Disease relevance of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative in the treatment of superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder [1].
• A novel mechanism for the generation of superoxide anions in hematoporphyrin derivative-mediated cutaneous photosensitization. Activation of the xanthine oxidase pathway [2].
• Phase III trials in esophageal cancer and lung cancer are in progress and will help in evaluation of whether Photofrin II, the most widely used sensitizer, can be added to the oncologic armamentarium, pending approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration [3].
• The results indicate that human xenograft melanotic melanoma, despite the fact that it contains more HpD than does amelanotic melanoma, is far less responsive to PDT [4].
• Dunning R3327-AT prostate carcinomas growing in Fischer X Copenhagen rats were treated with interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT--15 mg/kg Photofrin II 4 hours before illumination with 630-nm light via four parallelly implanted optical fibers) at different light intensities [5].

High impact information on HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• However, at a total light dose of 20 J/cm2, the tumors that received Photofrin II exhibited 60-80% tumor necrosis, whereas those animals that received Photofrin had only small areas of patchy necrosis associated with signs of vascular thrombosis and hemorrhage into the surrounding perivascular stroma [6].
• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 have been inactivated in vitro using low concentrations of methylene blue (MB), light (lambda) plus electricity (E), or hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) plus lambda [7].
• Photoradiation, with the use of hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd) activated by visible light in the red region of the spectrum, was an effective treatment for controlling local and regional chest wall recurrences of breast carcinoma [8].
• The data show that BOPP is more dose effective in vivo by a factor of 10 than the current clinically used photosensitizer hematoporphyrin derivative and suggest that BOPP may have potential as a dual PDT/BNCT sensitizer [9].
• Uptake of hematoporphyrin derivative by valvular vegetations in experimental infective endocarditis [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Hematoporphyrin derivative-induced photosensitivity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and selected cytosolic enzymes of R3230AC mammary adenocarcinomas of rats [11].
• Photosensitization of differentiating Friend erythroleukemic cells by hematoporphyrin derivative and the cholesterol effect [12].
• We have examined the in vitro effect of preactivated photofrin-II and tamoxifen in retroperitoneal fibroma, pseudomyxoma and male breast carcinoma cell lines [13].
• Verteporfin, photofrin II, and merocyanine 540 as PDT photosensitizers against melanoma cells [14].
• We evaluated the effect of photoradiation therapy using the photosensitizer, hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD), and the argon-pumped rhodamine dye laser tuned to 630 nm in the rat C6 glioma model [15].

Biological context of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Clonogenic cell survival curves were generated for cells treated for 2 h with 25 micrograms/ml of Photofrin II followed by exposure to light delivered at 0.3, 0.15, 0.075, or 0.0375 milliwatts/cm2 [16].
• Preparation of the tumor-localizing preparation called hematoporphyrin derivative involves a two-step reaction wherein hematoporphyrin is acetylated and the reaction product subjected to alkaline hydrolysis [17].
• Hepatic microsomes prepared from rats pretreated with hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) undergo rapid enhancement of lipid peroxidation in the presence of solar radiation (approximately 400 nm) [18].
• The HPD not followed by laser irradiation had no effect on the cell growth rate [19].
• The hematoporphyrin derivative incubation and photosensitization conditions used in this study did induce sister chromatid exchanges at frequencies comparable to those induced by X-rays but at lower frequencies than for UV treatments [20].

Anatomical context of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Several in vitro cell systems were exposed to hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD): established lines of rat kangaroo epithelial kidney; normal mouse embryonic fibroblasts; and differentiated neonatal rat myocardial cells [21].
• The photosensitizing activity of hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) was investigated by studying selected enzymes localized to mitochondria and cytosol of R3230AC mammary adenocarcinomas [11].
• Photosensitization of liposomal membranes by hematoporphyrin derivative [22].
• Photosensitizing effects of hematoporphyrin derivative and photofrin II on the plasma membrane enzymes 5'-nucleotidase, Na+K+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase in R3230AC mammary adenocarcinomas [23].
• At all times, the tumor:colon mucosa ratio at different doses for HPD approached 1 and for UROP I was infinity [24].

Associations of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE with other chemical compounds

• Since then, the generation of biologically active molecules in vitro by preactivation has been validated using a variety of chromophores, such as merocyanine 540, Photofrin II, and naphthalimide [25].
• The injection of hematoporphyrin derivative (5 mg/kg i.v.) followed 24 hr later by a neodymium-yttrium aluminium garnet laser irradiation shows the destruction of CX1 tumors grafted on nude mice [26].
• The effects of hematoporphyrin derivative plus photoradiation were examined in the presence of oligomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, or iodoacetate, an inhibitor of glycolysis, experiments designed to elucidate the site of action leading to reduced ATP levels [27].
• The putative tumor-localizing and -photosensitizing fraction of hematoporphyrin derivative, the fastest migrating fraction of hematoporphyrin derivative separated by polyacrylamide gel filtration (HPD-A), photosensitized lipid peroxidation and membrane lysis in egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes [22].
• To compare in vitro with in vivo hematoporphyrin derivative uptake by plaques, the fluorescence of three types of arterial lesions (induced by a high cholesterol diet, catheters or balloon injury) was studied in 16 New Zealand White rabbits [28].

Gene context of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Moreover, Photofrin II and hemin significantly increased production of TNFalpha and IFNgamma even in the absence of mitogen [29].
• The ability of glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) to catalyze the reductive inactivation of photochemically-generated lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) was investigated, using hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) as a photosensitizing agent and erythrocyte ghosts as membrane targets [30].
• Albino, Swiss-Webster mice (female 122-25 g, 5 mice per group) were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with incremental doses of HPD (Photofrin II, Photofrin Medical, Inc.) (1, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg) [31].
• Higher doses of Photofrin II had no further effect on AK activity [32].
• Photosensitization of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase by hematoporphyrin derivative and related porphyrins in vitro and in vivo [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

• Photodynamic therapy involves light-induced destruction of tumors containing a photosensitizer such as hematoporphyrin derivative [1].
• Tumor cell killing utilizing hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) phototherapy was studied in a murine tumor model to assess the relative importance of intratumor temperature in causing the tumoricidal effect [34].
• Control groups received either no treatment, hematoporphyrin derivative only, or light only [35].
• The four main fractions of hematoporphyrin derivative were separated by high-pressure liquid chromatography [36].
• A side by side comparison of hematoporphyrin derivative with hematoporphyrin, using this in vivo-in vitro experimental protocol, indicated that photosensitivity was retained for a longer time after treatment with hematoporphyrin derivative [33].

References