Disease relevance of GSTA

• Glutathione S-transferase CL1-2 heterodimers purified from 1-day-old chick livers were digested with Achromobacter proteinase I. The resulting fragments were separated for amino acid sequence analysis [1].
• Glutathione S-transferase cGSTM1-1, an avian class-mu enzyme with high sequence identity with rGSTM3-3, was expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli [2].
• Cloning and expression of a chick liver glutathione S-transferase CL 3 subunit with the use of a baculovirus expression system [3].
• A system for the expression and purification of soluble VP8*, part of the human rotavirus (HRV) spike protein, was established by expressing VP8* as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) [4].
• To identify and exclude the false positives when using GST as a fusion partner linked to the antigen of interest, indirect phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with capture phage ELISA [5].

High impact information on GSTA

• Moreover, a bacterially expressed recombinant glutathione S-transferase (GST)-CrkSH2 fragment bound paxillin in vitro with a subnanomolar affinity, suggesting that the SH2 domain of v-Crk is sufficient for binding [6].
• We also show that the ORF2 sequence of the CAV-related human virus TT-like minivirus (TLMV) possessed PTPase activity and steady state kinetics equivalent to CAV GST-VP2 when expressed as a GST fusion protein [7].
• To establish whether these viral proteins were dual specificity protein phosphatases, the CAV GST-VP2 and TLMV GST-ORF2 fusion proteins were also assayed for serine/threonine phosphatase (S/T PPase) activity using the generalized peptide substrate RRApTVA, with free phosphate detected using the malachite green colorimetric assay [7].
• Here we demonstrate that the heparin analog pentosan polysulfate (PPS) inhibits the interaction of glutathione S-transferase (GST)-Tat protein with heparin immobilized to a BIAcore sensor chip [8].
• Rabbit polyclonal sera raised against glutathione S-transferase (GST)-SSeCKS recognized a myristylated 280/290-kDa doublet in Rat-6 fibroblasts [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of GSTA

• Characterization of chicken-liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) A1-1 and A2-2 isoenzymes and their site-directed mutants heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli: identification of Lys-15 and Ser-208 on cGSTA1-1 as residues interacting with ethacrynic acid [10].
• Chick liver glutathione S-transferase CL 3-3, expressed using a baculovirus system in Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9) cells, contains a single cysteine residue per subunit [11].
• Protein engineering studies of dichloromethane dehalogenase/glutathione S-transferase from Methylophilus sp. strain DM11. Ser12 but not Tyr6 is required for enzyme activity [12].
• We describe the construction of a recombinant baculovirus containing the cloned DNA encoding the gp85 envelope glycoprotein of HPRS-103 (subgroup J) avian leukosis virus fused to the carboxy-terminus of the affinity tag glutathione-S-transferase [13].
• Sulfamethazine (SMZ) ip administration for 3 d to chickens showed significant induction of cytochrome P-450 levels and in the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase and glutathione s-transferase at the dosage of 150 mg SMZ/kg body weight [14].

Biological context of GSTA

• Two clones coding for class-alpha glutathione S-transferase were isolated from a chicken liver cDNA library [15].
• The Expressed Sequence Tag database has been screened for cDNA clones encoding prostaglandin D2 synthases (PGDSs) by using a BLAST search with the N-terminal amino acid sequence of rat GSH-dependent PGDS, a class Sigma glutathione S-transferase (GST) [16].
• VP8 cDNA, from the Wa strain of HRV, was prepared by RT-PCR, cloned into a pUC18 plasmid, and inserted into a pGEX-4T-2 GST fusion vector [4].
• The fusion protein GST-ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase catalyzed the hydrolysis of alpha-ADP-ribosylarginine to produce ADP-ribose and arginine [17].
• No consistent sex differences in GST activity were observed [18].

Anatomical context of GSTA

• Seventeen-day-old chick embryos were used as a test system to assess the effect of vitamin K1(K1) on benzo(a)pyrene (BP) metabolism as measured by the induction of arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and cytochrome P-450 and the levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver [19].
• Immunofluorescence microscopy of COS cells transfected with the alpha 2-AR subtypes showed that the antibodies raised against the GST-receptor fusion proteins specifically recognized their respective receptor subtypes [20].
• The chlamydial EUO-GST gene product also cleaves very-lysine-rich calf thymus histone H1 and chicken erythrocyte histone H5 but displays no measurable activity towards core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 or chlamydial RNA polymerase alpha-subunit [21].
• The soleus muscle contained significantly increased levels of SOD and GPX in 1 and 7 day old chickens, and increased GST in 1, 14, and 28 day old birds [22].
• 5. The results demonstrate that GST activity occurs in diverse tissues of the chicken and Bobwhite quail with kidney greater than liver greater than duodenum greater than testis, compared to testis greater than liver greater than duodenum greater than kidney in the rat [23].

Associations of GSTA with chemical compounds

• Based on known X-ray crystal structures of class-Alpha, -Mu and -Pi glutathione S-transferases, a model is constructed for the N-terminal 232 residues of CL1 [1].
• The activity of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) accepting the general substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was significantly higher in rabbits, horses and pigs than in rat, broiler chicks and cattle [24].
• Escherichia coli-expressed chicken-liver glutathione S-transferase, cGSTA1-1, displays high ethacrynic acid (EA)-conjugating activity [10].
• Effects of aurothioglucose and dietary Se on glutathione S-transferase activities and glutathione concentrations in chick tissues [25].
• To investigate the structure/function relationships of DdCAD-1, glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins containing different DdCAD-1 fragments were expressed and assayed for their 45Ca2+ and cell binding activities [26].

Other interactions of GSTA

• Characterization of a marsupial glutathione transferase, a class Alpha enzyme from Brown Antechinus (Antechinus stuartii) [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GSTA

• Amino acid sequencing, molecular cloning and modelling of the chick liver class-theta glutathione S-transferase CL1 [1].
• The avian cDNA was expressed as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein that was purified in a single step by affinity chromatography [28].
• Expression of the recombinant plasmid in E. coli resulted in the production of a GST/alpha 2-C10 fusion protein which was purified by preparative SDS-PAGE [29].
• Western blot analysis of human tissues revealed that this GST isozyme was selectively expressed in human liver, pancreas, heart, brain and bladder tissues, but absent in lung, skeletal muscle, spleen and colon [30].
• Recombinant chicken LIF (rchLIF) was expressed as a fusion protein linked to glutathione S-transferase (GST) and purified to greater than 90% purity in two chromatography stages, the first an affinity step using the GST tail, which was cleaved before further purification by gel chromatography [31].

References