Disease relevance of TICARCILLIN

• The present case demonstrates that in vivo inactivation of tobramycin by ticarcillin can substantially increase the overall tobramycin elimination rate in patients with severe renal failure; however, in patients with normal renal function such inactivation is predicted to cause little change in overall tobramycin elimination rate [1].
• Severe neutropenia associated with ticarcillin therapy [2].
• Dose-dependent inhibition of experimental arterial thrombosis by carbenicillin and ticarcillin [3].
• In one patient a superinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa developed after treatment with ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium [4].
• An open study was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid in the treatment of 18 adult women with community-acquired Escherichia coli acute pyelonephritis [5].

High impact information on TICARCILLIN

• Tobramycin elimination half-life was seven hours with concurrent ticarcillin therapy but 35 hours without ticarcillin therapy [1].
• Protection against myeloperoxidase and H2O2 was also observed with the thioether-containing antibiotics, ticarcillin and ceftazidime, but at higher concentrations than with the aminoglycosides [6].
• An experimental model of canine arterial thrombosis was used to study by prophylactic antithrombotic effectiveness of carbenicillin and ticarcillin, two semisynthetic penicillins which have been shown to inhibit platelet function in vivo [3].
• These results should prompt further investigation into the treatment of acute pyelonephritis with ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid versus other antibiotics [5].
• Comparative study of ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium versus piperacillin in the treatment of hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of TICARCILLIN

• Piperacillin plus amikacin was compared in a prospective randomized double-blind trial with our standard regimen of ticarcillin plus amikacin as empiric therapy of fever in patients with granulocytopenia [8].
• In one patient, reversible thrombocytopenia developed that required discontinuation of ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium [4].
• Clavulanate induces expression of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa AmpC cephalosporinase at physiologically relevant concentrations and antagonizes the antibacterial activity of ticarcillin [9].
• Azlocillin was relatively ineffective against actively growing cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in tests of bacteriolytic and bactericidal activity in which ticarcillin demonstrated pronounced bactericidal effects over a wide range of concentrations [10].
• Impact of dosing intervals on activity of gentamicin and ticarcillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in granulocytopenic mice [11].

Biological context of TICARCILLIN

• Clavulanic acid in combination with ticarcillin was effective and safe in treating fever in the immunocompromised host [12].
• We compared the pharmacokinetics of ticarcillin at a dose of 120 mg/kg in 11 patients with cystic fibrosis to 11 control subjects matched for age and sex [13].
• Ticarcillin serum protein binding was determined by ultrafiltration [14].
• The kinetics of mezlocillin, due to removal by nonrenal mechanisms, more closely resemble the kinetics of penicillin G and ampicillin than of carbenicillin and ticarcillin [15].
• These doses evoked abnormalities in platelet aggregation similar to those found with piperacillin and mezlocillin and less striking than those produced by carbenicillin and ticarcillin [16].

Anatomical context of TICARCILLIN

• During a multicenter prospective randomized trial in febrile neutropenic patients (neutrophil count, less than 1,000/cu mm), 103 episodes were treated with tobramycin sulfate plus ticarcillin disodium (TT) while 117 were treated with moxalactam plus ticarcillin disodium (MT) [17].
• Although P. aeruginosa was not eradicated from the sputum, the clinical results suggest that the combination of tobramycin and ticarcillin may be particularly useful for treatment of acute exacerbations of pulmonary disease in patients with cystic fibrosis from whom P. aeruginosa is isolated [18].
• Microscopic observation showed that azlocillin generally induced the formation of filamentous cells of P. aeruginosa which lysed only slowly, but ticarcillin caused the production of spheroplasts and subsequent rapid lysis [10].
• The penetration into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and efficacy of ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, ticarcillin alone, and ceftazidime were compared in rabbits with experimentally induced Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis [19].
• The steady-state volume of distribution (9.9 and 12.9 liters for ticarcillin and clavulanic acid) approximated the extracellular fluid space and was not related to CLCR [20].

Associations of TICARCILLIN with other chemical compounds

• These in vitro data suggest that ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid may be used as a single antibiotic in the cases of bacterial septicemias and that the combination may be used in the treatment of multiple-antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains [21].
• Inactivation of aminoglycosides by carbenicillin and ticarcillin is a well-recognized in vitro phenomenon [22].
• Timentin, a combination of clavulanic acid (0.1 g) and ticarcillin (3.0 g), has proved effective in vitro against bacterial pathogens that produce beta-lactamases [23].
• The serum levels were 110 +/- 20 microgram/ml one hour after intravenous infusion of 5 g of ticarcillin disodium [24].
• It is well known that in vitro the combination of carbenicillin, ticarcillin, or other antipseudomonal penicillins with gentamicin, tobramycin, or other aminoglycoside antibiotics results in the inactivation of the antibacterial activity of the aminoglycoside [25].

Gene context of TICARCILLIN

• The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ticarcillin for beta-lactamase nonproducers of MSSA, MRSA, H. influenzae, E. coli, P. vulgaris, S. marcescens, E. cloacae, B. fragilis and beta-lactamase producers of MSSA, H. influenzae strains were all within the in vitro susceptible range [26].
• Ticarcillin MICs for beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and most Staphylococcus aureus were reduced to less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml when CA was added [27].
• Forty-three hospitalized patients were treated with a new antibiotic combination containing ticarcillin plus the beta-lactamase inhibitor, clavulanic acid, in a fixed combination for intravenous use [28].
• In P. aeruginosa Pa695, a higher level of resistance to ceftazidime than to ticarcillin was observed, and no synergy between the beta-lactamase inhibitors and extended-spectrum cephalosporins was detected, in contrast to the resistance pattern observed in K. pneumoniae [29].
• A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for determining the concentrations of ticarcillin in serum was developed and compared, with 93 patient sera, to a standard agar well diffusion bioassay [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TICARCILLIN

• The nonrenal clearance of ticarcillin was also significantly higher in patients with cystic fibrosis (24.8 +/- 11.1 versus 13.3 +/- 6.0 ml/min/m2 for the control group; p = 0.006) [13].
• Long-term ticarcillin desensitization by the continuous oral administration of penicillin [31].
• Determination of ticarcillin levels in serum by high-pressure liquid chromatography [30].
• Ticarcillin concentrations in serum, muscle, and fat after a single intravenous injection [32].
• Ticarcillin was removed by hemodialysis with a reduction in half-life to 3.4 +/- 0.8 hr, but peritoneal dialysis was minimally effective in removing the drug [33].

References