Disease relevance of Oleuropein

• Thgoal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the antioxidant olive constituent, oleuropein, on infarct size, oxidative damage, and the metabolic profile in rabbits subjected to ischemia [1].
• The 52 remaining OVX rats were allocated to 4 groups that received oleuropein at 2.5, 5, 10 or 15mg/kg body weight per day for 100 days [2].
• Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by oleuropein is mediated by hydrogen peroxide [3].
• The reported data provide the first experimental evidence of a direct cardioprotective effect of oleuropein in the acute events that follow coronary occlusion, likely because of its antioxidant properties [4].
• Inhibition of Salmonella enteritidis by oleuropein in broth and in a model food system [5].

High impact information on Oleuropein

• Absolute method for the assay of oleuropein in olive oils by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry [6].
• Noncovalent Interaction Between Amyloid-beta-Peptide (1-40) and Oleuropein Studied by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry [7].
• This study is the first report of the formation of the noncovalent complex between Abeta or its oxidized form and the natural derived antioxidant oleuropein (OE) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) [7].
• Furthermore, in rabbits administered oleuropein, RBC superoxide dismutase activity did not change during ischemia and reperfusion [1].
• Oleuropein decreased the plasma lipid peroxidation product and protein carbonyl concentrations compared with the control groups, in which these factors increased relative to baseline due to ischemia and reperfusion [1].

Chemical compound and disease context of Oleuropein

• This study aimed to evaluate the significance of supplementation of oleuropein in reducing oxidative stress and hyperglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits [8].
• Pretreatment with 20 microg/g oleuropein before ischemia resulted in a significant decrease in creatine kinase and reduced glutathione release in the perfusate [4].
• At necropsy, oleuropein and olive oil consumption had had no effect on plasma osteocalcin concentrations (marker of bone formation) or on urinary deoxypyridinoline excretion (marker of bone resorption) [9].
• A commercial plant extract derived from olive tree leaf (Olea europaea) (LExt) and its major compound, oleuropein (Ole), inhibited the in vitro infectivity of the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), a salmonid rhabdovirus [10].
• Oleuropein, the main glycoside present in olives, and hydroxytyrosol, the principal degradation product of oleuropein present in olive oil, have been linked to reduction of coronary heart disease and certain cancers [11].

Biological context of Oleuropein

• The high (234% of HT administered) excretion of free HT suggests that hydrolysis of oleuropein administered in humans (still an unresolved issue) occurs in vivo [12].
• 1H NMR spectra revealed a different profile of glycolysis metabolites in the oleuropein-treated groups compared with the controls [1].
• Therefore, we decided to investigate the intestinal absorption of one of the major olive oil polyphenolics, oleuropein [13].
• We have investigated the scavenging actions of some olive oil phenolics, namely hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein, with respect to superoxide anion generation, neutrophils respiratory burst, and hypochlorous acid [14].
• Bioactive derivatives from oleuropein by a biotransformation on Olea europaea leaf extracts [15].

Anatomical context of Oleuropein

• Hydroxytyrosol, caffeic acid, oleuropein, and tyrosol (decreasing order of effectiveness) also quenched the chemiluminescence signal due to reactive oxygen species generated by phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated rat leukocytes [16].
• Oleuropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of advanced-grade tumor cell lines in a dose-responsive manner [17].
• Differential effects of oleuropein, a biophenol from Olea europaea, on anionic and zwiterionic phospholipid model membranes [18].
• METHODS: Human whole blood cultures were stimulated with the T cell stimulant concanavalin A for 48 h in the presence of phenolic compounds (vanillic acid, syringic acid, kaempferol, oleuropein and tyrosol) at concentrations up to 10(-4) M [19].
• Oleuropein, the bitter principle of olives, enhances nitric oxide production by mouse macrophages [20].

Associations of Oleuropein with other chemical compounds

• To do this, a novel in situ intestinal perfusion technique was developed, and the absorption of oleuropein was studied under both iso-osmotic and hypotonic luminal conditions [13].
• The antioxidant activity of hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate, oleuropein, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylelenolic acid (3,4-DHPEA-EA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylelenolic acid dialdehyde (3,4-DHPEA-EDA) towards oxidation initiated by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride in a soybean phospholipid liposome system was studied [21].
• The high content of EVOO in tyrosol, hydrotyrosol, and oleuropein and other polyphenolics with radical scavenging abilities toward superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical suggests that olive oil possesses biological properties that could partially account for the observed beneficial health effects of the Mediterranean diet [22].
• Results showed that genistein and oleuropein decreased the chemiluminescence sum from the O(2).(-) generating system, an inhibitory effect that was dependent on their concentration [23].
• The results of the biotransformation at 70 degrees C showed that the main products are hydroxytyrosol, and glucose, being the oleuropein aglycone present in low amount at the end of reaction [24].

Gene context of Oleuropein

• CYP1A2 did not undergo mechanism-based inactivation by oleuropein [25].
• At nutritionally relevant concentrations, only oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and resveratrol, possessing a marked antioxidant activity, reduced monocytoid cell adhesion to stimulated endothelium, as well as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA and protein by Northern analysis and cell surface enzyme immunoassay [26].
• These observations elevate Oleuropein from a non-toxic antioxidant into a potent anti-tumor agent with direct effects against tumor cells [17].
• Also, Western blot analysis of cell homogenates show that oleuropein increases iNOS expression in such cells [20].
• Pro-oxidant Activity of Oleuropein Determined in Vitro by Electron Spin Resonance Spin-Trapping Methodology [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Oleuropein

• CONCLUSIONS: Every dose of oleuropein elicited protective effects on bone mass in this model of ovariectomy associated with inflammation, probably by modulating inflammatory parameters [2].
• Three weeks before necropsy, an inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injections of talc in half of the SH and OVX rats and in all oleuropein-treated animals [2].
• Rapid high-performance liquid chromatography analysis for the quantitative determination of oleuropein in Olea europaea leaves [28].
• The determination of antioxidants was performed using HPLC, and the K(p) was estimated to be from as low as 0.0006 for oleuropein to a maximum of 1.5 for 3,4-DHPEA-EA (di-hydroxy-phenyl-ethanol-elenolic acid, oleuropein aglycon) [29].
• The proposed bioreactor could also find application in the utilization of olive mill waste waters (OMWW), medium rich in large amounts of oleuropein, which can be converted in pharmacologically active compounds [30].

References