Disease relevance of SYPL1

• The synthesis of four proteins we designated as heat stress proteins (HSPs) was increased by shifts to higher temperatures (HSP-1, 75 kilodaltons [kDa]; HSP-2, 42 kDa; HSP-3, 39 kDa; and HSP-4, 27 kDa); and the amount of one protein we designated as heat-labile protein 1 (29.5 kDa) was decreased at higher temperatures [1].
• It is apparent from the above discussion that acute stress, such as ischemia and reperfusion, hypoxia and reoxygenation, hyperthermia and oxidative stress, can rapidly potentiate the induction of genes for certain members of the HSP families and for antioxidants/antioxidant enzymes [2].
• In addition to the capsid proteins derived from native virions, antisera to both bacterial HSP proteins recognised expression protein VP1 of coxsackievirus A9 [3].
• These results show that the 35-kD antigen and HSP1 from Af downregulate IgE in vitro but are capable of inducing eosinophilia in ABPA [4].
• BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic infections such as those caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae and periodontopathic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis have been associated with atherosclerosis, possibly due to cross-reactivity of the immune response to bacterial GroEL with human heat shock protein (hHSP) 60 [5].

Psychiatry related information on SYPL1

• Loss of synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity in the hippocampal formation is an early phenomenon in Alzheimer's disease [6].
• The synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity was decreased in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex in patients with definite and possible Alzheimer's disease but not in multi-infarct dementia patients compared to controls [6].

High impact information on SYPL1

• A causal relationship between seasonal changes in steady-state levels of HSP90 and the threshold temperature for enhanced HSP90 synthesis is discussed in terms of existing models for the regulation of HSP gene expression [7].
• In conclusion, reduced HSP synthesis and accumulation of leukemic cells after heat shock correlates with the reduction in heat shock factor-heat shock element binding and a faster HSP-70A mRNA decay rate that is observed in these cells [8].
• Pantophysin is a phosphoprotein component of adipocyte transport vesicles and associates with GLUT4-containing vesicles [9].
• Immunoblot analysis of subcellular fractions showed pantophysin present exclusively in membrane fractions and relatively evenly distributed in the plasma membrane and internal membrane fractions [9].
• In the present study, Northern blots showed that pantophysin mRNA was abundant in adipose tissue and increased during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of SYPL1

• To study reactivity of chlamydial HSP 60 in sarcoidosis sera, sarkosyl-soluble (contains the 60 kDa HSP) and sarkosyl-insoluble (contains the 60 kDa structural protein) fractions of C. pneumoniae elementary bodies were prepared [10].

Biological context of SYPL1

• We have previously shown that phagocytosis, while activating NADPH oxidase, induced in PBM the synthesis of heat shock (HS) proteins (HSP) [11].
• The present study was undertaken to establish whether this increase in HSP expression was related to O2-. and/or to classical second messengers such as protein kinase C (PKC) [11].
• These results suggest that O2-. is not involved in the PMA-mediated induction of hsp70 and hsp90 and that, in contrast to HS, PMA increases the expression of HSP as a result of PKC-induced mRNA stabilization rather than of transcriptional activation of HS genes [11].
• Taken together, these results demonstrate that in plants some HSP genes are inducible by oxidative stresses, as in micro-organisms and other eukaryotic cells [12].
• These studies establish that AEG3482 inhibits JNK activation and apoptosis by a mechanism involving induced expression of HSP proteins [13].

Anatomical context of SYPL1

• In addition, pantophysin may provide a marker for the analysis of other vesicles in adipocytes [9].
• Addition of HSP mRNA to the control cell-free system stimulated protein synthesis at 42 degrees C, but not at 30 degrees C. These findings suggest that translation of HSP 70 mRNA is specifically promoted at high temperature and repressed during recovery from heat shock by regulatory mechanisms active at the level of initiation [14].
• METHODS: Cells from an immortalized, neuronally committed, human embryonic spinal cord-derived cell line (HSP1) that expresses motor neuronal properties in vitro were transplanted into adult rat spinal cord [15].
• The present work focuses on the equine protein SP-1/2 (also named HSP-1/2) with particular emphasis on its interaction with lipid membranes by employing the intrinsic protein fluorescence and a number of spin-labeled and fluorescent lipid analogues [16].
• HS did not increase heterologous T cell responses nor T cell proliferation induced by the non-processed superantigens such as staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The effect of HS was inhibited by actinomycin B and thus appeared dependent upon HSP synthesis [17].

Associations of SYPL1 with chemical compounds

• Sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation demonstrated that pantophysin and GLUT4 exhibited overlapping distribution profiles [9].
• Although the functional role of pantophysin in vesicle trafficking is unclear, its presence on GLUT4 vesicles is consistent with the emerging role of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive protein receptor (SNARE) factor complex and related proteins in regulated vesicle transport in adipocytes [9].
• PMA did not cause activation of the HS factor, and the PMA-induced overexpression expression of HSP was not blocked by the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D [11].
• Ubiquitin mRNA was induced by certain DNA damaging agents, in particular the alkylating agent methylmethane sulfonate, or incubation in isoleucine-deficient medium under conditions where the other HSP mRNA were not [18].
• Maximum-likelihood models of codon substitution were used to test for positive Darwinian selection at the vesicle protein pantophysin in two allelic lineages segregating in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and in 18 related species of marine gadid fishes [19].

Other interactions of SYPL1

• To stress the ubiquity of expression in contrast to the restricted distribution of synaptophysin and synaptoporin, I propose to refer to the encoded polypeptide as pantophysin [20].
• Pantophysin, a protein related to the neuroendocrine-specific synaptophysin, recently has been identified in non-neuronal tissues [9].
• In the temporal cortex, the reduction in synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity was inversely correlated with the neurofibrillary tangle count [21].
• We also studied the spatial relationship of synaptophysin-like immunopositivity with amyloid-beta-protein immunopositive senile plaques and anti-paired helical filament immunopositive degenerating neurons locally as well as considering the intrinsic circuits in the hippocampal formation [6].
• IHC for heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) shows the expression of HSP 1 day after FP, and IHC for alpha smooth muscle actin shows the presence of myofibroblasts 7 days after FP [22].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of SYPL1

• Thus, the effects of the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were compared with those of heat shock on the expression, in PBM, of the major HSP, hsp70 and hsp90, using biometabolic labeling, Western and Northern blotting, and gel mobility shift assays [11].
• To confirm this finding, we performed an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) with a monoclonal antibody (EP10) to a synaptophysin-like protein in brain samples from 45 prospectively studied elderly subjects with an average age of 83.3 +/- 10.1 years [23].
• We conclude that with certain precautions this method can be used to measure relative amounts of synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity and to infer the density of presynaptic boutons in human situations and in animal models [24].
• In this study, the HSP response in early stages of human liver transplantation was investigated [25].
• The expressed HSP 70s mRNA was then isolated and detected using the RT-PCR method [26].

References