Disease relevance of Cuprimine

• To investigate the possible relation between certain HLA antigens and toxicity during treatment with sodium aurothiomalate of D-penicillamine, we studied 91 patients with rheumatoid arthritis [1].
• A prospective trial of D-penicillamine in primary biliary cirrhosis [2].
• To investigate the effects of D-penicillamine (D-Pen) on angiogenesis, we have studied the effects of this drug on in vitro proliferation of human endothelial cells (EC) and in vivo corneal neovascularization [3].
• D-penicillamine-induced IgA deficiency in Wilson's disease [4].
• Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in D-penicillamine-associated myasthenia gravis [5].

Psychiatry related information on Cuprimine

• Use of D-penicillamine was associated with an adverse reaction in 28 cases (33%); transient leukopenia occurred in eight, rash in seven, transient platelet count depression in seven, enuresis in three, and abdominal pain in two [6].
• d-penicillamine reduces serum oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease patients [7].
• In contrast, d-penicillamine supplementation decreased both the brain copper content and locomotor activity, and enhanced the startle amplitude only in Wistar rats [8].
• Behavioral functions of Wistar and Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats, Wilson's disease animal model, were compared by measuring the open-field, acoustic startle reflex and prepulse inhibition (PPI), and shuttle-box avoidance learning tests with or without oral supplementation with copper or d-penicillamine, copper chelator [8].
• Daily treatment with d-penicillamine (d-PEN) increased the latency period for treadmill failure and lethality [9].

High impact information on Cuprimine

• Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide--a new mechanism of action for D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis [10]?
• Inhibition of human endothelial cell proliferation in vitro and neovascularization in vivo by D-penicillamine [3].
• While superoxide dismutase had no protective effect, catalase was found to protect lymphocyte responsiveness totally from the inhibitory action of D-penicillamine and either copper ions or ceruloplasmin [11].
• Since the vast majority of copper in the body exists as an integral part of the ceruloplasmin molecule, the capacity of this cuproprotein to augment D-penicillamine-mediated inhibition of T cell function was examined [11].
• By contrast, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or cells obtained from enzyme-digested noninflamed synovium could not protect T cells from the inhibitory effects of D-penicillamine and copper [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Cuprimine

• Toxic hepatitis after therapeutic doses of benorylate and D-penicillamine [12].
• Systemic autoimmune diseases can be induced experimentally in rodents by graft-versus-host or host-versus-graft reactions and by chemicals such as HgCl2, gold salts and D-penicillamine [13].
• Beneficial effect of intravenous cyclophosphamide and oral prednisone on D-penicillamine-associated bronchiolitis obliterans [14].
• It appears that methotrexate is approximately as effective as intramuscular gold and D-penicillamine but that it has a quicker onset of response and less serious toxicity [15].
• In view of promising, but uncontrolled, reports of the use of D-penicillamine in active chronic hepatitis, a randomised, prospective, controlled trial of this drug against prednisone was carried out [16].

Biological context of Cuprimine

• D-Cysteine did inhibit chemotaxis but to a lesser degree than D-penicillamine [17].
• This dicotomy of drug effect may indicate that the beneficial action of D-penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is due to the decreased chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the joint, while the absence of an effect of phagocytosis and lysosomal enzymes shows the cells can still function to ingest and destroy bacteria [17].
• 46 pregnancies in patients with cystinuria treated with a high fluid intake alone or in combination with D-penicillamine resulted in 41 normal births [18].
• Its molecular structure shares features with D-penicillamine, in that both agents contain a thiol group [19].
• We also found that the amount of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, one of oxidative DNA damage products in the liver, was decreased in the Long-Evans Cinnamon rats treated with D-penicillamine [20].

Anatomical context of Cuprimine

• The effect of D-penicillamine on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function [17].
• Monocytes, whose function was not suppressed by D-penicillamine and copper, were found to protect T lymphocyte responsiveness from the inhibitory effects of either the mixture of D-penicillamine and CuSO4 or of hydrogen peroxide [11].
• Inhibition of human helper T cell function in vitro by D-penicillamine and CuSO4 [21].
• Since a number of cells likely to be present at chronic inflammatory sites, such as mononuclear phagocytes, contain enzymatic mechanisms to degrade hydrogen peroxide, the modulatory influence of these cells on the inhibition of T cell function caused by D-penicillamine and copper was examined [11].
• It is suggested that D-penicillamine-induced myasthenia gravis is due to an independent effect of the drug on the immune system rather than to the unmasking of subclinical myasthenia gravis [22].

Associations of Cuprimine with other chemical compounds

• In a controlled study involving thirty-four patients levamisole was shown to be as effective as D-penicillamine and more effective than placebo in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [23].
• PATIENTS: Sixty-four patients with active rheumatoid arthritis who either have not responded to or who have reacted with side effects to at least parenteral gold and D-penicillamine [24].
• Clinical trials have suggested that the efficacy of bucillamine (BUC) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be superior to that of D-penicillamine (DP), although the basis of the differences remains unclear [25].
• Temporal patterns of response to D-penicillamine, hydroxychloroquine, and placebo in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients [26].
• To address these questions, we conducted an analysis of pooled raw data from 3 placebo-controlled RA trials: one of methotrexate, another of oral and injectable gold, and the third of low-dose and high-dose D-penicillamine [27].

Gene context of Cuprimine

• The antirheumatic drug D-Penicillamine, which may induce lupus-like side-effects, stimulated type 2 responses against TNP-OVA, characterized by the production of IL-4 and TNP-specific IgG1 and IgE [28].
• We studied the importance of CD40-CD154 in both responses using the reporter Ag popliteal lymph node assay in which selectively acting drugs generate clearly polarized type 1 (streptozotocin) or type 2 (D-penicillamine, diphenylhydantoin) responses to a constant coinjected Ag in the same mouse strain [29].
• A dose-dependent activation by D-penicillamine occurred in the case of G-6-PDH- and AcP-activities, a dose-dependent inhibition by D-penicillamine was found with AP- and GAPDH-activities [30].
• KE-758 and auranofin but not D-penicillamine and bucillamine significantly suppressed both TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta [31].
• Complement C4 null alleles as a marker of gold or D-penicillamine toxicity in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cuprimine

• Immunosuppression by D-penicillamine in vitro. Inhibition of human T lymphocyte proliferation by copper- or ceruloplasmin-dependent generation of hydrogen peroxide and protection by monocytes [11].
• The child was treated with chelation therapy with D-penicillamine [33].
• D-Penicillamine-induced Goodpasture's-like syndrome in primary biliary cirrhosis--successful treatment with plasmapheresis and immunosuppressives [34].
• Liver biopsy specimens from 7 patients with Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration), obtained before and after 3 to 5 years of D-penicillamine therapy, were studied by electron microscopy and stereology [35].
• Postdilution hemofiltration and continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration with oral D-penicillamine allowed removal of a total of 95,700 micrograms of copper; 78,665 micrograms of the total were removed via postdilution hemofiltration alone [36].

References