Disease relevance of WBC

• After inoculation with E coli, sows from herd S had higher temperatures, lower WBC counts, and lower plasma protein:fibrinogen ratios than did sows from herd R [1].
• Thereafter, WBC count decreased owing to lymphopenia [2].
• From PID 11 to PID 25, rectal temperatures gradually returned to preinoculation values, titers of viremia began to decrease, plasma antibody to ASFV antigens increased to peak titers, and WBC numbers increased slightly [3].
• RESULTS: Injury caused a three- to fourfold increase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) WBC counts, 10- to 20-fold increases in BAL protein, and 200% increases in lung edema as measured by wet-dry ratio (all p < 0.05), in both the injured (right) and the noninjured (left) lungs [4].
• Seventy-five pigs from 4 facilities were examined for Salmonella choleraesuis by use of bacteriologic culture of feces, blood, WBC (buffy coat), mononuclear leukocytes, and neutrophils [5].

High impact information on WBC

• The RNase activity observed in the sera of leukemic guinea pigs was compared to that observed in white blood cell (WBC) lysates of the same animals [6].
• The WBC-associated RNase activity directed against polyuridylic acid decreased with the progression of neoplastic disease, though serum RNase activity remained unchanged [6].
• Treatment with romurtide diminished the WBC count nadir, resulting in significantly higher WBC count levels than in controls [7].
• The decrease in WBC count following topical application of diaziquone at a dose of 0.1 mg/day for 4 days, compared to the same dose of diaziquone administered i.p., was 62% in Vanicream, 81% in Plastibase and 33% in DMSO [8].
• A suspension containing 10(8) swine fetal liver cells (FLC) was also administered i.p. Long-term repopulation with swine T cells was observed, with up to 1.5% swine T cells detected in the WBC, peritoneum, and spleen for at least 5.5 months postgrafting [9].

Biological context of WBC

• Shorter co-incubation periods made cell-cycle progression intermediate between PLC and WBC values [10].
• The baseline sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies of human plasma lymphocyte cultures (PLC), but not pig PLC, were nearly twice as high as those of whole-blood cultures (WBC) [10].
• Regardless of the species, cell proliferation was slower in PLC than in WBC [10].
• RESULTS: All animals developed increased temperature, heart rate, and WBC, and positive blood and peritoneal cultures [11].
• METHODS: Red cell aggregation (RCA), WBC margination (flux at the EC), rolling velocity, and adhesion to the EC were measured in rat mesenteric postcapillary venules upon reducing gamma, prior to and following systemic infusion of Fb [12].

Anatomical context of WBC

• By morphometric analysis, a marked reduction in the MCA lumen cross-sectional area was observed after selective application of RBC's or Hb/cytosol but not of WBC/PRP or erythrocyte membranes [13].
• Whole blood was centrifuged to produce two fractions consisting of washed erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBC's) and white blood cells (WBC) plus platelet-rich plasma (PRP); the RBC fraction was subsequently separated into hemoglobin (Hb)-containing cytosol and erythrocyte membranes [13].
• Total WBC counts did not differ significantly after inoculation by either inoculation route, although band neutrophils increased significantly [14].
• Plasma contained less than 1% infectivity, and less than 0.1% of virus was in the WBC fraction (monocytes, lymphocytes, and granulocytes) [3].
• RESULTS--The FMDV-specific genomic sequences were only detected in RNA from spleen, lung, larynx, tonsils, pancreas, liver, esophagus, and WBC of bovids [15].

Associations of WBC with chemical compounds

• WBC margination was measured as the percentage of total luminal WBC flux that rolled on the EC, F*(WBC) [12].
• Additionally, we provide the first evidence that in vivo lipopolysaccharide challenge (LPS, 25 microg/kg BW) causes a dynamic increase in PPARgamma protein expression in peripheral WBC (P < 0.05) [16].
• Porcine natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, plasma cortisol, total white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (N:L), and circulating blood leukocytes were examined from pigs injected i.v. with either saline, ACTH, cortisol, or treated with metyrapone [17].
• LTC4 production (pg/10(7) WBC, M +/- SD) was 194.5 +/- 61.7 (n = 5) in control group, 348.9 +/- 95.4 (n = 6) in dipalmitoyl lecithin group, 543.8 +/- 105.6 (n = 6) in egg lecithin group and 105.62 +/- 63.2 (n = 6) in AA-861 + dipalmitoyl lecithin group [18].
• However, aspartate transaminase activity, potassium, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and platelet and WBC counts were significantly different [19].

Other interactions of WBC

• Following inoculation, WBC, band cell count, and CRP remained elevated above baseline in all groups throughout the study (P < 0.01) [20].
• The WBC numbers were maintained near preinoculation counts; however, lymphocyte counts decreased slightly with a compensatory increment in neutrophil and monocyte numbers [3].
• Medium high heritabilities (h2 = 0.3-0.4) were estimated for the phagocytic capacity of PMNL, Con A induced proliferation and IL-2 production and the total number of WBC, while the heritability estimates were lower (h2 = 0.00-0.08 +/- 0.12) for the total number of lymphocytes, serum concentrations of Ig and IFN-alpha production [21].
• At each time point, plasma beta-endorphin and cortisol concentrations as well as WBC counts were recorded, and functional capacity of leukocytes in cultures of whole blood was assessed by means of mitogen-induced proliferation and interleukin-2 activity, virus-induced interferon-alpha concentration, and phagocytosis of zymosan particles [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of WBC

• This paper describes a whole-body counter (WBC) specially designed to measured total body potassium (TBK) infants under 4,500 g [23].
• Total WBC counts decreased posthemorrhage in both resuscitation groups [24].
• DEIA obviates the use of radioisotopes in PCR for detection of exceedingly low numbers of residual WBC in filtered blood [25].
• Regarding the systemic response, laparotomy produced a significant increase in WBC, which was significantly more pronounced with exposure to air [26].
• Total and differential white blood cell counts were performed, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analysed using flow cytometry [27].

References