Disease relevance of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• Accumulation of newly synthesized hyaluronate was estimated from the uptake of [3H]glucosamine into cetylpyridinium chloride-precipitable material that was sensitive to Streptomyces hyaluronidase [1].
• However, whereas the MIC of cetylpyridinium chloride for E. coli is low (0.5 to 4 micrograms/ml), that of KFFKFFKFFK [corrected] is much higher (30 to 100 micrograms/ml) [2].
• Radiosensitization of Serratia marcescens by cetylpyridinium chloride. Evidence for membrane-associated events [3].
• We tested urines of 27 patients with various mucopolysaccharidoses and compared results by three other procedures (cetylpyridinium chloride turbidity tests at pH 4.8 and at pH 7.0, and the uronic acid-carbazole test) [4].
• Polysaccharide was isolated from human spleen mastocytoma by proteolytic digestion, precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride, digestion with chondroitinase ABC, and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose [5].

Psychiatry related information on CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• PURPOSE: Behavioral research was conducted to ascertain the relevance of an alcohol-free, 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) therapeutic mouthrinse to contemporary dental practice over a 6-month usage period [6].

High impact information on CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• A large decrease in total cell-bound and released glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) was observed in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide by measuring incorporation of radiolabeled precursors into cetylpyridinium chloride-precipitable GAGs in Chinese hamster ovary cells [7].
• To expand these investigations further, GAGs were analyzed by cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation and DEAE-Sephacel ion-exchange chromatography after labeling of parental HL-60 cultures with [35S]sulfate and D-[3H]glucosamine for 6 h, following treatment with 1 microM all-trans retinoic acid (RA) [8].
• To resolve the cartilage proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis, it was necessary to remove the proteoglycan aggrecan by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride [9].
• Labeled proteoglycans were isolated from the growth media by centrifugation in either associative or dissociative cesium chloride density gradients in the presence of protease inhibitors or by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride and column chromatography on Sepharose CL-2B [10].
• The material isolated by the cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation was an aggregated proteoglycan (78% aggregate) that was not displaced by exogenous proteoglycan which after reduction and alkylation gave a large proteoglycan monomer (Kav = 0.23 on Sepharose CL-2B) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• All Aeromonas spp. strains were killed by 50 ppm of chlorine, cetylpyridinium chloride and peracetic acid, and by 1600 ppm of glutaraldehyde [11].
• The effects of copper and zinc ions on the rate of killing of Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and fungal yeast Candida albicans by antiseptic agents cetylpyridinium chloride and povidone-iodine (Betadine) were investigated [12].
• Development of resistance to chlorhexidine diacetate and cetylpyridinium chloride in Pseudomonas stutzeri and changes in antibiotic susceptibility [13].
• The effect of a cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) detergent foam compared to a conventional toothpaste on plaque and gingivitis. A single blind crossover study [14].
• Effects of acidified sodium chlorite, cetylpyridinium chloride and hot water on populations of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus on beef [15].

Biological context of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• Use of cetylpyridinium chloride in the decontamination of water for culture of mycobacteria [16].
• IC50 values were determined using an assay which distinguished degraded from undegraded substrate by precipitation of the latter with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) [17].
• Quaternary ammonium surfactants, such as benzalkonium chloride and cetylpyridinium chloride, are commonly used as antibacterial agents for disinfectants and for general environmental sanitation, as well as in surfactants, penetration enhancers and preservatives in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations [18].
• Inactivation kinetics of mushroom tyrosinase by cetylpyridinium chloride [19].
• Acute inhalation toxicity of cetylpyridinium chloride [20].

Anatomical context of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• Isolation and physical characterization of hyaluronic acid prepared from bovine nasal septum by cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation [21].
• Glycosaminoglycan blotting on nitrocellulose membranes treated with cetylpyridinium chloride after agarose-gel electrophoretic separation [22].
• The incorporation of 35SO4 into cetylpyridinium chloride-precipitable GAGs in the cell-associated and the intracellular fractions increased throughout the labeling period, while in the trypsin-soluble glycocalyx and the basal ECM incorporation approached a maximum [23].
• Heparan [35S]sulphate (HS) chains were recovered from adipose tissue, brain, carcase, heart, intestine, kidneys, liver, lungs, skin and spleen by digestion with Pronase, precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride, digestion with chondroitin ABC lyase and DNAase and gradient elution from DEAE-Sephacel [24].
• A method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis utilizing the discontinuous pH-stacking gel format, the cationic detergent cetylpyridinium chloride, and an acidic buffer system has been applied to detection of specific substrates for protein carboxyl methyltransferase (PCM, EC 2.1.1.24) in cytosol fractions of bovine cerebral cortex [25].

Associations of CETYLPYRIDINIUM with other chemical compounds

• The GAGs were precipitated from the media and cell layer with cetylpyridinium chloride and ethanol, separated in 0.1 M Ba acetate by cellulose acetate electrophoresis, visualized by Alcian blue staining and fluorography, and quantitated by scanning densitometry and liquid scintillation counting [26].
• Hyaluronate synthase was isolated from protoblast membranes of streptococci by Triton X-114 extraction and cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation [27].
• Bovine vitreous-humour sodium hyaluronate was purified by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride, CsCl-density-gradient sedimentation and gel-permeation chromatography [28].
• Nitrocellulose membranes were derivatized with the cationic detergent cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and mixtures of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were capillary-blotted after their separation in agarose gel electrophoresis in barium acetate/1,2-diaminopropane [22].
• It was localised to mast cells and appeared to be present in all mast cells staining with Alcian Blue. A tryptic protease was purified 2400-fold from whole lung tissue by high salt extraction, cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation, heparin agarose chromatography, and gel filtration [29].

Gene context of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• Although the predicted CHODL protein shares a significant homology (45% overall and 60% within the CRD) with layilin, a recently identified hyaluronan receptor, we failed to detect a specific interaction between CHODL and hyaluronan using cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation [30].
• Proteoglycan synthesis rates were determined by measurement of 35SO4 incorporation into cetylpyridinium chloride-precipitable glycosaminoglycans after digestion of the scleral samples with proteinase K [31].
• On the other hand, after incubating EGF with 0.5 M NaCl fraction, the angiogenic activity of EGF was identified with the precipitate (GAG fraction) of the cetylpyridinium chloride-treated reaction mixtures [32].
• TGF-beta 1 and [35S]sulfate were added simultaneously to hematopoietically active human marrow cultures, and radiolabeled glycosaminoglycan production was determined by cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation [33].
• Undamaged corneas exposed to tear solutions were examined by transmission electron microscopy after fixation of the mucin layer with cetylpyridinium chloride [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CETYLPYRIDINIUM

• The glycosaminoglycans were labeled by exposure of cell cultures to [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulfate and then isolated from both spent media and cells by pronase digestion and cetylpyridinium chloride fractionation [35].
• The glycopeptides displayed unique properties including precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride, strong binding to anion exchange column, and large apparent size in gel filtration [36].
• Preliminary purification of the proteoglycans was achieved by an initial CsCl isopycnic centrifugation (rho 0 = 1.33) and through precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride in 0.5 M KCl [37].
• Macromolecular material from the surface of these cells was characterized by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation while the associated morphology of cell detachment was studied by phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy [38].
• After exhaustive digestion of the fibrils with papain and Pronase, the GAGs were specifically precipitated with cetylpyridinium chloride and were identified by cellulose acetate electrophoresis and selective susceptibility to specific glycosidases [39].

References