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Chemical Compound Review

Magister     2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]- 4,4-dimethyl-1...

Synonyms: Clomazone, Command, Dimethazone, Gamit, SureCN23519, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of Command

 

Psychiatry related information on Command

  • BACKGROUND: Command hallucinations are a distressing and high-risk group of symptoms that have long been recognised but little understood, with few effective treatments [5].
  • In 1992, Forces Command had 42 Child Development Centers on 22 installations [6].
  • Prevention strategies applicable to the military community, including Crisis Intervention Command Consultations, will be recommended [7].
  • The aim of the current paper is to specify the rationale, design and development of an Iraq War PTSD VR application that is being created from the virtual assets that were initially developed for theX-Box game entitled Full Spectrum Warrior which was inspired by a combat tactical training simulation, Full Spectrum Command [8].
 

High impact information on Command

  • Cryptocyanin, a copper-free hexameric protein in crab (Cancer magister) hemolymph, has been characterized and the amino acid sequence has been deduced from its cDNA [9].
  • In contrast, hemolymph of a more recent arthropod, the crab Cancer magister, contains both hemocyanin with weak phenoloxidase activity and another hemolymph protein with relatively strong phenoloxidase activity [10].
  • We studied hemocyanin gene expression in the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) by Northern blot analysis [11].
  • RNA was run on formaldehyde-agarose gels, blotted onto nylon membranes, and probed with 32P-labeled cDNA probes specific for C. magister adult hemocyanin [11].
  • The sequence of grasshopper PDF shows 78% homology with beta-PDH (from the crabs U. pugilator and Cancer magister) and 50% homology with alpha-PDH (from the prawn Pandalus borealis) [12].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of Command

 

Biological context of Command

 

Anatomical context of Command

  • Over a quarter of a century ago, Mykles described the presence of putative endocrine cells in the midgut epithelium of the crab Cancer magister (Mykles, 1979) [18].
  • Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) samples were collected from various pulp mill and principal harbor sites on the West Coast of Canada. Full congener PCB analysis was performed on several composite and single hepatopancreas samples from each site, and the spatial variability of PCB patterns was explored [19].
  • In addition to functional studies, we have determined the complete cDNA sequence of C. magister hemocyte prophenoloxidase and partial sequences from the branchiopods Artemia franciscana and Triops longicaudatus [20].
  • A leukemia characterized by the proliferation of undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells is described from a desert spiny lizard (Sceloporus magister) [21].
  • Within the central nervous system it appears that the HLR may be the operational site for Central Command [22].
 

Associations of Command with other chemical compounds

  • In this work, we have generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants with altered DXS and DXR enzyme levels, as estimated from their resistance to clomazone and fosmidomycin, respectively [23].
  • In the present study, we determined the effects of proctolin, F1 and F2 on the heart of the crab C. magister in both in vitro (semi-isolated heart) and in vivo (whole animal) preparations [24].
  • Maximum measured concentrations of clomazone, molinate, and thiobencarb in floodwaters were 202, 1042, and 148 mug/L, respectively, taking 18.4, 26.4, and 21.4 days to dissipate to concentrations set to protect aquatic ecosystems [25].
  • Lethal and sublethal responses to the herbicides 2,4-D, DEF, propanil, and trifluralin of various life history stages of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, were examined to estimate maximum acceptable toxicant concentrations (MATC) of each compound for this species [13].
  • Uroscopy was one of the basic diagnostic tests of the Salerno School of Medicine. The De Urinis of Magister Maurus was the work to which all urologic knowledge of the 12th and 13th centuries referred [26].
 

Gene context of Command

  • Gastrin/cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive peptides in the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister (Dana): immunochemical and biological characterization [27].
  • SARS and the Hospital Emergency Incident Command System (HEICS): outbreak management as the mother of invention [28].
  • Decapoda Crustacea molt in order to grow; some species, such as the Dungeness crab Cancer magister, achieve a very large size [15].
  • Ecdysteroids in the embryos and sera of the crabs, Cancer magister and C. anthonyi [29].
  • Clomazone significantly inhibited AChE activity in both tissues, achieving maximal inhibition of about 83% in brain and 89% in muscle tissue [30].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Command

References

  1. Ecological relationship between Vibrio parahaemolyticus and agar-digesting vibrios as evidenced by bacteriophage susceptibility patterns. Baross, J.A., Liston, J., Morita, R.Y. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (1978) [Pubmed]
  2. Does feeding limit cardiovascular modulation in the Dungeness crab Cancer magister during hypoxia? McGaw, I.J. J. Exp. Biol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Progress in development of a live-attenuated, tetravalent dengue virus vaccine by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. Innis, B.L., Eckels, K.H. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. (2003) [Pubmed]
  4. Effects of clomazone herbicide on hematological and some parameters of protein and carbohydrate metabolism of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen. Crestani, M., Menezes, C., Glusczak, L., Dos Santos Miron, D., Lazzari, R., Duarte, M.F., Morsch, V.M., Pippi, A.L., Vieira, V.P. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. (2006) [Pubmed]
  5. Cognitive therapy for command hallucinations: randomised controlled trial. Trower, P., Birchwood, M., Meaden, A., Byrne, S., Nelson, A., Ross, K. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. (2004) [Pubmed]
  6. Evaluation of health, sanitation, and nutrition in Forces Command Child Development Centers. Arday, D.R., Driggers, D.P., Brogdon, J.D., Faison, D., Hicks, J.D., Arday, S.L. Military medicine. (1994) [Pubmed]
  7. Suicide prevention in an army infantry division: a multi-disciplinary program. James, L.C., Kowalski, T.J. Military medicine. (1996) [Pubmed]
  8. Development of a VR therapy application for Iraq war military personnel with PTSD. Rizzo, A., Pair, J., McNerney, P.J., Eastlund, E., Manson, B., Gratch, J., Hill, R., Swartout, B. Studies in health technology and informatics. (2005) [Pubmed]
  9. Cryptocyanin, a crustacean molting protein: evolutionary link with arthropod hemocyanins and insect hexamerins. Terwilliger, N.B., Dangott, L., Ryan, M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1999) [Pubmed]
  10. SDS-induced phenoloxidase activity of hemocyanins from Limulus polyphemus, Eurypelma californicum, and Cancer magister. Decker, H., Ryan, M., Jaenicke, E., Terwilliger, N. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  11. Developmental changes in hemocyanin expression in the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Durstewitz, G., Terwilliger, N.B. J. Biol. Chem. (1997) [Pubmed]
  12. Primary structure of an analog of crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone from the lubber grasshopper Romalea microptera. Rao, K.R., Mohrherr, C.J., Riehm, J.P., Zahnow, C.A., Norton, S., Johnson, L., Tarr, G.E. J. Biol. Chem. (1987) [Pubmed]
  13. Toxicity of the herbicides 2,4-D, DEF, propanil and trifluralin to the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Caldwell, R.S., Buchanan, D.V., Armstrong, D.A., Mallon, M.H., Millemann, R.E. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. (1979) [Pubmed]
  14. cDNA cloning of a developmentally regulated hemocyanin subunit in the crustacean Cancer magister and phylogenetic analysis of the hemocyanin gene family. Durstewitz, G., Terwilliger, N.B. Mol. Biol. Evol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  15. Regeneration and molting effects on a proprioceptor organ in the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister. Hartman, H.B., Cooper, R.L. J. Neurobiol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  16. Microsatellite DNA markers for the study of Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) populations and cross-species amplification in the genus neotoma. Castleberry, S.B., King, T.L., Wood, P.B., Ford, W.M. Mol. Ecol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  17. Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding molt-inhibiting hormone of the crab, Cancer magister. Umphrey, H.R., Lee, K.J., Watson, R.D., Spaziani, E. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  18. Midgut epithelial endocrine cells are a rich source of the neuropeptides APSGFLGMRamide (Cancer borealis tachykinin-related peptide Ia) and GYRKPPFNGSIFamide (Gly1-SIFamide) in the crabs Cancer borealis, Cancer magister and Cancer productus. Christie, A.E., Kutz-Naber, K.K., Stemmler, E.A., Klein, A., Messinger, D.I., Goiney, C.C., Conterato, A.J., Bruns, E.A., Hsu, Y.W., Li, L., Dickinson, P.S. J. Exp. Biol. (2007) [Pubmed]
  19. PCBs in dungeness crab reflect distinct source fingerprints among harbor/industrial sites in British Columbia. Ikonomou, M.G., Fernandez, M.P., Knapp, W., Sather, P. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  20. Functional and phylogenetic analyses of phenoloxidases from brachyuran (Cancer magister) and branchiopod (Artemia franciscana, Triops longicaudatus) crustaceans. Terwilliger, N.B., Ryan, M.C. Biol. Bull. (2006) [Pubmed]
  21. A case of leukemia in the desert spiny lizard (Sceloporus magister). Goldberg, S.R., Holshuh, H.J. J. Wildl. Dis. (1991) [Pubmed]
  22. Baroreflex regulation of blood pressure during dynamic exercise. Raven, P.B., Potts, J.T., Shi, X. Exercise and sport sciences reviews. (1997) [Pubmed]
  23. Enhanced flux through the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase. Carretero-Paulet, L., Cair??, A., Botella-Pav??a, P., Besumbes, O., Campos, N., Boronat, A., Rodr??guez-Concepci??n, M. Plant Mol. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  24. Crustacean cardioexcitatory peptides may inhibit the heart in vivo. McGaw, I.J., Wilkens, J.L., McMahon, B.R., Airriess, C.N. J. Exp. Biol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  25. Field dissipation and environmental hazard assessment of clomazone, molinate, and thiobencarb in Australian rice culture. Quayle, W.C., Oliver, D.P., Zrna, S. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2006) [Pubmed]
  26. Uroscopy in the Salerno School of Medicine. Oldoni, M. American journal of nephrology. (1994) [Pubmed]
  27. Gastrin/cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive peptides in the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister (Dana): immunochemical and biological characterization. Larson, B.A., Vigna, S.R. Regul. Pept. (1983) [Pubmed]
  28. SARS and the Hospital Emergency Incident Command System (HEICS): outbreak management as the mother of invention. Jacoby, I.J. The Journal of emergency medicine. (2005) [Pubmed]
  29. Ecdysteroids in the embryos and sera of the crabs, Cancer magister and C. anthonyi. Okazaki, R.K., Chang, E.S. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  30. Effects of the herbicides clomazone, quinclorac, and metsulfuron methyl on acetylcholinesterase activity in the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) (Heptapteridae). dos Santos Miron, D., Crestani, M., Rosa Shettinger, M., Maria Morsch, V., Baldisserotto, B., Angel Tierno, M., Moraes, G., Vieira, V.L. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. (2005) [Pubmed]
  31. Biomonitoring of chemical exposure among New York City firefighters responding to the World Trade Center fire and collapse. Edelman, P., Osterloh, J., Pirkle, J., Caudill, S.P., Grainger, J., Jones, R., Blount, B., Calafat, A., Turner, W., Feldman, D., Baron, S., Bernard, B., Lushniak, B.D., Kelly, K., Prezant, D. Environ. Health Perspect. (2003) [Pubmed]
  32. Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of clomazone residues in surface water. Zanella, R., Primel, E.G., Gonçalves, F.F., Martins, A.F. Journal of chromatography. A. (2000) [Pubmed]
  33. Clearance of S-(3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl) phosphorothioate (WR-77913) in rats. Lam, T.T., Liu, D., Brody, M.A., Chu, R., Tso, M.O. Exp. Eye Res. (1991) [Pubmed]
 
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