Disease relevance of Large

• Finally, the causative gene in the myodystrophy (myd) mouse is a putative bifunctional glycosyltransferase (Large) [1].
• The Large mutants are excellent models for addressing the importance of glycosylation in neuromuscular disease [2].
• A new recessive mutation, myd, causing a diffuse and progressive myopathy in the mouse is described [3].
• Suppression of Gastric Acid Production by Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment Facilitates Colonization of the Large Intestine by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clindamycin-Treated Mice [4].
• The Expression of CD30 in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Is Regulated by Nucleophosmin-Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Mediated JunB Level in a Cell Type-Specific Manner [5].

High impact information on Large

• Here we show that the gene mutated in myd encodes a glycosyltransferase, Large. The human homolog of this gene (LARGE) maps to chromosome 22q [6].
• Myogenin and MyoD thus form part of a gene family regulating myogenesis, and together with myd may constitute a set of factors that interact to regulate the determination and differentiation of muscle cells [7].
• We conclude that there is a simple genetic basis for myogenic determination and that a single gene, myd, converts 10T1/2 cells to a myoblast lineage [8].
• Allorestricted cytotoxic T cells. Large numbers of allo-H-2Kb-restricted antihapten and antiviral cytotoxic T cell populations clonally develop in vitro from murine splenic precursor T cells [9].
• RESULTS: Large (1.0-cm diameter) tumors had approximately 10-fold more survivin than small (0.2-cm diameter) tumors [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Large

• 1. Large doses (50 or 100 mg/kg p.o.) of SUN 1165 as well as mexiletine had little effects on the pilocarpine-induced hypersalivation and the pupil size in mice [11].

Biological context of Large

• To identify features of the glycan epitopes induced by Large, the production of functionally glycosylated alpha-DG was investigated in several CHO glycosylation mutants [12].
• Another Large mouse mutant, enervated (Large(enr)), is the result of a transgene integration event that disrupts Large gene expression [2].
• Using a positional cloning approach, we identified the causative mutation in myd as a deletion within the Large gene, which encodes a putative glycosyltransferase with two predicted catalytic domains [13].
• We now present evidence extending these observations, using cultured oligodendrocytes that carry both the shiverer mutation and the Mbp1 transgene which partially corrects their deficit [14].
• A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for the BLAc size is located on chromosome (Chr) 8 near the Large gene [15].

Anatomical context of Large

• Overexpression of full-length mouse Large generated functionally glycosylated alpha-DG in Pro(-5) Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and the amount was increased by co-expression of protein:O-mannosyl N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 [12].
• Disruption of the mouse Large gene in the enr and myd mutants results in nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction defects [16].
• The Ca-dependent ATPase activities of myodystrophic control and myd/myd SR membranes are increased approximately threefold by the addition of Triton [17].
• Histopathological comparisons with normal littermates showed widely distributed focal lesions in all skeletal muscles of myd/myd [3].
• Killing of Normal Melanocytes, Combined with Heat Shock Protein 70 and CD40L Expression, Cures Large Established Melanomas [18].

Associations of Large with chemical compounds

• Activation of NFATc3 Down-regulates the beta1 Subunit of Large Conductance, Calcium-activated K+ Channels in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Contributes to Hypertension [19].
• 3. Large m.e.p.p.s appear to be due to an increase in muscle fibre input resistance and to the quantal release of abnormally large amounts of acetylcholine from motor nerve terminals [20].
• 4 Large doses of (-)-amphetamine were without effect, demonstrating that the long-lasting impairment of transmitter uptake-storage mechanism in striatal dopamine nerve terminals is selective for (+)-amphetamine [21].
• (d) Large N-terminal alkane substituents added to 3,4,3-LICAM(C) increased ligand lipophilicity, hindered Pu chelation, and delayed excretion [22].
• CONCLUSIONS: Large tumour volume and corresponding delay in castration reduced the time to androgen-independent tumour recurrence and survival [23].

Regulatory relationships of Large

• Shiverer oligodendrocytes that carry one dose of the Mbp1 transgene abnormally express MBP along major cytoskeletal vein-like structures in processes and sheets [14].

Other interactions of Large

• These results demonstrate that the Large glycosyltransferase but not dystrophin is required for normal basilar pontine development [24].
• Shiverer oligodendrocytes that carry two doses of the Mbp1 transgene contain two types of membrane sheet regions, i.e. regions filled with aberrant punctate foci of MBP, and regions with normal domains of MBP [14].
• CONCLUSIONS: Large variations in hepatic bile salt flux have minor effects on expression of murine Ntcp and Bsep in vivo, suggesting that these transporters are abundantly expressed and able to accommodate a wide range of 'physiological' bile salt fluxes [25].
• Heritabilities for the three traits were estimated to be 0.47 for leptin, 0.46 for HDL-TG, and 0.46 for Large HDL-apo A-I [26].
• We have developed four new mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines from the C3(1)/SV40 Large T-antigen (Tag) transgenic mouse model: M28N2 and M27H4 (weakly tumorigenic), M6 (carcinoma), and M6C (metastatic) [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Large

• Mutation of Large, which encodes a putative glycosyltransferase, in an animal model of muscular dystrophy [13].
• In this study, we used gamma scintigraphy to explore the sites and kinetics of clearance of soluble IC comprising 123I-labeled hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg):porcine anti-HBsAg in the Large White pig [28].
• We show via confocal microscopy that CASK and another MAGUK, Discs Large (Dlg), are present at the mammalian neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle [29].
• Coat colors of four chimeric pigs produced by the microinjection of dissociated blastomeres of (Landrace x Large White) blastocysts to the blastocyst cavity of Duroc x Duroc) blastocysts (Kashiwazaki et al., 1992) exhibited characteristic horizontal stripe-patterns [30].
• The digestion of "cluster" polymerase chain reaction DNA (1,225 bp) amplification products with restriction enzymes AseI and SspI gave mycoplasma species-specific patterns for all strains of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides Large Colony, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, and bovine group 7 tested [31].

References