Disease relevance of Csn

• beta-cell-specific deletion of the Igf1 receptor leads to hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance but does not alter beta-cell mass [1].
• alpha 2-Adrenergic receptors, a population of receptors linked to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, accelerate Na+/H+ exchange in NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma cells (Isom, L. L., Cragoe, E. J., Jr., and Limbird, L. E. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 6750-6757) [2].
• alpha IR-3 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that binds to an epitope on the human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor and inhibits [125I]IGF-I binding to this receptor on human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and Hep G2 human hepatoblastoma cells [3].
• Roles of nonstructural protein nsP2 and Alpha/Beta interferons in determining the outcome of Sindbis virus infection [4].
• alpha v-Integrin antagonist EMD 121974 induces apoptosis in brain tumor cells growing on vitronectin and tenascin [5].

Psychiatry related information on Csn

• beta-amyloid (Abeta) has been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) [6].

High impact information on Csn

• gamma -Secretase cleavage and nuclear localization of ErbB-4 receptor tyrosine kinase [7].
• beta-cell-specific inactivation of the mouse Ipf1/Pdx1 gene results in loss of the beta-cell phenotype and maturity onset diabetes [8].
• gamma 2b transgenic mice have a severe B cell defect, apparently caused by strong feedback inhibition of endogenous H-gene rearrangement coupled with an inability of gamma 2b to provide the survival/maturation functions of mu [9].
• alpha-Syntrophin is a scaffolding adapter protein expressed primarily on the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle [10].
• beta-very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) is a large lipoprotein with multiple apoprotein E (apoE) molecules that bind to the LDL receptors on mouse macrophages [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Csn

• beta-Glucosidase activity in fetal bovine serum renders the plant glucoside, hypoxoside, cytotoxic toward B16-F10-BL-6 mouse melanoma cells [12].

Biological context of Csn

• Localization of the casein gene family to a single mouse chromosome [13].
• kappa Chain joining segments and structural diversity of antibody combining sites [14].
• alpha 1-adrenergic receptors (ARs) play a major role in blood pressure regulation [15].
• beta-cell type-specific expression of the upstream glucokinase promoter was studied by transfection of fusion genes and analysis of DNA-protein interactions [16].
• gamma delta TCR+ hybridoma cells prepared from mesenteric lymph node cells of animals receiving donor-specific immunization via the portal vein can adoptively transfer this increased graft survival to naive animals [17].

Anatomical context of Csn

• It has been shown previously that cultures of mouse mammary epithelial cells retain their characteristic morphology and their ability to produce gamma-casein, a member of the casein gene family, only if they are maintained on floating collagen gels (Emerman, J.T., and D.R. Pitelka, 1977, In Vitro, 13:316-328) [18].
• alpha -galactosylceramide-activated Valpha 14 natural killer T cells mediate protection against murine malaria [19].
• kappa gene diversity among the clonal progeny of pre-B lymphocytes [20].
• beta very low density lipoproteins (beta-VLDL) interact with mouse peritoneal macrophages via specific receptors leading to pronounced stimulation of cholesterol esterification [21].
• gamma -glutamyltransferase and its isoform mediate an endoplasmic reticulum stress response [22].

Associations of Csn with chemical compounds

• alpha 2 integrin subunit cytoplasmic domain-dependent cellular migration requires p38 MAPK [23].
• alpha 1, beta 1, and gamma 2S gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor (GABAR) subunit cDNAs were transiently expressed in derivative cell lines of mouse L929 fibroblasts, which possessed different levels of the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) [24].
• BHA also induces an Alpha-class GST comprising subunits of Mr 25,600, which is not expressed at detectable levels in normal mouse liver [McLellan & Hayes (1989) Biochem. J. 263, 393-402] [25].
• The amounts of protein and mRNA for class Alpha, Mu and Pi glutathione S-transferases were compared between WT and Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice of both sexes under both constitutive and inducible conditions [26].
• beta-nerve growth factor (NGF) was modified by biotinylation via carboxyl group substitution (C-bio-NGF) using biotin hydrazide and the coupling reagent 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide, under reaction conditions that yielded an average of 3 biotin additions per NGF subunit [27].

Regulatory relationships of Csn

• alpha- and beta-adrenergic control of thermogenin mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue [28].

Other interactions of Csn

• Here we report a comparison of the DNA coding sequences and putative amino acid sequences they determine for the three common alleles of the Alpha subunit gene (Abpa), alleles that appear to be diagnostic for the three subspecies of Mus musculus [29].
• alpha s1-Casein-specific CD8+ T cell clones expressed the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor, although they did not secrete detectable IL-4 [30].
• alpha-Calcitonin gene-related peptide (alphaCGRP) is a pleiotropic peptide neuromodulator that is widely expressed throughout the Central and peripheral nervous systems [31].
• The results of cell-free translation studies in which the pre-ABP subunits are identified specifically by immunoprecipitation with anti-ABP antibody supports the idea that independent mRNAs code for the Alpha, Beta and Gamma subunits [32].
• The effects of BNF on expression of hepatic GST were studied in both DBA/2 and C57BL/6 mice; these studies revealed a preferential induction of the Alpha-class 25,600-Mr subunits and of the Pi-class 24,800-Mr subunits in those mice in possession of a functional Ah receptor [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Csn

• beta cell replacement via islet or pancreas transplantation is currently the only approach to cure type 1 diabetic patients [33].
• alpha N-acetyl human beta-endorphin-(1-31) injected icv to mice antagonized the analgesic activity of beta-endorphin-(1-31) and morphine whereas the analgesia evoked by DADLE and DAGO was enhanced by this treatment [34].
• beta-Amyloid peptide vaccination results in marked changes in serum and brain Abeta levels in APPswe/PS1DeltaE9 mice, as detected by SELDI-TOF-based ProteinChip technology [35].

References