Disease relevance of Diglycine

• Patients less than 75 years old who had breast cancer were identified from statewide tumor registries in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Maine, and New Hampshire. Controls were randomly selected from lists of licensed drivers if the case subjects were less than 65 years old, and from lists of Medicare beneficiaries if they were 65 through 74 years old [1].
• We reviewed 1808 hospital charts representing virtually all patients given a diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer in New Hampshire and Vermont between 1973 and 1976 and found that the treatment of patients varied according to their marital status, medical insurance coverage, and proximity to a cancer-treatment center [2].
• The study patients in New Hampshire (n = 411) and a matched comparison cohort in New Jersey (n = 1375) were Medicaid recipients 60 years of age or older who in a base-line year had been taking three or more medications per month, including at least one maintenance drug for certain chronic diseases [3].
• Acceptable definitions of cholecystitis included surgery, pathologic examination, hepatic iminodiacetic acid scan or right upper quadrant ultrasound, or clinical course consistent with acute cholecystitis and no evidence for an alternate diagnosis [4].
• Hereditary muscular dystrophy in chickens of the New Hampshire strain was treated with penicillamine from the 9th day after hatching to the 425th day [5].

Psychiatry related information on Diglycine

• This article reports on the 3-year course of 51 patients with co-occurring bipolar and substance use disorders in the New Hampshire Dual Diagnosis Study. Participants received integrated dual disorders treatments in the state mental health system and were independently assessed with standardized measures at baseline and every 6 months for 3 years [6].
• Medicaid pharmaceutical claims for a cohort of 836 New Hampshire beneficiaries with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were followed from 1995 through 1999 [7].
• Dimensional perspective on the recognition of depressive symptoms in primary care: The Hampshire Depression Project 3 [8].
• This paper reports 3-year outcomes for 152 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and substance use disorders, all of whom received integrated dual disorders treatments in the New Hampshire Dual Diagnosis Study. Outcomes are defined as positive coping behaviors identified by consumers as indicators of recovery [9].
• METHODS: Medicaid and Medicare claims were identified for dually-eligible beneficiaries ages 19+ in New Hampshire during 1999 (schizophrenia: N=1,423; depression: N=2,219; dementia: N=1,942; medical disorders alone: N=4,260) [10].

High impact information on Diglycine

• Unlike other ubiquitin binding domains, this domain contains a deep binding pocket where the C-terminal diglycine motif of ubiquitin is inserted, thus explaining the specificity of IsoT for an unmodified C terminus on the proximal subunit of polyubiquitin [11].
• The ubiquitin binding domain ZnF UBP recognizes the C-terminal diglycine motif of unanchored ubiquitin [11].
• A high proportion of purebred Hampshire pigs carries the dominant RN- mutation, which causes high glycogen content in skeletal muscle [12].
• Significantly, the site of USP1 cleavage is immediately after a conserved internal ubiquitin-like diglycine (Gly-Gly) motif [13].
• METHODS: In a case-control study we compared use of over-the-counter analgesics by 563 women from eastern Massachusetts and New Hampshire, USA, who had epithelial ovarian cancer with 523 women from the general population [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Diglycine

• Diagnosis of sclerosing cholangitis with technetium 99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid planar and single photon emission computed tomographic scintigraphy [15].
• In a patient with acute obstructive jaundice, cholescintigraphy with technetium-99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) showed uniformly reduced uptake in the left lobe of the liver [16].
• The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Southampton and South West Hampshire Health Authority [17].
• A novel immunochromatographic assay, the CARDS O.S. MONO test (Pacific Biotech, San Diego, Calif.), and a latex agglutination test, the Infectious Mononucleosis Kit (Unipath Ltd., Hampshire, United Kingdom) were compared with the Paul-Bunnell-Davidsohn test [18].
• CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal cholecystokinin dimethyl iminodiacetic acid scan effectively predicts relief of symptoms in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary dyskinesia [19].

Biological context of Diglycine

• The gene for variant late-infantile NCL (vLINCL), CLN6, was previously mapped to chromosome 15q21-23 and is predicted to be orthologous to the genes underlying NCL in nclf mice and in South Hampshire and Merino sheep [20].
• TFA was added experimentally to an upland, northern hardwood forest and to a small forest wetland ecosystem within the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire. Inputs of TFA were not transported conservatively through these ecosystems; instead, significant amounts of TFA were retained within the vegetation and soil compartments [21].
• We observed chloride concentrations of up to 25% of the concentration of seawater in streams of Maryland, New York, and New Hampshire during winters, and chloride concentrations remaining up to 100 times greater than unimpacted forest streams during summers [22].
• We genotyped the CAG microsatellite and six haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs962458, rs6152, rs1204038, rs2361634, rs1337080, rs1337082) of the androgen receptor gene in 987 ovarian cancer cases and 1,034 controls from a study conducted in New Hampshire and eastern Massachusetts between May 1992 and July 2003 [23].
• In order to isolate the binding protein, plasma was fractionated first on a column of immobilized iminodiacetic acid that had been equilibrated with copper ions [24].

Anatomical context of Diglycine

• We studied gallbladder bile flow before, during, and after cholesterol gallstone formation in the prairie dog using infusion cholescintigraphy with 99mTc-diethyl iminodiacetic acid [25].
• 99mTc bound to [(2,6 dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid] (5 mCi) was administered intravenously to visualize the liver and biliary tract [26].
• Indices of total liver activity, liver cell uptake, liver parenchymal clearance, and bile duct clearance of 99mtechnetium p-isopropyl iminodiacetic acid were calculated from time--activity curves over heart, liver, extrahepatic bile ducts, and gallbladder [27].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied the use of IMA grafts among 7944 patients undergoing initial, isolated coronary artery bypass surgery in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont from 1992 to 1995 [28].
• Technetium-99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid analogs are a new class of organic anions, taken up and secreted by hepatocyte into hepatic bile by a carrier-mediated organic anion pathway [29].

Associations of Diglycine with other chemical compounds

• These data indicate that the unique diglycine motif in the GRP1 PH domain, as opposed to the triglycine in ARNO and cytohesin-1, directs its remarkable PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) binding selectivity [30].
• The combined effect of two histidine mutants, E30H and Q62H, gave thioredoxin the capacity to bind to nickel ions immobilized on iminodiacetic acid- and nitrilotriacetic acid-Sepharose resins [31].
• The sequence portion consists of an exclusive series of y-type ions and y' ions (differing by the loss of one glycine residue from the sulfonated diglycine branch) that can directly reveal the amino acid sequence of the peptide and the precise location of the ubiquitination site [32].
• Hepatobiliary imaging with 99mTc diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid was employed serially in a patient with an hepatic allograft, in order to follow the function of the transplant [33].
• 3. On a molal basis glucose was half as effective as diglycine in slowing gastric emptying [34].

Gene context of Diglycine

• Bacterially expressed NEDP1 is capable of processing NEDD8 in vitro to expose the diglycine motif required for conjugation and can deconjugate NEDD8 from modified substrates [35].
• Linkage analysis established that CLN6 is the gene most likely to cause NCL in affected South Hampshire sheep, which do not have the c.184C>T mutation but show reduced expression of CLN6 mRNA in a range of tissues as determined by real-time PCR [36].
• Analysis of the same breeds at SNP C588T (HYAL3) indicates significant differences between Hampshire and Jiangquhai respectively Rongchang, but not between Jiangquhai and Rongchang [37].
• Protease inhibitors: synthesis of bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating succinyl hydroxamate and iminodiacetic acid hydroxamate moieties [38].
• For example, there were no significant differences in allele frequencies between pigs representing breeds Hampshire and Jiangquhai at SNP C633T (HYAL1), but between Hampshire respectively Jiangquhai animals and Rongchang pigs [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diglycine

• Among the patients in New Hampshire who regularly took three or more study medications at base line, the relative risk of admission to a nursing home during the period of the cap was 2.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 4.1), and the risk of hospitalization was 1.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.8 to 1.6) [3].
• In Massachusetts since January 1986, and in New Hampshire since July 1988, newborns have been screened for intrauterine infection with T. gondii by means of an IgM capture immunoassay of blood specimens routinely collected for screening for metabolic disorders [39].
• DESIGN AND SETTING--Population-based case-control study in Wisconsin, Massachusetts, Maine, and New Hampshire. STUDY PARTICIPANTS--Cases were women younger than 75 years with a new diagnosis of breast cancer (n = 6888), identified from statewide tumor registries [40].
• SETTING: Mammography registries in California (n = 1), New Hampshire (n = 1), New Mexico (n = 1), Vermont (n = 1), Washington State n = 2), and Colorado (n = 1) [41].
• Twenty patients fulfilled these criteria and were evaluated further for the presence of biliary tract abnormalities with biliary scintigraphy using 99Tc diisopropylphenyl-carboxymethyl iminodiacetic acid (DISIDA) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography [42].

References