Disease relevance of Incidental Findings

• The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism most often results from the incidental finding of hypercalcemia [1].
• Conversion from low to high risk occurred with new onset hydronephrosis, febrile urinary tract infection, urinary retention or incidental finding of vesicoureteral reflux at the time of evaluation for continence [2].
• All lesions were incidental discoveries in first-trimester gestational endometria (two elective abortions; five spontaneous abortions; three hydatidiform moles; one tubal ectopic pregnancy) [3].
• The incidental discovery of scurvy in a patient with a symptomatic hiatal hernia has led to the identification of 9 other individuals with chemically proved vitamin C deficiency secondary to an expressed aversion to "acid" food in any form [4].
• Intracranial arachnoid cysts are a relatively frequent incidental finding in patients with ADPKD, providing further support for the systemic nature of this disease [5].

High impact information on Incidental Findings

• Senile cardiac amyloid discovered at autopsy is usually regarded as an incidental finding [6].
• 4 further controls, 1 in the heparin group, and 2 in the dextran group had emboli found at necropsy, which either contributed to the deaths or were incidental findings [7].
• An incidental discovery of this study was the identification of a high level of propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity and a lesser amount of methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase activity in pancreatic islets [8].
• An incidental finding of this study was the sharing of cross-reactive determinants by N1, N2, and N7 NA [9].
• Thus, the allelic frequency of the Thr/Ile130 variant among the control subjects in the Danish case-control study deviates from the prevalence in the two other studies which is why we consider the significant association between the codon 130 variant and NIDDM an incidental finding [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Incidental Findings

• It may be important to determine whether Atlantic salmon have been infected with IHNV because, although the virus is difficult to detect in asymptomatic fish, an incidental finding suggests it may persist in a small number of fish after the outbreak has subsided [11].
• These incidental findings, which were unrelated to the presenting clinical manifestations, included asymmetric fatty bone marrow (n = 41), inflammation (19), cholesterol granulomas (14), cholesteatomas (9), and neoplasms (5) [12].
• Incidental finding of pulmonary sarcoidosis during stress thallium imaging [13].
• Incidental finding of endolymphatic stromal myosis during luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist therapy for suspected benign uterine myomata. A case report [14].
• Dicyclomine in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)--a cause of death or an incidental finding [15]?

Biological context of Incidental Findings

• An important incidental finding is that renal denervation combined with propranolol administration decreased PRA from very high levels to normal in 50% of the dogs with experimental low output heart failure and a concurrent striking natriuresis occurred [16].
• The second patient, an incidental finding, was practically asymptomatic and had a de novo germline point mutation in the VHL gene (Arg167Trp) [17].

Anatomical context of Incidental Findings

• CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that arachnoid cysts are often an incidental finding in patients with epilepsy and do not necessarily reflect the location of the seizure focus [18].
• As an incidental finding, aggregates of PAS-positive granules were noted in the Ammon's horn of most old animals, while none were seen in the young controls [19].
• Vacuolation in renal tubular epithelium of Cd-1 mice: an incidental finding [20].
• An incidental finding was renal ectopia: The left kidney was located between the common iliac arteries posterior to the bifurcation of the aorta and to the right of the body midline [21].
• We describe an incidental finding of a rare type of anomalous coronary artery originating from the right coronary sinus of Valsalva and draining into the superior vena cava [22].

Associations of Incidental Findings with chemical compounds

• An incidental finding of the current study was the discovery of beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase in the islet [23].
• The incidental finding of greater M7 formation after basolateral compared with apical dosing could not be explained by differences in saquinavir cell content [24].
• Elevated serum testosterone levels were associated with acne regardless of whether this was the presenting complaint or an incidental finding [25].
• Incidental findings resulting from the application of this method were that human urinary monapterin and the major pterin of T. pyriformis were identified as a D-monapterin, which, until now, was not known as a natural pterin [26].
• The incidental finding of hypertriglyceridaemia led us to suspect the condition of complex glycerol kinase deficiency which was confirmed by the direct measurement of serum glycerol (7.16 mmol/l, normal range 0.02-0.21) [27].

Gene context of Incidental Findings

• An incidental finding was a statistical correlation between serum IL-2 and TNF-alpha levels among all groups tested [28].
• The incidental finding that reduced motivation was higher in patients with detectable serum levels of IL10 (p = 0.04) disappeared after correction for multiple testing [29].
• All but one of the glucagon-containing tumours were incidental findings at autopsy [30].
• An incidental finding of elevations of serum parathormone was found in as many patients as in the study group as there were elevations of PTHrP [31].
• RESULTS: The number of incidental findings increased from 19 before PACS to 31 during transition and 53, 49, and 50 after PACS implementation, which resulted in a maximum increase of 179% [32].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Incidental Findings

• Controlled clinical trials are indicated to determine if this finding is indicative of a class effect for all GABAergic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), as already noted with vigabatrin, or if this case represents an incidental finding with tiagabine (41 references) [33].
• Metastatic thyroid cancer as an incidental finding during neck dissection: significance and management [34].
• This benign condition most likely is developmental in etiology, and may present early in life as polycystic liver disease, or later when discovered as an incidental finding at laparotomy or autopsy [35].
• CONCLUSION: Presence of a focal colonic FDG uptake incidental finding on a PET/CT scan justifies a colonoscopy to detect (pre-)malignant lesions [36].
• The incidental findings of increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) after uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) prompted us to investigate the incidence and the clinical significance of this phenomenon [37].

References