Disease relevance of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• These results demonstrate a previously unanticipated role for submucosal DCs in the generation of protective Th1 immune responses to HSV-2 in the vaginal mucosa, and suggest their importance in immunity to other sexually transmitted diseases [1].
• African couples were more likely than those from elsewhere to have secondary infertility or longer duration, a history of sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy complications, and infertility diagnoses (such as bilateral tubal occlusion or pelvic adhesions) suggestive of previous genital infections [2].
• Haemophilus ducreyi, the cause of the sexually transmitted disease chancroid produces a lipooligosaccharide (LOS) containing a terminal sialyl N-acetyllactosamine trisaccharide [3].
• Increased interleukin-10 in the the endocervical secretions of women with non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases: a mechanism for enhanced HIV-1 transmission [4]?
• Treponema pallidum antibodies were first determined by Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test and reactive sera were confirmed by Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test [5].

Psychiatry related information on Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Sildenafil use, sexual risk behavior, and risk for sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection [6].
• Control of parenteral drug use, prevention of ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases, provision of expanded contraceptive services to seropositive reproductive age women, and reinforcement of risk-reduction behaviors through extended follow-up interventions are required as well [7].
• Report of the NIAID Study Group on Integrated Behavioral Research for Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Part I: Issues in defining behavioral risk factors and their distribution [8].
• Psychosocial factors in admitting to homosexuality in sexually transmitted disease clinics [9].
• The therapeutic decision making process is complicated by the necessity for prompt, effective parenteral therapy, frequent coinfection with other sexually transmitted diseases, and emergence of antibiotic resistance [10].

High impact information on Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases [11].
• Nevertheless, 11 of the 52 HIV-infected women (21 percent) reported a total of only two to five sexual partners and no known high-risk partners, had never used crack cocaine, and had no positive tests for sexually transmitted disease [12].
• Clients who seek sex using the Internet appear to be at greater risk for STDs than clients who do not seek sex on the Internet. JAMA [13].
• RESULTS--Thirty-nine percent of patients tested positive for the presence of benzoylecgonine and were statistically more likely to be older, black, and have a prior history of sexually transmitted disease (P less than .01) [14].
• Risk of sexually transmitted disease among black adolescent crack users in Oakland and San Francisco, Calif [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Crack cocaine is a smokable form of cocaine hydrochloride that has been associated with increases in admissions to drug treatment programs, and, recently, increases in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among black teenagers [15].
• However, among men with urethral gonococcal infections who attended one sexually transmitted disease clinic in Cleveland, Ohio, the prevalence of gonococci with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin increased from 2% in 1991 to 16% in 1994 [16].
• CCR5 was significantly increased (p < 0.02) in biopsies from women with sexually transmitted diseases and others who were progesterone predominant [17].
• The in vitro activity of azithromycin, together with its unique tissue pharmacodynamics, define an agent that should demonstrate utility in infections of the respiratory tract, skin and skin structures, and certain sexually transmitted diseases [18].
• Recruitment took place at methadone posts (not drug-free; i.e. a low-threshold programme on which some drug users continue to use hard drugs, but at a lower level) and the weekly evening sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic for drug-addicted prostitutes [19].

Biological context of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Unprotected sexual intercourse with increased number of partners during the past 5 years was strongly associated with mother-to-child transmission (P < 0.001), even after adjustment for maternal CD4/CD8 ratio, parity, history of sexually transmitted diseases, and evidence of genital infection during pregnancy [20].
• In contrast, 9AC and niflumic acid reduced the amplitude of the STDs and blocked the action potentials [21].
• BACKGROUND: Bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) have recently increased in Seattle. GOALS: Serovar and auxotype typing of strains was used to assess the epidemiology of anorectal chlamydial and gonococcal infections among MSM attending an STD clinic [22].
• STUDY DESIGN: Men presenting at the Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) and Dermatology Clinics in Malawi were enrolled in a cross-sectional study [23].
• Other samples were obtained from 152 students accepted for nursing training at the Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia, and from 243 patients of the Special Urology (sexually transmitted diseases) clinic of the hospital [24].

Anatomical context of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• Dipstick leukocyte esterase activity in first-catch urine specimens. A useful screening test for detecting sexually transmitted disease in the adolescent male [25].
• M131 did not react with red blood cells, which have phosphorylcholine-containing lipids in their exterior membrane leaflets, or with Venereal Disease Research Laboratory antigen that also contains phosphorylcholine, further indicating the specificity of M131 [26].
• 8. It is concluded that smooth muscle cells of the rabbit urethra exhibit SWs and STDs which are likely to be induced by stimulation of Ca(2+)-activated chloride channels evoked by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores [27].
• Sera from newborn infants born of mothers with a high risk of syphilis were examined for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), using either purified flagella from Treponema phagedenis biotype Reiter or the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) antigen as the antigen [28].
• OBJECTIVE: Relationships were studied between correlates of sexually transmitted diseases and chlamydial antibodies versus cervical mucus abnormalities and tubal abnormalities [29].

Gene context of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• We have reported that Trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of the most common, non-viral sexually transmitted disease, bound to cover slips coated with fibronectin (FN) (Crouch & Alderete, Microbiol 1999 145: 2835-43) [30].
• Condom use at T1 was related to illicit drug use at T2, whereas sexually transmitted diseases and adolescent pregnancy were not related to this drug use [31].
• This study provides the background recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force for interventions by primary care physicians to prevent sexually transmitted diseases [32].
• METHODS: Men presenting with STDs were recruited from government clinics (n = 101), private clinics (n = 50) and pharmacies (n = 62) [33].
• Trends in HIV infection among sexually transmitted disease patients in Paris [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

• To determine if infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection among patients attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics, a case-control study was done on coded sera from 179 HIV-1-infected patients and 367 age-, race-, and gender-matched HIV-1-seronegative patients [35].
• Two hundred and ninety-seven sera were tested by the ELISA with T. pallidum antigens, the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test, the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-Abs) test, and the microhemagglutination assay for T. pallidum antibodies (MHA-TP) [36].
• STUDY DESIGN: Sera from randomly selected women at the Seattle King County Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic were tested by CINA and Western blot [37].
• STUDY DESIGN: Men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic were tested for C trachomatis with ligase chain reaction and culture, and for urethral inflammation with urine leukocyte esterase and urethral Gram stain [38].
• Following oral administration, higher grepafloxacin concentrations are achieved in lung and genital tissues than in serum, indicating its potential in the treatment of respiratory and sexually transmitted diseases [39].

References