Disease relevance of Bacterial Adhesion

• Fibronectin-binding protein I (SfbI) from Streptococcus pyogenes plays a key role in bacterial adhesion to, and invasion of, eukaryotic cells [1].
• Basement membrane carbohydrate as a target for bacterial adhesion: binding of type I fimbriae of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli to laminin [2].
• In vitro and in vivo studies from various groups have suggested that Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Lewis x (Le(x)) antigens mediate bacterial adhesion [3].
• Injury was indeed found with concentrations of 0.3 per cent and 1 per cent povidone-iodine, as judged by the observations of increased bladder weight due to edema, histological examination, in vivo bladder staining, crystal adhesion and bacterial adhesion upon the bladder mucosa after povidone-iodine injury [4].
• In vivo treatment of C57BL/6 IL-10 mice with oral piroxicam markedly enhanced apoptosis of colonic epithelium and resulted in focal erosion of the mucosal surface, enhanced bacterial adhesion and invasion, and accelerated the development of colitis [5].

High impact information on Bacterial Adhesion

• This and other structural features that we show are conserved in most pneumococcal strains appear to generally play an important role in bacterial adhesion to pIgR [6].
• CD46 mutants with truncated cytoplasmic tails fail to support bacterial adhesion (Källström et al., 2001), suggesting that this region of the molecule also plays an important role in infection [7].
• Consistent with these findings, infection studies show that PP2, a specific Src family kinase inhibitor, but not PP3, an inactive variant of this drug, reduces the ability of epithelial cells to support bacterial adhesion [7].
• This work provides evidence that initial bacterial adhesion and subsequent ability to cause invasive disease is enhanced by pili, long organelles able to extend beyond the polysaccharide capsule, previously unknown to exist in pneumococci [8].
• On this basis, the observations made at the macroscopic scale by other authors of a strong lability of the bacterial adhesions mediated by Fn under high turbulent flow are rationalized at the molecular level [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Bacterial Adhesion

• Staphylococcus epidermidis capsular polysaccharide adhesin (PS/A) and slime were studied as possible mediators of bacterial adhesion to NHLBI polyethylene (PE) under dynamic flow [10].
• Bacterial adhesion of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotypes to titanium implants: SEM evaluation. A preliminary report [11].
• BACKGROUND/AIMS: Heparin in solution reduces bacterial adhesion to intraocular lenses and a lower incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis has been reported with the use of heparin coated lenses [12].
• Bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) to FN bound by either its C-terminus or its NH3-terminus was quantified in batch static adhesion assays [13].

Biological context of Bacterial Adhesion

• On the other hand, incorporation of exogenous PE by the host cells enhanced EPEC-induced apoptosis and necrosis without increasing bacterial adhesion [14].
• Consequently, caseinoglycopeptide prevention of oral bacterial adhesion to polystyrene tubes (a hard surface) takes place with no species specificity and can be compared to nonspecific inhibition exhibited by various polymers with very different structural characteristics [15].
• This result demonstrates that FHA contains at least three different binding sites, a feature unusual for bacterial adhesions but similar to features of eukaryotic adhesins and extracellular matrix proteins [16].
• A comparison of the use of an ATP-based bioluminescent assay and image analysis for the assessment of bacterial adhesion to standard HEMA and biomimetic soft contact lenses [17].
• The contribution of outer membrane proteins to lipopolysaccharide release, bacterial adhesion to haemocytes, and virulence is discussed [18].

Anatomical context of Bacterial Adhesion

• This study compares the antibacterial activities of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against recently isolated urinary tract pathogens, by evaluating their MICs and MBCs in accordance with NCCLS susceptibility tests, time-kill curves and interference with bacterial adhesion to uroepithelial cells [19].
• Effect of zeta potential and surface energy on bacterial adhesion to uncoated and saliva-coated human enamel and dentin [20].
• Surface coating with heparin significantly decreased bacterial adhesion of both strains after incubation with cerebrospinal fluid including 0.50% plasma for 12 h (p = 0.0209) [21].
• Meconium had the highest content of neuraminic acid and the strongest inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion [22].
• Following disruption of intercellular junctions by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N',-tetraacetic acid, a significant rise in the level of bacterial adhesion was observed, above all in postconfluent monolayers [23].

Associations of Bacterial Adhesion with chemical compounds

• We show in this paper that the fucose-specific lectin P. aeruginosa agglutinin II (PAII) produced by these bacteria can, in addition to facilitating bacterial adhesion, arrest ciliary beating in human airways in vitro [24].
• Bacterial adhesion was statistically weakest on hydrogel and then on hydrophilic acrylic polymer [25].
• Platelet receptors for invasin were identified by using a panel of anti-platelet glycoprotein monoclonal antibodies in a bacterial adhesion assay [26].
• Furthermore, SEM observations highlighted two different patterns of bacterial adhesion (isolated bacteria and clusters of bacteria), assuming that hydrophobic IOLs (silicone and PMMA) probably facilitate bacterial colonization and biofilm production [25].
• In contrast, inhibition of host cell protein synthesis by cycloheximide did not affect bacterial adhesion and invasion, but prevented intracellular replication although bacterial rRNA content was increased [27].

Gene context of Bacterial Adhesion

• Whether the FUT1 or possibly the FUT2 gene products are involved in the synthesis of carbohydrate structures responsible for bacterial adhesion remains to be determined [28].
• We demonstrate that EPEC induces activation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK cascades, which all depend on bacterial adhesion and expression of the bacterial type III secretion system [29].
• When PVC pre-exposed to CSF was incubated with antibodies to Vn, subsequent bacterial adhesion of a Vn-binding strain, S. epidermidis 5703, was significantly reduced [30].
• Some of these correspond to known genes, affecting either bacterial adhesion or colonization (srf-2, srf-3, srf-5) or host swelling response (sur-2, egl-5) [31].
• Increased bacterial adhesion of the highly quinolone-resistant mutants, which contained combined mutations in grlA and gyrA, was associated with and explained by the overexpression of their fibronectin-binding proteins as assessed by Western ligand affinity blotting [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Bacterial Adhesion

• Under indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, CL-15-infected HEp-2 cells also failed to demonstrate the recruitment of another cytoskeletal element, alpha-actinin, below foci of bacterial adhesion [33].
• Foci of alpha-actinin-specific fluorescence corresponding to areas of bacterial adhesion were detected by transmission electron microscopy in HEp-2 and gastric KATO-III cells infected with only those bacterial strains that formed AE lesions [34].
• The production of a microfluidic device for microbial culture has necessitated the development of techniques for the prevention of bacterial adhesion to a range of polymeric substrates including fluoropolymers such as fluorinated ethylene polypropylene, and polyolefins such as low-density polyethylene [35].
• Reduced bacterial adhesion to heparin-surface-modified intraocular lenses [36].
• To better understand the role of proteins in bacterial adhesion, the interactions between two different model colloids (glass beads and carboxylated latex microspheres) and four proteins covalently bonded to glass surfaces were examined using colloid probes and an atomic force microscope (AFM) [37].

References