Disease relevance of Hermaphrodiol

• Androstenediol antagonizes herpes simplex virus type 1-induced encephalitis through the augmentation of type I IFN production [1].
• Androstenediol (1 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) was administrated at the end of resuscitation [2].
• Like ADEK, HAD and OAK could interrupt androgen binding to the AR and suppress both dihydrotestosterone- and androstenediol-induced transactivations of wild-type and mutant ARs in prostate cancer cells [3].
• Androstenediol administration after trauma-hemorrhage attenuates inflammatory response, reduces organ damage, and improves survival following sepsis [4].
• Animals in this late progressive phase of the disease (day 60) were treated with two injections (day 60 and day 90) of 0.1 or 1.0 mg of heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae, or with 3beta, 17beta-androstenediol (AED; 25 microg subcutaneously three times/week), or with both therapies [5].

Psychiatry related information on Hermaphrodiol

• Plasma androstenediol levels increased significantly in the anorexia nervosa patients at 12.00 (P less than 0.001), 14.00 (P less than 0.01) and 16.00 h (P less than 0.01) in response to LH [6].

High impact information on Hermaphrodiol

• Levels of estradiol, estrone, estrone sulfate, testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), and androstenediol were measured by radioimmunoassays in serum collected at the end of each dietary period [7].
• Moreover, ADEK could block an adrenal androgen androstenediol-induced AR transactivation that hydroxyflutamide and bicalutamide failed to block [8].
• CONCLUSION: The androstenediol-mediated salutary effects on cardiac function following T-H appear to be mediated at least in part via PPAR-gamma activation, which down-regulates IL-6 and iNOS gene expression in the heart [2].
• Neither androstenediol nor androstenedione enhanced the adaptations to resistance training compared with placebo for body composition or muscular strength [9].
• Estrone and DHEA are formed by this sulfatase pathway and can be converted to steroids (estradiol and androstenediol, respectively), which have potent estrogenic properties [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Hermaphrodiol

• Although androstenediol (adiol or 5-androstene-3beta,17beta-diol), a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), has protective effects following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H), it remains unknown whether administration of adiol has any salutary effects on the inflammatory response and outcome following a combined insult of T-H and sepsis [4].
• The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that adrenal androgens are contributory to the development of endometrial cancer either by the oestrogenic action of 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol (androstenediol) or through the inhibition of oestradiol metabolism [11].
• Serum concentration of androstenediol and androstenediol sulfate in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism [12].

Biological context of Hermaphrodiol

• Moreover, the decrease in hepatic damage after androstenediol administration is likely related to liver iNOS downregulation [13].
• DHEAS and androstenediol stimulate the growth of MCF-7 cell line but reduce cell proliferation induced by E(2) (1 nM) [14].
• In contrast, 17 alpha androstenediol inhibits proliferation and mediates apoptosis in tumor cells of murine and human origin [15].
• Androstenediol reduces the anti-inflammatory effects of restraint stress during wound healing [16].
• We suggest that the increase in androstenediol and DHA concentrations could be due to an increase in a receptor or binding protein, possibly progesterone dependent, present in secretory phase endometrium [17].

Anatomical context of Hermaphrodiol

• The administration of androstenediol (into the renal artery) and E3 (peripherally) indicated that the diol was not conjugated as readily as E3 [18].
• In conclusion, the parietal cells, which are known as the source of gastric acid secretion, can synthesize testosterone from PROG and androstenediol from PREG [19].
• Increased levels of IFN-gamma in the trigeminal ganglion correlate with protection against HSV-1-induced encephalitis following subcutaneous administration with androstenediol [20].
• Androstenediol and radiation combined caused a marked increase in NK cell CD11b [21].
• CD11b labeling intensity on monocytes was decreased slightly after androstenediol treatment [21].

Associations of Hermaphrodiol with other chemical compounds

• Michaelis constants of the delta-5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme at 37 C and pH 7.4 were 8.2 times 10 minus 7M for dehydroepiandrosterone and 2.9 times 10 minus 6M for androstenediol [22].
• Serum concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenediol remained stable after GDX [23].
• Steroid conversion patterns indicated a particularly increased activity of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17beta-HSD5) in the older men, demonstrated by significantly higher conversion rates of DHEA to androstenediol and of androstenedione to testosterone (all P < 0.05) [24].
• NADPH-dependent 7alpha-hydroxylation was confirmed for 3beta-hydroxysteroids including DHEA and androstenediol, as well as 25-hydroxycholesterol [25].
• The agonists specific for each subtype were 4,4',4''-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)tris-phenol (PPT) (ER alpha agonist), 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN) and Delta 3-diol (5-androsten-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, also known as 5-androstenediol, androstenediol or hermaphrodiol) (ER beta agonists) [26].

Gene context of Hermaphrodiol

• These data suggest that improvement in hepatic perfusion by androstenediol after T-H is likely due to a decrease in endothelin-1 and induction of eNOS [13].
• Estrogen and androgen receptor mediated stimulation and inhibition of proliferation by androst-5-ene-3 beta,17 beta-diol in human mammary cancer cells [27].
• In postmenopausal women, elevated adrenal androgen levels stimulate cell growth by the action of the unique adrenal androgen 5-androstene-3beta,17beta-diol, also termed hermaphrodiol, via its combination with the estrogen receptor in a hormone milieu lacking, or having low concentrations of, the classical estrogen 17beta-estradiol [28].
• DHEA (1 x 10(-5) to 1 x 10(-7) M) did not modify basal GH or prolactin release, and a prolactin inhibitory effect was observed only for androstenediol, a metabolite of DHEA [29].
• Androstenedione and androst-5-ene-3 beta,17 beta-diol stimulate DMBA-induced rat mammary tumors--role of aromatase [30].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Hermaphrodiol

• RESULTS: RT-PCR analysis showed expression of all enzymes required for DHEA conversion toward active androgens and to the immune-stimulatory metabolite androstenediol [24].
• Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), androstenediol sulphate, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), androstenediol and testosterone were estimated by gas-liquid chromatography in blood samples taken every 2 h from 10.00 to 20.00 h [6].
• This is very similar to the changes previously seen after treatment with AED [5].
• Heterologous enzyme immunoassay for serum androstenediol [31].
• Androstenediol-induced restoration of responsiveness to influenza vaccination in mice [32].

References