Disease relevance of Colorectal Surgery

• OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and safety of low-dose unfractionated heparin and a low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after colorectal surgery [1].
• The study has thus showed that the addition of metronidazole, an efficient agent against anaerobic bacteria, to an antimicrobial agent against aerobic bacteria significantly reduces postoperative septic complications in elective colorectal surgery [2].
• We studied 42 patients without wound infection after colorectal surgery and performed gallium scans within 40 days after surgery [3].
• In this study, the authors tried to determine the dose of remifentanil comparable in efficacy to 70% nitrous oxide and to evaluate its effect on postoperative pain and morphine consumption after colorectal surgery using isoflurane anesthesia [4].
• Male homosexuality, HIV infection and colorectal surgery [5].

High impact information on Colorectal Surgery

• Prophylactic peroperative intravenous metronidazole in elective colorectal surgery [6].
• The prophylactic value of gentamicin combined with either lincomycin or metronidazole in 52 patients undergoing colorectal surgery was investigated [7].
• Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: When conventional examinations are normal, FDG-PET is a valuable imaging tool in patients who have a rising CEA level after colorectal surgery [8].
• Cefoxitin disposition in colorectal surgery. Implications for the effective use of prophylactic antibiotics [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Colorectal Surgery

• OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of surgical blood loss and fluid volume replacement on gentamicin concentrations in serum and in 3 tissue types (subcutaneous fat, epiploic fat, and colonic wall) in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [10].
• A single 2 g preoperative dose of cefotetan was as safe and effective as multiple doses of cefoxitin in the reduction of postoperative wound infections after colorectal surgery [11].
• METHODS: Forty-two patients diagnosed with either colonic cancer, diverticulitis, polyps, or adenoma, and scheduled for elective colorectal surgery, were randomly assigned to either postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous morphine (n = 21) or epidural analgesia with a mixture of bupivacaine and fentanyl (n = 21) [12].
• Thus, the addition of either parenteral cefazolin or ticarcillin in this study significantly reduced wound infections in elective colorectal surgery [13].
• A comparison between single and double dose intravenous Timentin for the prophylaxis of wound infection in elective colorectal surgery [14].

Biological context of Colorectal Surgery

• Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of single-dose cefotetan used for antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [15].
• Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and metronidazole as prophylaxis in colorectal surgery: a study of bioavailability after an oral single dose [16].

Anatomical context of Colorectal Surgery

• Concentrations of trovafloxacin in colonic tissue and peritoneal fluid after intravenous infusion of the prodrug alatrofloxacin in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [17].
• Thirty consecutive patients scheduled for elective colorectal surgery were prospectively randomized to receive either filgrastim [the recombinant human form of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (r-metHu-G-CSF)] or placebo blindly [18].
• Concentrations of ampicillin plus sulbactam in serum and intestinal mucosa and effects on the colonic microflora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [19].
• Neutrophil adhesion molecules in colorectal surgery: effect of filgrastim given perioperatively [20].
• Lymph nodes containing microscopic tumor and/or shed TAG-72+ mucin were localized using radiolabeled CC49 monoclonal antibody and a gamma detector at the time of exploratory colorectal surgery [21].

Associations of Colorectal Surgery with chemical compounds

• A single dose of tinidazole and doxycycline before operation is a simple and effective prophylaxis against infectious complications following elective colorectal surgery [22].
• It is concluded that glucose is essential to ensure optimum utilization of amino acids for both muscle and liver protein synthesis and, therefore, intravenous hyperalimentation is preferable to amino acids alone after major colorectal surgery [23].
• A pharmacodynamic analysis was conducted using data from a previous prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study which compared two dosage regimens of gentamicin plus metronidazole for prophylaxis in connection with elective colorectal surgery [24].
• Effects of ampicillin plus sulbactam on bowel flora in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [25].
• Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of tazobactam and piperacillin in patients undergoing colorectal surgery [26].

Gene context of Colorectal Surgery

• In this study, systemic concentration of a spectrum of cytokines, including interleukins IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1ra, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I (sTNF-RI) was examined in patients with and without postoperative septic complications following colorectal surgery [27].
• Maximal local and minimal systemic cytokine response to colorectal surgery: the influence of perioperative filgrastim [18].
• PURPOSE: p53 and E-cadherin mutations are associated with a high risk of metastatic potential and local recurrence after colorectal surgery [28].
• CONCLUSION: The higher concentration of IL-6 in venous blood from the mesenterium of the resected colonic segment compared to systemic levels, indicates that the bowel is the source of the IL-6 response to surgical trauma in colorectal surgery [29].
• The concentrations of sulbactam and ampicillin were determined in sera and different abdominal tissues of 16 patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Colorectal Surgery

• Antibiotic prophylaxis with cefoxitin in colorectal surgery: effect on the colon microflora and septic complications--a clinical model for prediction of the benefit and risks in using a new antibiotic in prophylaxis [31].
• Single-dose chemoprophylaxis in elective colorectal surgery. A comparison between doxycycline plus metronidazole and doxycycline [2].
• The efficacy and tolerability of oral sodium phosphate solution was generally similar to, or significantly better than, that of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or other colorectal cleansing regimens in patients preparing for colonoscopy, colorectal surgery or other colorectal-related procedures [32].
• Plasma and epiploic-fat drug concentrations determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and fat penetration of pefloxacin and its metabolite (norfloxacin) given for antimicrobial prophylaxis were studied in patients scheduled for colorectal surgery [33].
• Taurolidine peritoneal lavage as prophylaxis against infection after elective colorectal surgery [34].

References