Disease relevance of Peritoneal Lavage

• Furthermore, when adenovirus expressing soluble Flt-1 (Ad-sFLT-1) was i.p. administered in vivo, a high level of sFlt-1 protein could be detected in peritoneal lavage for 8 weeks [1].
• In contrast to peritoneal lavage eosinophils, dispersed granuloma cells were unable to reduce ferricytochrome c (as an indicator of O2.-) in response to PMA stimulation [2].
• The six hour peritoneal lavage with glutaryl-trialanin-ethylamide, a low molecular competitive inhibitor of pancreatic elastase (IC50-8 mumol/l), effectively suppresses the evolution of taurocholate induced acute pancreatitis in the rat [3].
• Therapeutic cure of the peritonitis followed a ten-day course of amphotericin B administered solely by peritoneal lavage [4].
• In this study, telomerase activity was used to detect free cancer cells in peritoneal lavage fluid from patients with gastric cancer [5].

High impact information on Peritoneal Lavage

• Analysis of peritoneal lavage cells from CCR4(-/)- mice by flow cytometry also revealed a significant decrease in the F4/80(+) cell population [6].
• Prostaglandin levels were measured from serum, peritoneal lavage fluid, and muscularis culture media [7].
• To study the role that C/EBP epsilon plays in macrophages, wild-type and C/EBP epsilon-deficient (-/-) murine macrophages obtained from thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal lavages and differentiated bone marrow cells were compared [8].
• EtOH decreased IL-6 and IL-12 (p40), but did not significantly affect IL-10 in peritoneal lavage fluid or in lysates of peritoneal cells [9].
• In vitro, mouse eosinophils from peritoneal lavage fluids did not produce superoxide anion, but did produce an anti-inflammatory and fibrotic cytokine, TGF-beta 1 [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Peritoneal Lavage

• Camostate (FOY-305) improves the therapeutic effect of peritoneal lavage on taurocholate induced pancreatitis [11].
• DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifty rats were randomized into eight groups with different photosensitization parameters using the photosensitizer aminolevulinic acid (ALA): a peritoneal lavage was performed with either 1.5 or 3.0% ALA solution and the induced photosensitization times varied from 0.5, 1 and 2 to 4 h [12].
• PURPOSE: The use of laparoscopic peritoneal lavage in conjunction with parenteral fluids and antibiotic therapy in the management of generalized peritonitis secondary to perforated diverticular disease of the colon was assessed [13].
• Regarding gastric cancer, the most popular application of hyperthermia was the intraoperative hyperthermic peritoneal lavage with cisplatin [14].
• Rabbit heterophils, obtained by peritoneal lavage, were incubated in vitro with latex beads or Pseudomonas aeruginosa for 15-60 min [15].

Biological context of Peritoneal Lavage

• Apoptosis of Mac1(high) peritoneal macrophages was observed within 0.5 h of mFasL-VP injection and correlated with the detection of increased macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 levels in peritoneal lavage fluid as well as induced RNA expression of IL-1beta, MIP-2, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta [16].
• A total of 300 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery over a 3-year period were randomly assigned to receive intraoperative peritoneal lavage with either taurolidine or saline [17].
• Moxalactam kinetics in serum were studied in dogs receiving 15 mg/kg intravenously; 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally; 5 mg/kg hourly with peritoneal lavage; 15 mg/kg intravenously followed by 5 mg/kg hourly intraperitoneally; 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally after 24 hours of peritonitis; and 5 mg/kg hourly by peritoneal lavage after 24 hours of peritonitis [18].
• Growth hormone and IGF-I significantly increased peritoneal exudative cell numbers and reduced viable bacterial counts in the peritoneal lavage fluid and the liver [19].
• CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneal lavage had no effect on pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in healthy horses after abdominal surgery, in which localized nonseptic peritonitis was induced [20].

Anatomical context of Peritoneal Lavage

• When we reconstituted sublethally irradiated animals with various leukocyte subsets, we found that unfractionated as well as macrophage-depleted peritoneal lavage cells but not NK cell-depleted peritoneal lavage cells were able to suppress the growth of IL-2-expressing M-3D cells [21].
• Upon stimulation with the secretagogue Compound 48/80, DPP II is released from peritoneal-lavage cells and from purified mast cells, but not from purified macrophages, in a dose-dependent manner [22].
• The peritoneal lavage fluids in this model were found to augment histamine synthesis in PMN isolated from the bone marrow [23].
• RESULTS: uPAR(-/-) mice demonstrated a decreased LPS-induced neutrophil migration into peritoneal lavage fluid, whereas the chemokine and cytokine response was unaltered [24].
• In contrast, peritoneal lavage with tetracycline (1 mg/ml) resulted in complete inhibition of bacterial growth in the residual peritoneal fluid [25].

Associations of Peritoneal Lavage with chemical compounds

• In response to in vivo lipopolysaccharide injection, both wild-type and P2X(7)R(-/-) animals display increases in peritoneal lavage IL-6 levels but no detectable IL-1 [26].
• Recovery of lactate dehydrogenase activity in the peritoneal lavage fluid was increased 5.8-fold after 3 days and returned to normal levels after 14 days [27].
• One week after duct ligation when PAF levels peaked, an evaluation was made of the effects of PAF antagonists (BN52021 and WEB2170) on pancreatic lesions using Evan's blue extravasation, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and acid phosphatase activity in peritoneal lavage fluid [28].
• Two populations of eosinophils were separated from peritoneal lavages of polymyxin B-treated guinea pigs upon a discontinuous metrizamide gradient: one of low density (between 20 and 22% of metrizamide, purity: 63 +/- 3%, n = 27) and another of normal density (between 22 and 24% of metrizamide, purity: 87 +/- 2%, n = 16) [29].
• Parallel analyses of peritoneal lavage proteins for protein dityrosine and nitrotyrosine, molecular markers for oxidative modification by tyrosyl radical and (.)NO(2), respectively, revealed marked reductions in the content of nitrotyrosine, but not dityrosine, in MPO(-/-) samples [30].

Gene context of Peritoneal Lavage

• TNF-alpha levels in culture supernatants, peritoneal lavage fluid, and sera were not significantly elevated compared to those of sham-operated mice [31].
• MIP-1alpha, MCP-1, and MIP-2 levels in serum or peritoneal lavage fluid were determined [32].
• Concomitant injection of Vh and an otherwise lethal dose of LPS (200 microg) dramatically decreased levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in the spleen and peritoneal lavage fluid as compared to values determined for LPS alone [33].
• Peritoneal lavage fluid concentrations of IL-10 were consistently higher in TNF-pretreated mice after endotoxin administration [34].
• Here we investigated the cytokine profile of peritoneal lavage fluid obtained from mice that received i.p. injections of FFL, a FasL-expressing tumor cell line [35].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Peritoneal Lavage

• The protocol consists of appendectomy, routine use of systemic gentamicin, ampicillin and clindamycin, antibiotic peritoneal irrigation, and transperitoneal drainage through the incision [36].
• Nonoperative peritoneal lavage was followed with shorter treatment at the intensive care unit (16.2 versus 25.9 days, respectively) [37].
• Concomitantly, diagnosis of the underlying problems was approached using peritoneal lavage, abdominal and chest x-rays, iv urograms, cystograms, endoscopy, upper and lower GI barium or hypaque studies, ultrasound, scintograms, and CT scans [38].
• METHODS: In 229 patients gastric cancer tumor markers, CEA, CA 125, and CA 19-9, in peritoneal lavage were intraoperatively evaluated using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay [39].
• The patient survived a prolonged course of treatment, with mediastinal and peritoneal irrigation and parenteral antibiotics, before undergoing a successful heart transplantation 12 weeks after placement of the left ventricular assist device [40].

References