Disease relevance of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• The organization of DNA within the HSV-1 capsid has been determined by cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction [1].
• The location of the integrin binding sequence Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) on human type 2 adenovirus (Ad2) was visualized by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and image reconstruction using a mAb (DAV-1) which recognizes a linear epitope, IRGDTFATR [2].
• We have combined image reconstructions from electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) of bovine papillomavirus at 9 A resolution with coordinates from the crystal structure of small virus-like particles of the human papillomavirus type 16 L1 protein to generate an atomic model of the virion [3].
• The structure of the extracellular, three-domain poliovirus receptor (CD155) complexed with poliovirus (serotype 1) has been determined to 22-A resolution by means of cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional image-reconstruction techniques [4].
• To locate the amino terminus of VP2 within the core, we have used electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction to determine the three-dimensional structures of recombinant virus-like particles that contain either full-length or amino-terminal-deleted forms of VP2 coexpressed with the intermediate capsid protein VP6 [5].

High impact information on Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• Computer-assisted image analysis demonstrated that peak intensity of HMG-1-induced cellular TNF staining was comparable to that observed after maximal stimulation with LPS [6].
• We propose a detailed model for the structure of this arm, based on two constraints: the presence of an intermolecular disulfide bond linking residues 175 and 428, and the clear identification of a feature in the image reconstruction corresponding to an alpha-helix near the C-terminus of L1 [3].
• Recent image reconstruction of scruin decorated actin filaments at 13-A resolution shows that scruin is organized into two equally sized domains bound to separate actin subunits in the same filament [7].
• Three-dimensional structure of the acetylcholine receptor by cryoelectron microscopy and helical image reconstruction [8].
• Differences in alpha and beta polypeptide chains of tubulin resolved by electron microscopy with image reconstruction [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• Localization of interferon-induced lupus inclusions demonstrated by computer image reconstruction of monensin-treated Daudi cells [10].
• A carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute hepatocellular injury model had a higher fibrosis index (FI), determined by computer-assisted image analysis, than did an alcohol-induced chronic hepatocellular injury model [11].
• In each case, 300 nuclei of carcinoma or adenoma cells were analyzed on routine hematoxylin and eosin stained slides by means of a computer-assisted image analysis system that involved tracing the nuclear profiles (magnification x400) on a computer monitor [12].
• Immunohistochemical determination of estrogen and progesterone receptor content in human breast cancer. Computer-assisted image analysis (QIC score) vs. subjective grading (IRS) [13].

Biological context of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• Expansion and reduction of luminal areas as a reflection of water movement into and out of IBDUs prepared from livers of normal rats were measured by quantitative computer-assisted image analysis [14].
• Macroscopic and microscopic quantification of enkephalin and substance P gene expression was carried out using computer-assisted image analysis [15].
• The Y chromosome in particular always showed minute kinetochores, an observation which was quantified and substantiated using computer-assisted image analysis [16].
• These results were confirmed by quantitative computer-assisted image analysis, which showed that high grade aneuploid cartilage tumors demonstrated strikingly higher levels of p53 than did diploid low grade malignant tumors or benign cartilage lesions [17].
• Quantitative computer-assisted image processing techniques were used to measure changes in the Timm sulfide silver histochemical staining in the dentate gyrus of rats exposed to ethanol during gestation and following unilateral entorhinal lesions as adults [18].

Anatomical context of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• METHODS: VSMC orientation was determined with laser-scanning confocal microscopy and computer-assisted image processing in basilar arteries stained with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (wavelengths: excitation, 488; emission, 515) or propidium iodide (excitation, 529; emission, 550) [19].
• In situ hybridization (ISH) and computer-assisted image analysis confirmed that the levels of Bcl-2 transcripts were significantly (p<0.0001) increased in Pagetic osteoclasts [20].
• Archival hematoxylin and eosin slides were obtained for 22 of the 23 matched pairs, and morphometric features, including nuclear roundness factor and nuclear area, as well as numbers of nucleoli were assessed using computer-assisted image analysis in both tumor cells and normal prostatic epithelium [21].
• The boundaries of subnuclei of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were outlined on the basis of a step by step computer-assisted image analysis of coronal, serial sections of the hypothalamus in rats [22].
• Finally, the morphology of growth cones from rat cerebellar granule cells changed significantly when grown on NCAM-F3 substrata as revealed by computer-assisted image analysis [23].

Associations of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted with chemical compounds

• Computer-assisted image analysis microscopy demonstrated enhancement of spontaneous and agonist-induced contraction by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in individual cells grown on a glass substrate, from 37.2 +/- 7.3% to a maximum of 75.5 +/- 6.4% of the cells with piroxicam, at 1 microM U-46619 [24].
• In each case, 300 cancer nuclei were analyzed on routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides through the use of a computer-assisted image analysis system by tracing the nuclear profiles (magnification x400) on a computer monitor [25].
• RIF was evaluated by Sirius red staining of kidney sections and quantified by computer-assisted image analysis at 24 wk [26].
• Glomerular volume was determined by computer-assisted image analysis, and 4-hydroxyproline was measured by a highly sensitive gas-liquid chromatographic method [27].
• Image reconstruction of axial, coronal and sagittal sections was processed in a 128 X 128 matrix [28].

Gene context of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• Cryoelectron microscopy (cryoEM) and single-particle image reconstruction methods were used to determine the structure of nine recombinant vaults of various composition, as well as wild-type and TEP1-deficient mouse vaults [29].
• Computer assisted image analysis demonstrated increased glomerular PDGF-A in IgAN (P < 0.05), but not FSGS patients, compared to controls, suggesting an association with mesangial proliferation [30].
• This technique, combined with computer-assisted image analysis, permits the detection and quantitation of lymphokine-producing cells [31].
• Morphometric measurements were carried out by computer-assisted image analysis and immunohistochemical staining was performed using specific antibodies against ET-1, ETA, and EBB receptors, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) [32].
• The immunohistochemical expression of VEGF was quantitatively determined by computer-assisted image analysis [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

• Apoptotic cells were quantified and apoptotic indices were calculated by computer-assisted image analysis following identification of apoptotic cells by morphological analysis, the TUNEL assay, activated caspase-3 and cleaved CK18 immunohistochemistry [34].
• Examination of thrombin and TRAP-treated cells by immunofluorescence staining followed by computer assisted image analysis revealed that thrombin and to a lesser extent TRAP induced PDGF-AA protein expression [35].
• We have therefore employed a computer-assisted image-processing system to provide objective measurements of serotonin immuno-reactivity within the rodent dorsal horn and lamina X caudal to unilateral thoracic cordotomy in order to establish the intraspinal course of descending serotoninergic fibers [36].
• Quantitative evaluation was by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and automated computer-assisted image analysis using the Cell Analysis System's CAS/100 machine (Lombard, IL) [37].
• The advantages of MIB1 immunostaining on paraffin sections include the feasibility of retrospective studies and of obtaining clear morphologic specimens that are optimal for use with computer-assisted image analysis systems [38].

References