Disease relevance of Corneal Stroma

• We describe on a patient with unusual, hitherto unreported calcareous degeneration of the corneal stroma after topical steroid-phosphate therapy for chronic keratoconjunctivitis after Stevens-Johnson syndrome [1].
• Lattice corneal dystrophy type I (LCDI) is an inherited autosomal dominant local amyloidosis, restricted to the corneal stroma [2].
• By controlling the interlamellar spacing, keratan sulfate plays a role in postoperative edema, remodeling of the corneal stroma, and simultaneous regulation of inflammation after PRK [3].
• METHODS: A gelatin hydrogel sheet impregnated with basic fibroblast growth factor was implanted into the corneal stroma of rabbits; this induced corneal angiogenesis [4].
• Patient age greater than 55 years, higher TNM category, and unfavorable tumor location (palpebral conjunctiva, fornix, caruncle, corneal stroma, eyelid) were identified as prognostic factors for death from metastatic melanoma [5].

High impact information on Corneal Stroma

• The two most common autosomal dominant dystrophies of the corneal stroma are lattice corneal dystrophy type I and granular dystrophy [6].
• The corneal stroma was edematous and contained numerous eosinophils and mononuclear cells [7].
• In immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy analyses, the antibodies against the NH2-terminal domain react with type V molecules present within mature heterotypic fibrils of the corneal stroma [8].
• The ultrastructure of the corneal stroma after NaCl and NaCl/CaCl2 extraction was also studied [9].
• Pitx2 is intrinsically required in neural crest for specification of corneal endothelium, corneal stroma and the sclera [10].

Biological context of Corneal Stroma

• Does chondroitin sulfate have a role to play in the morphogenesis of the chick primary corneal stroma [11]?
• After corneal stromas were digested with proteinase K, aliquots were used to estimate total collagen from hydroxyproline and cell number from DNA measurements [12].
• These findings demonstrate that a chemotactic gradient triggered in part by MIP-2 is responsible for directing inflammatory cell migration through the corneal stroma [13].
• The cells of the corneal stroma (keratocytes) are capable of synthesising TSP-1 in a wound repair phenotype, but do not appear to produce the protein in the normal human adult cornea [14].
• The identification of keratocyte-specific expression of betaGal reporter gene in the adult transgenic mice is an important first step in characterizing the Ktcn promoter in order to use it to drive a foreign gene expression in corneal stroma [15].

Anatomical context of Corneal Stroma

• The impaired recovery of corneal transparency in AQP1 null mice provides evidence for the involvement of AQP1 in active extrusion of fluid from the corneal stroma across the corneal endothelium [16].
• A 4 M guanidine HCl extract of the corneal stromas was prepared and combined with a 4 M guanidine HCl extract of stromas from 300 unlabeled corneas [17].
• This corticosteroid inhibited the infiltration of leukocytes and the subsequent vascular invasion into the corneal stroma, if administered immediately after silver nitrate cauterization [18].
• Among several tissues, only corneal stroma contained an extracellular matrix which stained for keratan sulfate, though intracellular staining of some cartilage cells was observed [19].
• Prolonged virus expression in the corneal stroma was suggested to cause bystander activation of Th1-type CD4(+) T cells, further contributing to the severity of HSK lesion expression in muK/O mice [20].

Associations of Corneal Stroma with chemical compounds

• There is accumulation of phospholipid, unesterified cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the corneal stroma; this is believed to be due to an imbalance in the local factors affecting lipid/cholesterol transport or metabolism [21].
• beta-D xyloside alters dermatan sulfate proteoglycan synthesis and the organization of the developing avian corneal stroma [22].
• Radioisotopically labeled proteoglycans were isolated from a 4 M guanidine HCl, 2% Triton X-100 extract of corneal stroma from day 18 chicken embryos by anion-exchange chromatography [23].
• Immunochemical techniques were used to determine whether cells of the avascular corneal stroma (keratocytes) have the ability to synthesize thrombo- spondin 1 (TSP1), a glycoprotein originally described in platelets and more recently implicated in regulating cell behavior (e.g., migration) during wound repair in vascular tissue [24].
• Hydrogel ICLs of 54%, 63%, 66% and 71% water content showed no loss of hydration (by weight) after one week in the rabbit corneal stroma [25].

Gene context of Corneal Stroma

• Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for MMP-9, fibronectin, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) on the superficial corneal stroma of the ulcer bed, but no inflammatory cells [26].
• IGFBP-3 mRNA and protein increased in mouse corneas soon after PRK, when in vivo immunostaining of the corneas showed expression of IGFBP-3 in the deep layer of the corneal stroma [27].
• Fibronectin, perlecan, and thrombospondin-1 were elevated, whereas type VI collagen decreased in the transgenic corneal stroma [28].
• The presence of CXCR4 was confirmed by autoradiography of the radioligand on slices of corneal stroma [29].
• Little, if any, IL-1 beta was detected in the unwounded corneal stroma [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Corneal Stroma

• METHODS: Wholemounts of paraformaldehyde-fixed corneal stroma from normal mice at 5 to 16 weeks of age were examined in single- and double-color immunomorphologic studies performed with confocal microscopy [31].
• SP immunofluorescence was observed in varicose fibers of the corneal epithelium and nerve trunks in the corneal stroma [32].
• A hydrogel intracorneal lens for refractive keratoplasty must have predictable and stable optics when implanted in the corneal stroma [25].
• After oral administration of fluorescein, the apparent concentrations of both dyes in the corneal stroma and the anterior chamber were measured by differential fluorometry [33].
• The polymerase chain reaction was used to examine fibronectin (FN) expression during corneal scrape wounding with specific attention to the presence, absence, or gross changes of alternatively spliced FN as differentially expressed in the corneal stroma versus the epithelium in normal and wounded tissue [34].

References