Disease relevance of Mandibular Condyle

• Differential effects of hypothyroidism on the cartilage and the osteogenic process in the mandibular condyle: recovery by growth hormone and thyroxine [1].
• In the present study, we have examined the histological relationship between osteoarthritic changes on articular cartilage with or without articular disc perforation, and MMP-2 expression, in 85 mandibular condyles from cadavers [2].
• A case of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle causing severe facial asymmetry and malocclusion (occlusal deviation) is presented [3].

High impact information on Mandibular Condyle

• The data indicate a distinct sequence of expression of osteoblast-specific genes during osteogenic differentiation and new bone formation in mandibular condyles [4].
• We have investigated the temporal pattern of expression of c-fos in cartilage cells in mouse mandibular condyles [5].
• Leptin induction of both proliferation and differentiation activities in the mandibular condyle was confirmed by our findings of an increase in bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into DNA and in (acidic) Alcian blue (AB) staining of the cartilaginous matrix [6].
• The decrease in GLUT4 and in IGF-I and insulin receptors was associated with severe histological changes in the mandibular condyles and humeral growth plate [7].
• Thus, Runx2 mediates chondrocyte terminal maturation and endochondral ossification in the mandibular condyle in response to mandibular advancement [8].

Biological context of Mandibular Condyle

• The STT3 gene encodes a novel 718-amino-acid protein with significant homology to potential transmembrane proteins of Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse mandibular condyle (about 80% homologous and 60% identical) [9].
• These results demonstrate that the in vivo use of tunicamycin in combination with histochemical analysis using lectin probes is of significant value for the study of protein glycosylation in chondrocytes of the rat mandibular condyle [10].
• We have also shown that these mandibular condyles contain specific high-affinity binding sites (Kd = 0.157 nmol/l) for IGF-I (427 fmol/mg) [11].
• Localization and inhibitory effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on chondrogenesis in cultured mouse mandibular condyle [12].
• Quantitative analysis of extracellular matrix proteins in hypertrophic layers of the mandibular condyle and temporal bone during human fetal development [13].

Anatomical context of Mandibular Condyle

• In conclusion, testosterone stimulates growth and local production of IGF-I and IGF-I-R in chondrocyte cell layers of an isolated organ culture of mice mandibular condyle [14].
• The enhanced CTSB expression during the early stages of the enchondral ossification-like process in mandibular condyles in vitro suggests that CTSB participates in the degradation of cartilage matrix prior to the synthesis of bone matrix proteins [15].
• In agreement with others, we believe that the only specific CT lesions of RA are erosions and cysts of the mandibular condyle, that there is no correlation between clinical and CT findings of TMJ in RA, and that the intensity of destructive lesions of TMJ on CT in RA is well correlated with the severity of the disease [16].
• For example, compared to all other taxa, G. g. beringei has a significantly wider mandibular corpus and symphysis, larger area for the masseter muscle, higher mandibular ramus, and higher mandibular condyle relative to the occlusal plane of the mandible [17].
• BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of matrilin-1 in arthritic articular cartilage of the mandibular condyle by means of immunohistochemical methods [18].

Associations of Mandibular Condyle with chemical compounds

• Therefore, the ovx rat mandibular condyles dynamically altered their structures under the effects of estrogen deficiency and occlusal loads [19].
• Consequently, a net bone loss occurred in the posterior region of the mandibular condyle in ovariectomized rats, owing to region specificity and estrogen deficiency [20].
• The mandibular condyles of 1,25(OH)2D3 or Vitamin D3 intoxicated rats were studied and compared with those of normal as well as pair-fed controls [21].
• A monoclonal antibody against a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan related to versican reacted strongly in the surface fibrous layer of the mandibular condyle and moderately in the discs of the treated specimens [22].
• Apical segments of mandibular condyles of newborn mice were initially incubated in the presence of the hormone triamcinolone acetonide (10(-6) M) for 24 h and were thereafter cultured for additional 6 days in hormone-free medium [23].

Gene context of Mandibular Condyle

• In Msx1 null mutation, the most striking feature was an inhibition of the mandibular basal convexity, the absence of teeth and alveolar bone processes, and absence of endochondral ossification in the mandibular condyle [24].
• The percentage of PCNA-positive cells was low in temporal bone and in the bone-forming layer of the mandibular condyle at 24 weeks [13].
• Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in osteoarthritic fibrocartilage from human mandibular condyle [2].
• Dimensions of the mandible and mandibular condyle were similar between the myostatin knockout and normal mice [25].
• Expression of Notch1 and Math1 in mandibular condyle cartilage in neonatal mice [26].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Mandibular Condyle

• Immunofluorescence studies revealed intense staining with antibodies to IGF-I in the mandibular condyle of 2-day-old ICR mice [11].
• Autoradiography of the mandibular condyle revealed no sulfate labelling centrally indicating that this structure grows purely by surface apposition [27].
• Based on these findings, it was suggested that displacement of the mandibular condyle would exert an important influence on the prognosis after an increase in the occlusal vertical dimension [28].
• We compared wild-type and myostatin deficient mice to assess the postnatal effect of elevated masticatory loads due to increased jaw-adductor muscle activity and greater bite forces on mandibular condyle morphology [25].
• Changes in parathyroid hormone-related protein and 3-dimensional trabecular bone structure of the mandibular condyle following mandibular distraction osteogenesis in growing rats [29].

References