Disease relevance of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• We conclude that steroid and chlorambucil treatment for six months favors remission of the nephrotic syndrome in adults with idiopathic membranous nephropathy and can preserve renal function for at least some years [1].
• The pathogenesis of Heymann nephritis, a rat model of human membranous glomerulonephritis, depends on the interaction of autoantibodies with a renal glycoprotein (GP330) on glomerular podocytes [2].
• Treatment of membranous nephropathy and the nephrotic syndrome with 2 mg/kg/day of indomethacin resulted in prompt and sustained reduction in urinary protein excretion and the loss of edema fluid, which allowed the withdrawal of diuretic therapy and liberalization of salt intake [3].
• Urinary TNF-alpha excretion correlates with proteinuria in patients with membranous nephropathy (MGN) [4].
• Measurements were made of the charge on the red cells of patients with minimal change nephropathy (MCN), membranous nephropathy (IMN), and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) during complete or partial remission [5].

Psychiatry related information on Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• However, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and necrotizing angiitis secondary to heroin abuse, membranous glomerulopathy owing to gold, penicillamine and captopril, thrombotic microangiopathy associated with mitomycin and tubular necrosis owing to cyclosporine A, cisplatin, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins are also reviewed [6].

High impact information on Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• Methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil as compared with methylprednisolone alone for the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The Italian Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Treatment Study Group [7].
• A randomized trial of methylprednisolone and chlorambucil in idiopathic membranous nephropathy [8].
• A randomized controlled trial of prednisone in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy [9].
• Histologic, electron microscopical and immunohistochemical studies revealed an early membranous glomerulonephritis characterized by the presence of subepithelial basement-membrane deposits containing IgG and C3 [10].
• Captopril and membranous glomerulopathy [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• These data strongly suggest that steroid therapy is beneficial in patients with membranous nephropathy [12].
• Prednisone in membranous nephropathy [13].
• Treatment of membranous nephropathy with prednisolone and chlorambucil [14].
• Cyclosporin in idiopathic steroid-resistant membranous glomerulonephritis [15].
• Letter: D-penicillamine-induced membranous glomerulonephritis [16].

Biological context of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• Nine patients with nephrotic syndrome secondary to membranous nephropathy (four cases), diabetes mellitus (one case), IgA nephropathy (two cases), and amyloidosis (two cases) had three to five IA of 2.5 plasma volumes over 4 to 8 d [17].
• These observations provide evidence that disruption of the CD40-CD40L costimulatory pathway can prevent the development of MGN by suppressing T cell-dependent antibody production [18].
• In each case, the formation of MGN was inhibited by the alkylation of free sulfhydryls with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) [19].
• The most common pathologies are IgA nephropathy, focal glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy and lupus nephritis [20].
• Studies into mitogenic signalling and cell cycle regulation in glomerular epithelial cells support a pathogenetic role for growth factors and glomerular epithelial cell proliferation in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and possibly membranous nephropathy [21].

Anatomical context of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• This report describes a 29-year-old bodybuilder taking anabolic steroids who presented with urinary retention, arthralgias, and peripheral edema, subsequently developed acute lower-extremity paralysis, and was diagnosed as having transverse myelitis and membranous glomerulonephritis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [22].
• These studies suggest that glomerular basement membrane deposits in captopril-associated membranous glomerulonephritis are not readily reversible and may be associated with persistent proteinuria, contrary to some previous reports [23].
• Currently available monoclonal antibodies against the B cell surface antigen CD20 have been employed to explore whether specific inhibition of B cells may help improve the outcome of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and may avoid the side effects of steroids and immunosuppressants [24].
• T cell subset modulation of immunoglobulin production in IgA nephropathy and membranous glomerulonephritis [25].
• NO2- synthesis was studied in active Heymann nephritis (AHN), a model of membranous glomerulonephritis in which macrophages have not been implicated [26].

Gene context of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• Biopsies from 83 patients with acquired proteinuric diseases were analyzed (minimal change disease [MCD; n = 13], benign nephrosclerosis [n = 16], membranous glomerulopathy [n = 31], focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis [FSGS; n = 9], and controls [n = 14]) [27].
• When the individual levels of each IgG subclass in the presence of cytokines were compared with those in the absence of cytokines in each sample, a significant increase in the production of IgG4 in the presence of IL-4 was observed in the idiopathic membranous nephropathy group [28].
• The interstitial compartment had a highly increased number of cells expressing ICAM-1 in MGN (32.4 +/- 4.6 cells/high power field) compared with the controls (9.4 +/- 1.2; P < 0.001) [29].
• IL-10 and IL-13 mRNA expression levels increased in the idiopathic membranous nephropathy group [28].
• A DQA1 allele is strongly associated with idiopathic membranous nephropathy [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

• We conducted a prospective randomized study in which patients with biopsy-confirmed idiopathic membranous nephropathy were assigned to receive either a six-month course of prednisone given on alternate days (45 mg per square meter of body-surface area; n = 81) or no specific treatment (n = 77) [9].
• To explore this uncertainty, a meta-analysis of controlled trials of treatment with cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil was performed in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy and nephrotic-range proteinuria [31].
• Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated a decreased expression of CD59 in the glomeruli of MGN patients [32].
• After showing that the levels of type IV collagen mRNAs were elevated in sclerotic glomeruli isolated from nephrectomies, we undertook this preliminary cross-sectional study of type IV collagen subchain mRNAs in renal biopsies in two of the leading causes of glomerulosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, and membranous glomerulopathy [33].
• Recurrence of renal amyloid and de novo membranous glomerulonephritis after transplantation [34].

References