Disease relevance of GAL3ST1

• The galactosylceramide sulfotransferase (cerebroside sulfotransferase, CST) (EC 2.8.2.11) gene is highly expressed in human renal cancer cells [1].
• The kinetics of minimal residual disease (MRD) and chimerism were studied in 15 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) receiving nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation (NST) and in 10 patients receiving conventional stem cell transplantation (CST) [2].
• Human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissue and a cell line derived therefrom, SMKT-R3, showed markedly increased glycolipid sulfotransferase [cerebroside sulfotransferase (CST); EC 2.8.2.11] activity and accumulated sulfoglycolipids [3].
• Structure and coding content of CST (BART) family RNAs of Epstein-Barr virus [4].
• The results demonstrate that whereas normal mice perspire on the volar and plantar surfaces of their paws, hemizygous Ta/Y male mice show anhidrosis and absence of sweat glands, as do human hemizygous male sufferers of CST [5].

Psychiatry related information on GAL3ST1

• The CST records were examined for: per cent late deceleration, baseline FHR, presence of FHR accelerations, duration of the latency period (time from onset of contraction to onset of deceleration), and amplitude of deceleration [6].
• To address this issue, 112 individuals, 20-79 years old, took the California Trail Making Test (CTMT) and the California Stroop Test (CST), subtests of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function Scale (D. C. Delis, E. Kaplan, & J. H. Kramer, in press) that include measurement of component skills embedded in the executive function tasks [7].
• CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that spouse-assisted CST can enhance self-efficacy and improve the coping abilities of OA patients in the long term [8].
• Individual differences in the long-term outcome of spouse-assisted CST were noted, with some patients (those showing increases in marital satisfaction and self-efficacy) showing much better outcomes than others [8].
• METHODS: A followup study was conducted with 88 OA patients who had been randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment conditions: 1) spouse-assisted coping skills training (spouse-assisted CST), 2) a conventional CST intervention with no spouse involvement, and 3) an arthritis education-spousal support (AE-SS) control condition [8].

High impact information on GAL3ST1

• In CST patients, T-cell MC was detected in 5 patients, of whom 3 were mixed only during the first month [2].
• In conclusion, molecular remission can be induced in most patients after NST, albeit with different kinetics from CST [2].
• Recently, we cloned a human CST cDNA from a SMKT-R3 cDNA library (K. Honke et al., J. Biol. Chem., 272: 4864-4868, 1997) [3].
• Furthermore, we examined the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, and genistein, which are known to regulate CST activity in SMKT-R3 cells, on CST-gene expression in various RCC cells [3].
• Sulfoglycolipid analysis revealed that expression of lactosylceramide sulfate was correlated with the CST level [3].

Chemical compound and disease context of GAL3ST1

• CONCLUSIONS: Adrenal insufficiency was identified in 67% of patients with RAAA with unexplained postoperative hypotension given a CST [9].
• We compared CSF and serum levels, and the CST/serum ratio of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), measured by HPLC, in 44 apparently well-nourished patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 37 matched controls [10].

Biological context of GAL3ST1

• To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of its gene expression, we have determined the genomic organization of the human CST gene [1].
• These observations suggest that the aberrant usage of transcription initiation sites flanked with promoters/enhancers is involved in the cancer-associated expression of the CST gene [1].
• The amino acid sequence indicates 33% identity to the human CST sequence [11].
• The novel sulfotransferase gene was present on human chromosome 11q13; the location was different from human CST and from that of the recently cloned human beta-Gal 3'-sulfotransferase (GP3ST) [12].
• A novel cDNA-encoding galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase was cloned by screening the expressed sequence tag data base using the previously cloned cDNA encoding a galactosyl ceramide 3-O-sulfotransferase, which we term Gal3ST-1 [13].

Anatomical context of GAL3ST1

• When the cDNA was inserted into the expression vector pSVK3 and transfected into COS-1 cells, galactosylceramide sulfotransferase activity in the transfected cells increased from 8- to 16-fold over that of controls, and the enzyme product, sulfatide, was expressed on the transformed cells [14].
• Cerebroside sulfotransferase was highly enriched in the lighter Golgi-enriched fraction relative to the denser fraction, the post-34,880 X g microsomes, and the myelin-like fraction [15].
• Age-dependent modulation of 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-galactosylceramide sulfotransferase by lipids extracted from the microsomal membranes and artificial lipid mixtures [16].
• A galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase activity able to transfer a sulfate group from adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate to methyl galactosides or terminal N-acetyllactosamine-containing carbohydrate chains from human respiratory mucins was characterized in microsomal fractions prepared from human respiratory mucosa [17].
• The effect of castanospermine (CSTP), an inhibitor of glucosidase I, on processing, activity, and secretion of lipoprotein lipase was studied in 3T3-L1 adipocytes [18].

Associations of GAL3ST1 with chemical compounds

• Furthermore, soluble Protein A-CST expressed in the presence of tunicamycin was almost inactive, and accumulated in transfected cells [19].
• Moreover, transfecting CST mutants lacking both N-glycosylation sites, or only Asn-312, reduced significantly the amount of sulphatide synthesized, whereas substituting Asn-66 with a glutamine residue did not [19].
• Sulphatide is synthesized in the Golgi apparatus by galactosylceramide sulphotransferase (CST; EC 2.8.2.11) [19].
• In contrast, a reduction of CST mRNA and activity by tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and genistein was observed in all of the lines examined [3].
• Taken together, these findings indicate that in human RCC cells, the CST gene is generally overexpressed via a signaling pathway involving protein kinase-C and tyrosine kinases [3].

Other interactions of GAL3ST1

• STUDY DESIGN: We investigated the expression of sulfoglycolipids by thin-layer chromatography immunostaining and the activities of galactosylceramide sulfotransferase and arylsulfatase A, which regulate the synthesis and degradation of sulfoglycolipid [20].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GAL3ST1

• Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA encoding human 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase [14].
• However, 12 months after transplantation, the percentage of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive patients was 20% in NST patients and 50% in CST patients [2].
• On Northern blot analysis, a marked increase of CST mRNA was observed in every RCC line, except for ACHN, as compared with normal cells [3].
• We studied whether length (L), width (W), and height (number of cross sections x sectional thickness, CST) of a tumor focus could be used to estimate prostate tumor volume [21].
• Because autologous transplantation of human Schwann cells (SCs) is a potential strategy for CNS repair, we evaluated the ability of these two molecular agents to induce CST regeneration into human SC grafts placed to span a midthoracic spinal cord transection in the adult nude rat, a xenograft tolerant strain [22].

References