Disease relevance of Fundulidae

• Fundulus heteroclitus (Atlantic killifish, mummichog) from a highly contaminated site on the Elizabeth River (VA, USA) are resistant to the toxicity of sediment from the site [1].
• Oxygen consumption, blood lactate and inter-individual variation in the gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis, during hypoxia and recovery [2].
• A short-term gonadal recrudescence bioassay using the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) was employed to examine the consequences of environmentally relevant and pharmacological exposures (1-1000 ng/l) of the androgen, 17alpha-methyl testosterone (MT), and the anti-androgen, cyproterone acetate (CA), on reproductive endocrine endpoints [3].

Psychiatry related information on Fundulidae

• Effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl Aroclor 1242 on locomotor activity and on the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain of the gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis [4].

High impact information on Fundulidae

• LDH-B genotype-specific hatching times of Fundulus heteroclitus embryos [5].
• Physiological correlation between lactate dehydrogenase genotype and haemoglobin function in killifish [6].
• Temperature-induced phase shift of daily rhythm of serum prolactin in gulf killifish [7].
• Evidence of lactate dehydrogenase-B allozyme effects in the teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus [8].
• The opercular epithelium of Fundulus heteroclitus contains typical gill chloride-secreting cells at the high density of 4 X 10(5) cells per square centimeter [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Fundulidae

• Toxicity of methylmercury, mercuric chloride, and lead in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from Southampton, New York [10].
• We have developed a short-term gonadal recrudescence test with the estuarine mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) and determined endocrine end points sensitive to a strong estrogen agonist (ethynylestradiol; EE2) and an antiestrogen (ZM 189,154; ZM) at concentrations of 0 to 1,000 ng/L in three separate experiments [11].
• Effects of DDT in Fundulus: studies on toxicity, fate, and reproduction [12].
• Impact of cadmium on the mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus and the role of calcium in suppressing heavy metal toxicity [13].
• Toxicity of the PCBs Aroclor 1254 and 1242 to embryos and larvae of the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus [14].

Biological context of Fundulidae

• Genetic variation and relative catalytic efficiencies: lactate dehydrogenase B allozymes of Fundulus heteroclitus [15].
• The screening of liver and heart cDNA libraries from the teleost Fundulus heteroclitus with degenerate oligonucleotide probes to conserved alpha-helical regions in mammalian P450s resulted in the identification of two cDNAs that together represent a novel P450 subfamily, the CYP2Ns [16].
• In transient transfection experiments using a luciferase reporter gene under control of AHR response elements, killifish AHRR inhibited the TCDD-dependent transactivation function of both AHR1 and AHR2 [17].
• Short-term transformation and long-term replacement of branchial chloride cells in killifish transferred from seawater to freshwater, revealed by morphofunctional observations and a newly established 'time-differential double fluorescent staining' technique [18].
• COX2 in a euryhaline teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus: primary sequence, distribution, localization, and potential function in gills during salinity acclimation [19].

Anatomical context of Fundulidae

• Melanophore preparations of Fundulus heteroclitus that have been treated with the detergent Brij 58 can aggregate their pigment in response to epinephrine [20].
• The two Fundulus AHR genes displayed different tissue-specific patterns of expression; FhAHR1 transcripts were primarily expressed in brain, heart, ovary, and testis, while FhAHR2 transcripts were equally abundant in many tissues [21].
• Silver nitrate staining of blastoderms of Fundulus heteroclitus gastrulae shows that the number of marginal cells of the enveloping layer (EVL) is reduced from 160 to 25 during epiboly [22].
• Various Coomassie blue-staining yolk proteins (YPs) present in oocytes and eggs of Fundulus heteroclitus, a teleost that produces low hydrated, demersal eggs (benthophil species), were subjected to N-terminal microsequencing [23].
• A novel carbohydrate-rich sialoglycopeptide of apparent molecular mass approximately 6 kDa was isolated from the fertilized eggs of Fundulus heteroclitus (euryhaline killi fish) [24].

Associations of Fundulidae with chemical compounds

• In order to evaluate whether functional differences exist between allelic variants of a B type lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; L-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) in the teleost fish Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus), the kinetic properties of pyruvate reduction were examined [15].
• Here we report the cDNA cloning of two distinct AHRs, designated FhAHR1 and FhAHR2, from a single vertebrate species, the teleost Fundulus heteroclitus (Atlantic killifish) [21].
• Three NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase isozymes in the teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus (L.), exhibit differences in tissue and subcellular distribution [25].
• The fish, Fundulus heteroclitus (L.), like most advanced teleosts, possesses duplicate loci for the glycolytic enzyme, glucose-phosphate isomerase (D-glucose-6-phosphate ketol-isomerase, EC 5.3.1.9) [26].
• Both Fundulus AHR proteins possess bHLH and PAS domains that are closely related to those of the mammalian AHR [21].

Gene context of Fundulidae

• AHRR mRNA is widely expressed in killifish tissues and is inducible by TCDD or polychlorinated biphenyls, but its expression is not altered in a population of fish exhibiting genetic resistance to these compounds [17].
• A single AHR gene has been identified in mammals, whereas many fish species, including the Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) possess two distinct AHR genes (AHR1 and a novel form, AHR2) [17].
• This is the only detectable ARNT sequence in Fundulus liver, gill, ovary, and brain, suggesting that ARNT2 is the predominant form of ARNT in this species [27].
• Apoptosis, PCNA, and p53 in Fundulus grandis fish liver after in vivo exposure to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and 2-aminofluorene [28].
• Molecular cloning of CYP1A from the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and phylogenetic analysis of CYP1 genes: update with new sequences [29].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Fundulidae

• Sequence analysis demonstrates a high degree of homology at both the nucleotide and predicted amino acid levels between the Fundulus clone and these previously characterized type II enzymes, including the presence of an in-frame TGA codon that codes for selenocysteine [30].
• Laser scanning cytometry and tissue microarray analysis of salinity effects on killifish chloride cells [31].
• Real-time PCR was then used to demonstrate that mRNA expression of the COX2 homologue was threefold greater in gills from chronic seawater killifish than in gills from chronic freshwater killifish [19].
• Cellular distribution of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) immunofluorescence was detected by monoclonal antibody directed to the C terminus of killifish CFTR (kfCFTR) in chloride cells of fresh water (FW) adapted fish and animals transferred to sea water (SW) for 24h, 48h and 14+ days [32].
• In the purification process, glycoprotein was extracted from acetone-dried mummichog pituitary and separated by various liquid chromatography procedures [33].

References