Disease relevance of Corneal Transplantation

• This group of conditions includes Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy of the cornea (FECD), one of the commonest indications for corneal transplantation performed in developed countries, posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPCD) and the congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophies (CHED) [1].
• The present clinical study was performed to investigate the safety, efficacy, and stability of a noncontact mode of holmium: YAG laser energy delivery and a modified laser thermal keratoplasty treatment procedure for correction of low hyperopia [2].
• Six epikeratoplasty (EKP) specimens were obtained 1 to 10 months after refractive keratoplasty for aphakia (2 cases), keratoconus (1 case), and myopia (3 cases) [3].
• CONCLUSIONS: Tectonic and therapeutic lamellar keratoplasty, combined with aggressive antibiotic therapy, preserved globe integrity and eradicated infection in cases of severe scleral melting after pterygium surgery [4].
• A patient with macular corneal dystrophy who had a successful 6-mm corneal transplant 23 years ago underwent a second keratoplasty for marked irregular astigmatism [5].

High impact information on Corneal Transplantation

• Reduced graft rejection with good HLA-A and B matching in high-risk corneal transplantation [6].
• Since the mouse cornea expresses abundant Fas ligand and immune privilege has been implicated in the success of these transplants, we examined the role of FasL in corneal transplantation [7].
• Single corneas of nine patients about to undergo full-thickness corneal keratoplasty were exposed to thiomersal by application of a hydrophilic gel contact lens preserved with this mercurial agent [8].
• Indeed, the action of corneal Fas ligand has been suggested to facilitate successful allogeneic cornea transplantation [9].
• We investigated the activity of IDO in the cornea, following corneal transplantation and the effect of IDO over-expression in donor corneal endothelium on the survival of corneal allografts [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Corneal Transplantation

• PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A 0.5% as a substitute for corticosteroids in the management of therapeutic keratoplasties for mycotic keratitis [11].
• Topical cyclosporin A in the management of therapeutic keratoplasty for mycotic keratitis [11].
• Application of mizoribine after keratoplasty and in the treatment of uveitis [12].
• Gentamicin-resistant streptococcal endophthalmitis after keratoplasty [13].
• We examined a 56-year-old man with keratoconjunctivitis sicca and marked ocular surface disease in whom the prolonged frequent use of topical medications containing the preservative benzalkonium chloride was associated with corneal endothelial damage requiring corneal transplantation in one eye [14].

Biological context of Corneal Transplantation

• RESULTS: We demonstrated a gradual increase in the absolute cell number of different hematopoietic subpopulations in the AH after allogeneic cornea transplantation [15].
• CONCLUSIONS: There is concurrent, VEGF-A-dependent hem- and lymphangiogenesis after normal-risk keratoplasty within the preoperatively avascular recipient bed [16].
• METHODS: Between 1987 and 1993, ABO, Lewis and HLA phenotypes were determined in 697 consecutive grafts of corneal transplantations [17].
• OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of topical soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I (sTNFR-I) on survival of murine orthotopic corneal transplants and on ocular chemokine gene expression after corneal transplantation [18].
• In 107 HLA-A- and HLA-B-matched corneal transplantations performed in high-risk patients, the 3-year graft survival was 60.5% [19].

Anatomical context of Corneal Transplantation

• The presence of a layer of abnormal material in Descemet's membrane in eight keratoplasty specimens served as a marker to determine whether Chandler's syndrome, Essential Iris Atrophy, and the Cogan-Reese syndrome are congenital or acquired conditions [20].
• It thus appears that the expression of MHC and leukocyte antigens by cells in the rat cornea is similar to that reported in the human, indicating that the rat may indeed provide a good model of human corneal transplantation [21].
• Corneas diagnosed with ICE syndrome and removed during corneal transplantation were freshly frozen, sectioned, and stained with monoclonal antibodies to keratin subgroups, vimentin, desmin, and a series of other antibodies against intermediate filaments [22].
• Donor eyes, unsuitable for use in keratoplasty, were obtained from the Wisconsin Lions Eye Bank. The endothelium of each donor eye was examined using wide-field specular microscopy, and the specular micrographs were traced and digitized for the determination of cell density [23].
• These results demonstrated that donor corneal endothelial cells preserved for up to one month at 34 C in 1.35% chondroitin sulfate appear to survive and function after keratoplasty as well as those preserved at 4 C for one to three days in McCarey-Kaufman medium [24].

Associations of Corneal Transplantation with chemical compounds

• Immunosuppression with cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil after penetrating high-risk keratoplasty: a retrospective study [25].
• These small differences illustrate the accuracy of the algorithm in predicting the effects of refractive keratoplasty with hydrogel intracorneal lenses [26].
• Coadministration of the new macrolide immunosuppressant RAD and mycophenolate mofetil in experimental corneal transplantation [27].
• CONCLUSIONS: To prevent or delay graft rejection, it is necessary to administer clodronate liposomes in the early phase after corneal transplantation [28].
• In eyes with heparin:cortisone pellets inserted into the donor button at the time of keratoplasty, the autografts remained clear for at least 6 wk (n = 10) but subsequently vascularized if the sutures were not removed, while cortisone pellets slowed but did not block vascularization (n = 6) [29].

Gene context of Corneal Transplantation

• Role of tumor necrosis factor receptors TNFR-I (P55) and TNFR-II (P75) in corneal transplantation [30].
• Our findings indicate that HLA class II DNA typing is clinically relevant for corneal transplant recipients and that especially HLA-DPB1 matching has a beneficial effect in high-risk corneal transplantation [31].
• Mechanisms of immunotherapeutic intervention by anti-CD154 (CD40L) antibody in high-risk corneal transplantation [32].
• METHODS: Indirect immunohistochemistry for VEGF, TGFalpha, and TGFbeta1, was performed on paraffin-embedded corneas obtained by keratoplasty [33].
• Significant effect of high-resolution HLA-DRB1 matching in high-risk corneal transplantation [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Corneal Transplantation

• INTRODUCTION: The effect of RAD, a new macrolide immunosuppressant, was examined as mono- and combination therapy with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in prevention of acute allograft rejection in murine corneal transplantation [27].
• In this retrospective investigation we analyzed the long-term results of 417 high-risk keratoplasties with systemic immunosuppression (cyclosporine A [CsA] or mycophenolate mofetil [MMF]) [25].
• An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the presence of antibodies to recombinant protein in the sera of high-risk patients undergoing corneal transplantation and of control subjects [35].
• METHODS: The authors compared the visual outcome, rate, and pattern of recurrence after 20 penetrating keratoplasties and 11 lamellar keratoplasties for granular corneal dystrophy [36].
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of holmium:YAG laser thermal keratoplasty (LTK) treatment for overcorrection of myopia after a photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) treatment [37].

References