenuation achieved with the iso-osmolar dimeric contrast agent iodixanol with that achieved with the nonionic monomeric contrast agent iohexol for computed tomographic (CT) venography after CT pulmonary angiography [25].
• Distribution of liposome-encapsulated iodixanol in rat liver cells [28].

Gene context of iodixanol

• When the CT-related reductase activity was assayed in subcellular fractions of PNS-derived membranes isolated on a 9-30% Iodixanol gradient, the activity, as measured by CT-A1 peptide formation localized to those fractions containing PDI [29].
• Iodixanol gradient centrifugation showed VAMP7 to be isodense with ER and endosomes [30].
• Purification of recombinant adeno-associated virus by iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation allows rapid and reproducible preparation of vector stocks for gene transfer in the nervous system [17].
• Following fractionation of the small membrane pellet on an iodixanol density gradient, the gene 1 proteins p28 and helicase cofractionated with dense membranes (1.12 to 1.13 g/ml) that also contained peak concentrations of N [31].
• The lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase increased more with the monomeric CM than with iodixanol [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of iodixanol

• The mass-dense granules of Dictyostelium discoideum were shown to contain large amounts of phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium, as determined by x-ray microanalysis, either in situ or when purified using iodixanol gradient centrifugation [32].
• Iodixanol in excretory urography: initial clinical experience with a nonionic, dimeric (ratio 6:1) contrast medium. Work in progress [33].
• This report presents novel methodology for the separation of sdLDL by a combination of iodixanol density gradient centrifugation and digital photography [34].
• At infusion rates of 0.1 and 0.3 ml/min, the low-osmolar ionic CM ioxaglate reduced both platelet and fibrin deposition on the stents by 75-80% (p <0.005), while both iohexol and iodixanol reduced platelet deposition by 30-50% (p <0.05) [35].
• In clinical trials, iodixanol had a similar tolerability profile to other nonionic contrast media but induced fewer adverse events than ioxaglate [21].

References