Disease relevance of C14199

• Sensitive assays for the induction of lung adenomas in A/J mice or skin papillomas in SENCAR mice failed to show activity for either 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl or 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl 3,4-oxide [1].
• These two organ toxicities were produced only by 3,3',4,4'-TCB despite the fact that equivalent or higher tissue concentrations of 2,2',5,5'-TCB were achieved in vivo in all tissues [2].
• In the recombinant Hepa1c1c7 mouse hepatoma (H1L1.1c7) cells strong antagonistic interaction of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) with luciferase expression induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) was observed, and similarly, between 2,2',3,3',4,4'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB128) and PCB77 [3].
• The effect of 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl on growth and death of the cyanobacterium Anabaena flos-aquae [4].
• The effects of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TeCB), a PCB congener, and biphenyl on the cytoplasmic membranes of Ralstonia eutropha H850 were investigated by measuring fluorescence polarization using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as the probe, and determining the cellular fatty acid compositions [5].

High impact information on C14199

• Non-arene oxide aromatic ring hydroxylation of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl as the major metabolic pathway catalyzed by phenobarbital-induced rat liver microsomes [6].
• Under identical conditions, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl 3,4-oxide (TCBO) yielded about 45% of the substrate as the above products in an approximate ratio of 0.1:1:0.01:1, as well as 10% as TCB [6].
• Such a rank order correlates both with previously determined biological activity of TCDD and the more active 3,3',4,4'- and less active 2,2',5,5'-TCB and with affinity for binding to the Ah receptor [7].
• 2,5,2',5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl impairs the bioenergetic functions of isolated rat liver mitochondria [8].
• The mitochondrial uncoupler, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) (1-2 microM), caused a large decrease of Delta psi(m), but only a slight loss of viability, which suggested that Delta psi(m) is not the primary cause of PCB 52-induced cell death [9].

Biological context of C14199

• Multiple effects of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl on oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria [10].
• Thus, we obtained evidence that at least one of the targets of 2,2',5,5'-TCB action within the phosphorylation module was ATP synthase [10].
• Effects of particulate carbonaceous matter on the bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl to the clam, Macoma balthica [11].
• Moreover, 2,2',5,5'-TCB decreased the number of oligomycin-binding sites by 20%, caused a significant drop in the membrane potential generated by ATP hydrolysis, and inhibited activity of ATP hydrolysis in uncoupled mitochondria [10].
• The most potent of the congeners studied was PCB 52 (2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl), which had an IC50 of 3.96 microM at 20 min [12].

Anatomical context of C14199

• The model accurately describes observed patterns of gastric evacuation and bulk flow of digesta, the concentration time course for [(14)C] PCB 52 in contents and tissues of the GI tract, and [(14)C] PCB 52 distribution to other major tissues [13].
• Absent of any apparent cytotoxicity, the ortho-substituted PCB congeners 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',3,3',4,4'-hexachlorobiphenyl, 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl were effective in decreasing the amount of DA released from PC12 cells [14].
• Effects of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) on migration of chicken primordial germ cells [15].
• Toxicity of 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl and its metabolites, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-3.4-oxide and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4-ol to cultured cells in vitro [16].
• In addition, these cell lines have been used to demonstrate that 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl can act as a species-specific AhR antagonist [17].

Associations of C14199 with other chemical compounds

• For the determination of a possible interaction of the effects in vivo of 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) and 3,4,3',4'-TCB, rats were exposed to a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and subsequently to 0.1 p.p.m. 3,4,3',4'-TCB and/or 10 p.p.m. 2,5,2',5'-TCB in the feed for 1 year [18].
• No significant effect of pH was observed for non-pi-donor hydrophobic compounds, whether planar or not: trans-1,2-dichlorocyclohexane (DCCH), hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB), 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl [19].
• An experimental investigation of the response of the multicomponent oxidative phosphorylation system to the environmental pollutant 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (2,2',5,5'-TCB) was performed by modular kinetic analysis in rat liver mitochondria oxidizing succinate (+ rotenone) and glutamate + malate [10].
• The non-coplanar, ortho-substituted congeners, PCB 8 (2,4'-dichlorobiphenyl), PCB 28 (2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl), PCB 47 (2,4,2',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl), and PCB 52 (2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl) (10 microM) killed neurons to different degrees within 30 min [9].
• Bioavailability of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils using a rat model and a physiologically based extraction test [20].

Gene context of C14199

• Metabolism of 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) was studied using liver microsomes of hamsters and two hamster P450 isoforms, CYP1A2 and 2A8 [21].
• Induction of apoptotic cell death by a p53-independent pathway in neuronal SK-N-MC cells after treatment with 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl [22].
• Purification and characterization of a newly identified isoform of cytochrome P450 responsible for 3-hydroxylation of 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in hamster liver [23].
• Kinetic dependencies of the respiratory subsystem, the phosphorylation subsystem, and the proton permeability of the inner membrane on the membrane potential Delta Psi were determined in the control and in the presence of 20 microM 2,2',5,5'-TCB [10].
• 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB) was used as a prototypical ortho-substituted PCB, which acts through Ah receptor-independent pathways [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of C14199

• The possible toxicological properties of 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB), 4-hydroxy-2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB-OH), and 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-3,4-oxide (TCB-oxide) were evaluated in three bioassay systems [25].

References