Disease relevance of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• Acute toxicity of boron, molybdenum, and selenium to fry of chinook salmon and coho salmon [1].
• Sublethal exposure of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to Cr (as sodium dichromate) in freshwater decreased their disease resistance and serum a-glutinin production against Vibrio anguillarum [2].
• However, GCRV S10 shared a putative zinc-finger sequence and a similar distribution of hydrophilic motifs with the outer capsid proteins encoded by Coho salmon aquareovirus (SCSV) S10, striped bass reovirus (SBRV) S10, and mammalian reovirus (MRV) S4 [3].
• In a field trial, using formalin killed bacterins injected i.p. into pre-smolt coho salmon, the fish were naturally challenged by placing them in sea water where endemic piscirickettsiosis occurred [4].

High impact information on Oncorhynchus kisutch

• Juvenile coho salmon were exposed to morpholine or phenethyl alcohol (p-alcohol) for 1 1/2 months and then released in Lake Michigan. During the spawning migration 18 months later, morpholine and p-alcohol were metered into separate streams, and the number of morpholine- and p-alcohol-exposed fish returning to each stream was determined [5].
• We used the polymerase chain reaction to examine genetic variation in the third intron (C) of both of these genes in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) [6].
• Despite the hyperplastic (or goitered) condition in all prespawning or spawning Great Lakes salmon, serum thyroid hormone levels were generally higher than in prespawning coho salmon from the Fraser River, British Columbia, indicating that the Great Lakes fish were not necessarily hypothyroid [7].
• We compare serum proteins from rainbow trout, chinook salmon, coho salmon, and oyster toadfish with intrinsic factor as binding proteins in a simplified radioassay for B12 [8].
• These RPAs were used to examine the effects of exogenous steroids including testosterone, estradiol-17beta (E2) and 17alpha, 20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17alpha,20beta-P) in vivo, in coho salmon at three time points during the spring period of gonadal growth when plasma levels of FSH are increasing [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• Sublethal and acute toxicity of the ethylene glycol butyl ether ester formulation of triclopyr to juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) [10].
• Toxicity of Altosid and Dimilin to juvenile rainbow trout and coho salmon [11].

Biological context of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• The assay was specific for SL as indicated by the absence of cross-reactivity with coho salmon GH, gonadotrophins I and II and less than 0.2% cross-reaction to prolactin [12].
• Both somatostatin and the caudal neuropeptide, urotensin II, stimulate lipid mobilization from coho salmon liver incubated in vitro [13].
• A second peptide of the neuropeptide Y family was identified in the trout brain and this component was structurally similar to peptide tyrosine-tyrosine previously isolated from frog intestine (six amino acid substitutions) and identical to a peptide isolated from the pancreas of the closely related species, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Coho salmon) [14].
• Atlantic and coho salmon had higher mucous lysozyme activities in freshwater as compared to seawater [15].
• The relationship between plasma thyroid hormone concentrations and the thyroid hormone concentrations in selected tissues was examined throughout the spring during the typical course of parr-smolt transformation in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in fresh water and also in coho salmon moved prematurely to seawater [16].

Anatomical context of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• By use of antibodies against serotonin, a discrete subnucleus of putatively serotoninergic neurons was observed in the dorsal subdivision of the left habenular nucleus in the brain of the coho salmon [17].
• A study is presented of the binding of insulin and IGF-I to their respective receptors in the heart muscle of carp (Cyprinus carpio), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) and Sprague-Dawley rats [18].
• Ovarian receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and effects of IGF-I on steroid production by isolated follicular layers of the preovulatory coho salmon ovarian follicle [19].
• Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was isolated by ethanol extraction of pituitary glands from mature coho salmon [20].
• Androgen receptors were identified in the cytosol from ovaries of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch [21].

Associations of Oncorhynchus kisutch with chemical compounds

• During smoltification of juvenile coho salmon, liver and gill IGF-I mRNA levels increased with increasing plasma GH and thyroxine concentrations [22].
• The effect of steroid hormone treatment on coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was examined [9].
• In the coho salmon there is a transient increase in total brain concentrations of serotonin during smolt transformation which occurs midlife, just before down-stream migration to the ocean [23].
• Serum levels of L-thyroxine (T4) and triiodo-L-thryonine (T3) were suppressed in C57B1/6 mice following consumption of Lake Ontario coho salmon, but T3 and T4 levels remained unchanged in DBA/2 mice [24].
• At concentrations in the range 3.9-250 ng/ml, rsIGF-I significantly stimulated sulfate uptake by the cultured branchial cartilage of coho salmon [25].

Gene context of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• The N-terminal sequences of rabbit muscle and coho salmon enolase were determined in this way and are compared to each other and to the sequence of yeast enolase [26].
• IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) bands were observed in plasma of coho salmon by Western ligand blotting using (125)I-sIGF-I [27].
• When applied to several proteins, the procedure confirmed known N-terminal acylamino acids and identified acyl-Ser in enolases from chum and coho salmon muscle and in pyruvate kinase from rabbit muscle, and acyl-Thr in phosphofructokinase from rabbit muscle [26].
• The direct effects of somatostatin-14 (SRIF; synthetic ovine) and the fish caudal neuropeptide, urotensin II (UII; synthetic Gillichthys), on fatty acid (FA) release and on lipolytic enzyme (triacylglycerol lipase) activity were determined on coho salmon liver slices incubated in vitro [13].
• The sensitivity of the ELISA was less than 1.56 ng/ml and circulating levels of GH in the plasma of coho salmon and rainbow trout plasma were measured as 75 and 35 ng equivalents/ml, respectively [28].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Oncorhynchus kisutch

• Sequence analysis of the protein and the cDNA revealed that chum salmon STC is a homodimer, and that the monomer consists of 179 amino acids including 11 half-Cys residues and one N-linked glycosylation site, which is 44 residues smaller at the C-terminal region than the sequence deduced from coho salmon STC cDNA [29].
• Molecular cloning and cDNA sequence analysis of coho salmon stanniocalcin [30].
• Following hypophysectomy, coho salmon were injected every 2 days for 8 days with thyroxine, growth hormone, and cortisol, alone or in combinations, and sampled 2 days after the final injection [31].
• In results, we find that the EOG in coho salmon is highly sensitive to brief localized exposures of two of these three carbamate pesticides [32].
• Plasma estradiol-17 beta levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in untreated coho salmon of both sexes or in fish fed triiodo-L-thyronine during the smoltification period [33].

References