Disease relevance of Mangiferin

• Here, we report that mangiferin and morin, two antioxidant polyphenols, are neuroprotective in both in vitro and in vivo models of ischemia [1].
• Mangiferin (MGN), a glucosylxanthone derived from Mangifera indica (mango), was investigated for its ability to reduce the frequency of radiation-induced micronucleated binucleate cells (MNBNCs) in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) [2].
• These results are of pharmacological relevance since mangiferin and its naturally contained extracts could be potential candidates for chelation therapy in diseases related to abnormal intracellular iron distribution or iron overload [3].
• In the long-term assay, the group treated with 0.1% mangiferin in initiation phase of the experimental protocol had significantly lower incidence and multiplicity of intestinal neoplasms induced by AOM (47.3 and 41.8% reductions of the group treated with AOM alone for incidence and multiplicity, respectively) [4].
• Mangiferin was also found to antagonize in vitro the cytopathic effect of HIV [5].

High impact information on Mangiferin

• Mangiferin-mediated down-regulation of NF-kappaB also potentiates chemotherapeutic agent-mediated cell death, suggesting a role in combination therapy for cancer [6].
• Mangiferin, a natural polyphenol is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral effects [6].
• Mangiferin, similar to the other known antioxidants, NAC and PDTC, inhibits TNF-induced reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) generation [6].
• Cell death caused by glutamate in neuronal cultures was decreased in the presence of submicromolar concentrations of mangiferin or morin which in turn attenuated receptor-mediated calcium influx, oxidative stress as well as apoptosis [1].
• Nanomolar concentrations of mangiferin and morin, two natural polyphenols with antioxidant properties, partially protect oligodendrocytes as well as cortical neurons from mild, but not intense, insults mediated by AMPA receptors [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mangiferin

• The anaerobic Bacteroides species named MANG, transformed mangiferin to the aglycone, norathyriol, suggesting cleavage of a C-glucosyl bond [8].
• Antiviral effect of mangiferin and isomangiferin on herpes simplex virus [9].
• Among them, berberine (1), syringin (3), limonin (4) and mangiferin (10) showed a significant inhibitory effect on bone resorption [10].
• Upon pretreatment with mangiferin (100 mg/kg body weight suspended in 2 ml of dimethyl sulphoxide) given intraperitoneally for 28 days to MI rats protected the above-mentioned parameters to fall from the normal levels [11].
• Role of mangiferin on biochemical alterations and antioxidant status in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats [11].

Biological context of Mangiferin

• Fe(III) also significantly increases the ability of mangiferin to scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, as well as to display antioxidant activity toward antimycin A-induced H(2)O(2) production and t-butyl hydroperoxide-promoted membrane lipid peroxidation in mitochondria [12].
• However, when in the presence of Ca(2+), mangiferin elicits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), as evidenced by cyclosporin A-sensitive mitochondrial swelling [12].
• The results indicate that the pharmacokinetics of mangiferin at doses of 10-30 mg/kg reveals a linear relation, while doses of 30-100 mg/kg show a nonlinear pharmacokinetic phenomenon [13].
• Mangiferin at 10 microM induced near-full protection against 50 microM Fe(2+)-citrate-induced mitochondrial swelling and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (DeltaPsi) [3].
• Intraperitoneal administration of mangiferin exhibited significant decrease in glycosylated haemoglobin and CPK levels along with the amelioration of oxidative stress that was comparable to insulin treatment [14].

Anatomical context of Mangiferin

• Fe(III) Shifts the Mitochondria Permeability Transition-Eliciting Capacity of Mangiferin to Protection of Organelle [12].
• Effect of mangiferin on radiation-induced micronucleus formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes [2].
• In this study we report for the first time the iron-complexing ability of mangiferin as a primary mechanism for protection of rat liver mitochondria against Fe(2+)-citrate induced lipid peroxidation [3].
• The in vitro exposure of untreated mitochondria to mangiferin plus Ca(2+) also resulted in oxidation of thiol groups, in the same way that the compound inhibited the Ca(2+)-induced peroxidation of mitochondrial membrane lipids [15].
• Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium and brain striatum of Sprague-Dawley rats, and mangiferin at doses of 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg were then administered via the femoral vein [13].

Associations of Mangiferin with other chemical compounds

• However, YCT showed significantly higher activity in assays of phospholipid peroxidation, inhibition of protein glycation, and superoxide (O(2)(?-)) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) scavenging, as compared with mangiferin, suggesting that the nonmangiferin constituents of YCT contribute to its additional antioxidant activities [16].
• Aspalathin and mangiferin, major polyphenols in rooibos and Cyclopia spp., respectively, exhibited weak to moderate protective effects when compared to the major green tea catechin, (-)epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) [17].
• Mangiferin and chlorogenic Acid from hypericum species [18].
• Secologanoside is reported here for the first time in Gentianaceae species; the antioxidant mangiferin was obtained as the major compound in good yield [19].
• Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to develop calibration models to predict the mangiferin and hesperidin contents of the dried green plant material [20].

Gene context of Mangiferin

• This study investigated the effects of the natural polyphenol mangiferin (MA) on superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) production, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, vascular contractility, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA levels, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA levels, and tumour growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA levels [21].
• (Anacardiaceae; Vimang), which contains a defined mixture of components including polyphenols (principally mangiferin, MA), triterpenes, phytosteroids, fatty acids and microelements, on expression of inflammation mediators in inflammatory murine macrophages after stimulation in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) [22].
• Mangiferin also inhibited systemic TNFalpha at 20 mg kg(-1) [23].
• Mangiferin did no affect either IgM or IgG2a, but significantly enhanced production of IgG1 and IgG2b [24].
• An apparent anomaly, associated with the unanticipated finding that the alcoholic extracts (excluding mangiferin) of S. chirata significantly reversed the mangiferin-induced CNS-stimulating effects in albino mice and rats, was resolved [25].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mangiferin

• We attempted to isolate the active ingredients from C. cochinchinense and obtained an extract (YCT) containing at least 90% mangiferin as identified by HPLC and mass spectrometry [16].
• An in vivo microdialysis sampling method coupled to microbore high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for continuous monitoring of free mangiferin in rat blood [13].
• Repeated intraperitoneal injections of mangiferin (10 and 20 mg/kg) and insulin (6 U/kg) controlled STZ-induced lipid peroxidation and significantly protected the animals against cardiac as well as renal damage [14].
• The effect of mangiferin (MF) with exercise on bood lipids was studied in KK-Ay mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes [26].
• AIM: To study the pharmacokinetics of mangiferin in rats after oral administration of a single dose of Suanzaoren decoction [27].

References