Disease relevance of Mastitis

• In 108 patients with nonpuerperal mastitis (inflammatory symptoms of duct ectasia), serum prolactin levels were determined before, during, and after treatment [1].
• To better understand the acute host response to Escherichia coli mastitis, we analyzed gene expression patterns of approximately 23,000 transcripts 4 h after an intramammary infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a mouse model [2].
• Phagocytosis of mastitis isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and expression of type 5 capsular polysaccharide are influenced by growth in the presence of milk [3].
• DNA-DNA hybridization experiments were carried out in order to clarify the taxonomic relationships between the F38 group of caprine mycoplasmas, the established etiologic agents of classical contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, and Mycoplasma capricolum, an organism associated with septicemia, arthritis, and mastitis in goats and sheep [4].
• Four strains of a hitherto-unknown catalase-positive, facultatively anaerobic Corynebacterium species were isolated from the milk of sheep affected by subclinical mastitis [5].

High impact information on Mastitis

• Prednisone management of granulomatous mastitis [6].
• JAMA patient page. Mastitis [7].
• Evidence that bovine forebrain embryonic zinc finger-like gene influences immune response associated with mastitis resistance [8].
• The MFG-E8(-/-) mice developed mammary duct ectasia with periductal mastitis, and the redevelopment of the mammary gland for their second litter was impaired [9].
• It is recommended that samples routinely be taken from both breasts and analyzed for sodium and chloride to rule out episodes of mastitis or other local phenomena which sporadically alter milk composition [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mastitis

• We found that cows susceptible to mastitis have a three-base insertion in a glycine-coding stretch of the gene for forebrain embryonic zinc finger-like (FEZL), a transcription factor with a role in neuronal development [8].
• Activity of pirlimycin against pathogens from cows with mastitis and recommendations for disk diffusion tests [11].
• The binding of immune complexes to these cells was also determined by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled protein A. As the mastitis subsided, the blocking effect of the mastitic milk also declined markedly [12].
• The effect of dicyclohexylamine on seven freshly isolated bacterial strains of mastitis pathogens was studied [13].
• The hyaluronic acid capsule of Streptococcus uberis is not required for the development of infection and clinical mastitis [14].

Biological context of Mastitis

• Vitamin A, mastitis, and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 through breast-feeding: current information and gaps in knowledge [15].
• Moreover, the analysis of the association between virulence genes and the presence of a subclinical mastitis showed the role of spa and sej gene as risk factors [16].
• Cell count, modified California Mastitis Test, coagulase positive staphylococci, and contents of solids-not-fat, lactose, and protein differed among the four types [17].
• Clinical mastitis affected 25.0, 16.7, and 2.6% of quarters during the first 7 d of lactation for cows receiving the low, intermediate, and high vitamin E treatments, respectively [18].
• Postpartum milk samples were also collected for determination of SCC or California mastitis testing and were tested for pirlimycin residues [19].

Anatomical context of Mastitis

• We also analyzed adhesion protein expression on blood and milk leukocytes and found that, in comparison to the situation for healthy cows, L-selectin was down-regulated and CD18 was up-regulated on leukocytes from cows with mastitis [20].
• The citric acid concentration deceased in subclinical mastitic milk and the extent of decrease was proportional to the degree of mastitis as expressed by the quarter difference value in concentration of Na + Cl in mM/l, i.e. the increase in the Na and Cl concentrations in the abnormal milk over that found in normal milk from the same udder [21].
• Effects of in vitro supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and selenium on bovine neutrophil functions: implications for resistance to mastitis [22].
• Relationship between vitamin A and beta-carotene in blood plasma and milk and mastitis in Holsteins [23].
• Two strains of Streptococcus uberis (UT 888 and UT 366) isolated from cows with clinical mastitis were co-cultured with bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) with and without laminin, fibrinogen, fibronectin or collagen [24].

Gene context of Mastitis

• Bovine serum amyloid A (SAA) was isolated from the acute phase high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of a cow suffering from acute mastitis [25].
• In analogy with observations during clinical coliform mastitis, a progressive decrease of CD62L expression levels was observed early after LPS infusion, concomitantly with a continuous rise of CD11b and CD18 density [26].
• Administration of recombinant human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist during endotoxin-induced mastitis in cows [27].
• Mastitis strongly increased (4- to 13-fold) the mRNA abundances of all of these genes except TLR9 [28].
• According to their localization in QTL regions based on an established integrated marker/gene-map and their disease-associated expression, four genes (AHCY, PRKDC, HNRPU, OSTF1) were suggested as potentially involved in mastitis defense [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mastitis

• To investigate the distribution of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) A to I (SEA to SEI) genes (sea to sei) in Staphylococcus aureus, 146 isolates obtained in Japan from humans involved in and samples from food poisoning outbreaks, healthy humans, cows with mastitis, and bovine raw milk were analyzed by multiplex PCR [30].
• Five days into the mother's initial episode of mastitis, her infant developed type Ib/c group B streptococcal mastitis, requiring hospitalization and parenteral antibiotic therapy [31].
• Farmers participating in the full mastitis control group agreed to treat each cow at drying off with 500 mg benzathine cloxacillin in each quarter, to have their milking machines tested and to correct any faults, and to practise teat dipping [32].
• The effects of a single intramuscular injection of a drug product containing ampicillin, colistin and dexamethasone, as a suspension in a diester of propylene glycol of medium-chain fatty acids, on the clinico-pathological course of experimental Escherichia coli-endotoxin mastitis was examined in 30 dairy cows [33].
• Milk glucose was considered to be of limited value as a diagnostic test for mastitis [34].

References