Disease relevance of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• Increased risk of endometrial carcinoma among users of conjugated estrogens [1].
• 1891 women given conjugated estrogens for the menopause were followed for 12 years (mean) for incidence of breast cancer [2].
• Preliminary evidence has suggested that estrogens may be useful, and we therefore performed a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial comparing the effect of conjugated estrogens with that of placebo on hemorrhagic tendencies and the bleeding time in six patients with uremia who were on maintenance hemodialysis [3].
• Conjugated estrogens for the management of bleeding associated with renal failure [3].
• Recent and past use of conjugated estrogens in relation to adenocarcinoma of the endometrium [4].

Psychiatry related information on Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• Three patients taking conjugated estrogens developed akathisia induced by tricyclic antidepressants [5].
• Conversely, the amount or rate of weight loss was less in those patients receiving conjugated estrogens, oral contraceptives, propranolol, thioridazine HCl, and those who were receiving behavior modification as treatment [6].
• CONCLUSIONS: As with previous reports, these cases suggest that conjugated estrogens may be used to reduce physical and sexual aggression associated with dementia in elderly men [7].
• NSAIDs and conjugated estrogens have not proven to be of value to date for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease [8].
• RESULTS: With the exception of vertigo, mood depression, mood disorder, loss of libido, and dryness of skin, where tibolone was found to be more effective than conjugated estrogens/medrogestone, climacteric symptoms improved significantly in both groups over the 6-month study period [9].

High impact information on Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• Risk of localized and widespread endometrial cancer in relation to recent and discontinued use of conjugated estrogens [10].
• In a case-control study of the risk of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in relation to conjugated-estrogen use, we found that 31 per cent of 425 women with endometrial cancer and 15 per cent of 792 controls reported having used conjugated estrogens; the rate-ratio estimate was 3.5 with a 95 per cent confidence interval of 2.6 to 4 [10].
• Ethinyl estradiol was administered at 5 mg/day and conjugated estrogens at 30 mg/day for five consecutive days starting within 72 hours of unprotected coitus [11].
• Subsequent use, primarily of conjugated estrogens, eliminated the protective effect of an artificial menopause and appeared to act synergistically with epithelial hyperplasia or papillomatosis in the initial lesion and calcification of that lesion to increase the risk of breast cancer [12].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cholesterol gallstones are more common in women than men, and exposure to oral contraceptive steroids and conjugated estrogens increases the risk for gallstones [13].

Chemical compound and disease context of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• We conclude that conjugated estrogens are an adequate alternative to cryoprecipitate or desmopressin for the treatment of bleeding associated with renal failure, especially when a longer duration of action is needed and immediate onset of the effect is not essential [3].
• A total of 2763 postmenopausal women with known coronary heart disease were enrolled in HERS and randomly assigned to receive hormone therapy with conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate or placebo and followed for up to 8 yr for clinical end points [14].
• In the eight postmenopausal women with higher rates of bone resorption, diclofenac sodium and conjugated estrogens significantly lowered both urinary calcium concentration and urinary cross-linked N-telopeptides [15].
• Serum gonadotropin levels were determined in 10 patients with the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome before and following acute iv administration of synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) or conjugated estrogens, in order to clarify the hypothalamic derangements in the gonadotropin secretion in patients with hyperprolactinemia [16].
• Prevention of early postmenopausal bone loss using low doses of conjugated estrogens and the non-hormonal, bone-active drug ipriflavone [17].

Biological context of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• Conjugated estrogens acutely abolish abnormal cold-induced coronary vasoconstriction in male cardiac allografts [18].
• No effect of conjugated estrogens (Premarin) on blood pressure could be discerned when the blood pressure, corrected for age and relative weight, of 575 women on no medication was compared to that of 82 women taking only Premarin [19].
• The role of capillary membrane permeability and the effect of plasma protein binding on the influx of unconjugated and conjugated estrogens into a target organ, the uterus, and a metabolic organ, the liver, were studied in anesthetized rats [20].
• CONCLUSIONS: Conjugated estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate reduce insulin sensitivity in menopausal women without affecting body composition or body fat distribution [21].
• Lower doses of conjugated estrogens (CE) alone or combined with lower doses of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increase mean bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline at the spine and hip in early postmenopausal women [22].

Anatomical context of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• METHODS AND RESULTS: Coronary artery diameter and systemic hemodynamic responses to a 90-second CPT were measured before and 15 minutes after double-blind, randomized administration of intravenous conjugated estrogens (1.25 mg) or placebo in men with male cardiac allografts [18].
• In the uterus, the influx of the conjugated estrogens was markedly restricted and approximated the influx of dextran, a vascular space marker [20].
• In contrast to the selective permeability properties of the uterine endothelial barrier, the limiting membrane lining the hepatic microcirculation, the hepatocyte cell membrane, was highly permeable to all unconjugated and conjugated estrogens [20].
• Effects of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) on bone turnover, vaginal mucosa, and various blood parameters in postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conjugated estrogens-controlled study [23].
• RESULTS: Treatment with conjugated estrogens for 12 months significantly increases, at the level of the right great trochanter, the thickness of the skin (p < 0.01), as assessed by ultrasonography, and of the dermis (p < 0.05), as assessed by skin biopsy [24].

Associations of Estrone hydrogen sulfate with other chemical compounds

• Contrasting effects of conjugated estrogens and tamoxifen on dilator responses of atherosclerotic epicardial coronary arteries in nonhuman primates [25].
• In this study intact PTH was measured in six early postmenopausal women before and after 6 months of hormone replacement therapy (HRT; 0.6 mg conjugated estrogens and 5 mg medrogestone) [26].
• To delineate and compare the effects of perorally administered conjugated estrogens (CE) and transdermally administered estradiol (E2) in doses needed for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on haemostasis parameters, 23 postmenopausal women were engaged in a study with an open cross-over design [27].
• Effect of conjugated estrogens on platelet function and prostacyclin generation in CRF [28].
• Women were randomly divided into two groups: 40 women were treated by oral HRT (equine conjugated estrogens 0.625 mg/day + dydrogesterone 5 mg/day in a continuous combined regimen), and 40 women were not treated with hormones (control group) [29].

Gene context of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• Oral norethisterone plus conjugated estrogens increased free IGF-I and IGFBP-1 concentrations but did not change IGF-I concentrations [30].
• In the women treated with oral conjugated estrogens, an increase in SHBG (p < 0.001), a decrease in IGF-1 (p < 0.001) and an increase in growth hormone (p < 0.05) serum levels were observed [31].
• Two conjugated estrogens that are not Mrp2 substrates did not produce this effect [32].
• In contrast, eight weeks of oral conjugated estrogens caused a more than twofold increase in CRP and a significant reduction in IGF-1 (p < 0.01) in the same women [33].
• During incremental exercise, catecholamines, PRL, E2, unconjugated and conjugated estrogens, 4-OHE, and 4-MeOE always increased (the increases in 4-OHE during exercise were more pronounced before training, contrary to the 4-MeOE being most increased after training) [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Estrone hydrogen sulfate

• A double-lind crossover study involving 16 hypogonadal women compared the effects of placebo and conjugated estrogens, 0.625 mg daily, on gonadotropin levels, symptoms, sleep patterns, and psychological state [35].
• CONCLUSIONS: Conjugated estrogens acutely abolish abnormal CPT-induced coronary artery constriction in male cardiac allografts [18].
• The identity of the conjugated estrogens formed by all known overexpressed UGTs (n = 16) was analyzed by comparison with retention time and mass fragmentation of authentic standards by HPLC tandem mass spectrometry methods [36].
• There was a suggestion of a trend for increased risk of SSM with increased dosage of conjugated estrogens after hysterectomy (P for trend = 0.07) [37].
• Conjugated estrogens as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of acute schizophrenia: a double-blind study [38].

References