Disease relevance of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• Of the 52 patients randomized to ODO, 22 (42%) had recurrent syncope within 6 months compared with 16 (33%) of 48 patients in the DDD group [1].
• In contrast, pertussis toxin-sensitive B cell sticking does not require SLC or MIP-3beta signaling, and occurs efficiently in SLC(low/-) HEV segments in wild-type mice, and in the SLC-negative HEVs of DDD/1 mice [2].
• The development of erythroleukemia was suppressed under the genetic background of C57B1/6 mouse (resistant to F-MuLV; Fv-2rr), and required additional events even under the background of DDD mouse (susceptible to F-MuLV; Fv-2ss) [3].
• Patients with DDD pacemakers who have intact retrograde conduction are known to be at risk of developing ventricular and "endless loop" tachycardia [4].
• BACKGROUND: We previously reported that 6 to 12 weeks of dual-chamber (DDD) pacing results in clinical and hemodynamic improvement in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) [5].

Psychiatry related information on Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• Although changes in PWA during physical activities are known to occur in DDD/R pacing, there is little information on the P wave stability in single pass lead VDD/R pacemakers using floating P wave sensing [6].
• RESULTS: A fracture risk reduction was seen in women aged>or=50 years using >or=0.3 DDD/day [7].
• A questionnaire with regard to cardiovascular symptoms, sleep disturbances, cognitive functioning, physical ability, social interaction, emotional functioning, and self-perceived health was completed after 2 months of atrial synchronous (DDD) and rate modulated ventricular pacing (VVI,R), respectively [8].
• Pacing in the DDD mode temporarily assists the critical period preceding the onset of cerebral autoregulation that plays a key role in preventing the deleterious effects of vasodepression [9].
• Significant improvement in the mean total quality-of-life score (20.5 +/- 14.9 vs 34.8 +/- 17.4) as well as in dyspnea on effort, dizzy spells, palpitation, sweating, fatigue, lethargy, emotional functioning, and self-perceived health was observed during DDD compared to VVIR pacing [10].

High impact information on Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• The increase in the number of reports of abnormalities in male sex development in wildlife and humans coincided with the introduction of 'oestrogenic' chemicals such as DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) into the environment [11].
• The relative risk reduction in time to syncope with DDD pacing was 30% (95% CI, -33% to 63%; 1-sided P =.14) [1].
• One strain tested, DDD (KsIsD?) is HSF sensitive but does not develop EAE (presumably because it lacks the appropriate responder H-2 haplotype) [12].
• Mammary tumors of line TPDMT-4, established in DDD mice, were characterized by growth during pregnancy and regression after parturition; this resulted in higher growth peaks in subsequent pregnancies in breeders and no growth in virgins [13].
• We assessed the effects of changing the atrioventricular interval during temporary or permanent dual-chamber DDD pacing in twelve dilated cardiomyopathy patients with short ventricular filling times due to regurgitation [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• These results do not support an association between adipose tissue levels of DDE and DDT and breast cancer risk [15].
• Seven transplantable leukemia lines were established from spontaneous leukemias and screened for 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) sensitivity in DDD mice [16].
• OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of adding propafenone to atrial overdrive for the prevention of atrial arrhythmia episodes in patients with DDD pacemakers [17].
• Metabolic and mutagenicity studies on DDT and 15 derivatives. Detection of 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane and 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethyl acetate (kelthane acetate) as mutagens in Salmonella typhimurium and of 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene oxide, a likely metabolite, as an alkylating agent [18].
• METHODS: 11 patients with various cardiac diseases and stable AV conduction received a QT sensing Diamond, Vitatron, DDD pacemaker [19].

Biological context of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• In the DDD mode, heart rate increased by 16 beats per minute and cardiac output by 1.1 L/min, with a resultant 25 mm Hg increase in mean arterial pressure at 5 minutes with no change in the stroke volume or systemic vascular resistance [20].
• The kdr insecticide resistance trait in the house fly, Musca domestica, confers resistance to the rapid paralysis (knockdown) and lethal effects of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and pyrethroids [21].
• Previously, we have shown a mutant mouse DDD/1 with T-cell-specific homing defect that is regulated by an autosomal recessive gene, plt (paucity of lymph node T cells), and seems to be caused by lymph node (LN) stromal cells [22].
• At an average AV delay of > or = 200 ms, the cardiac output in the DDD and VVI pacing modes was similar [23].
• Subjects who preferred the DDDR mode and those who found the VVIR mode least acceptable had significantly greater increases in stroke volume when paced in the DDD mode than in the ventricular-inhibited (VVI) mode at rest (22%) when compared with subjects who preferred other modes (2%, p = 0.03) [24].

Anatomical context of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• Peptide analogues that include a TDE sequence from the disintegrin region of fertilin beta are able to bind to the egg plasma membrane and strongly inhibit sperm-egg fusion [25].
• Furthermore, DDD/1 athymic recipients developed signs of acute EAE by the adoptive transfer of I-A-compatible syngeneic and allogeneic T cell clones, in which there was no significant difference in time of onset, maximum severity, or prognosis [26].
• DDD mice carrying hyperplastic mtv-2+ LN grafts or pretreated with mtv-2+ spleen cells developed an unresponsive state in terms of influx of mtv-2- lymphoid cells into mtv-2+ LN grafts [27].
• The antitumor activity of Meth A-hyperimmunized BALB/c mouse spleen cells (Meth A-Im-SPL) was assayed by the Winn test in H-2 incompatible bone marrow chimeras in closed colony CD-1 (nu/nu), inbred DDD/1(nu/nu) (H-2s), or inbred BALB/c(nu/nu) (H-2d) mice as recipients [28].
• Termination of ventricular tachycardia by chest wall stimulation during DDD pacing. A report of two cases [29].

Associations of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane with other chemical compounds

• TPDMT-4 mammary tumors, characterized by growth during pregnancy and regression after delivery, show continued growth in female DDD mice carrying pituitary isografts ectopically or a s.c. 17 beta-estradiol-plus-progesterone pellet [30].
• Pregnancy-dependent TPDMT-4 mammary tumors, characterized by requiring estrogen, progesterone, and pituitary hormones for growth, grew continuously in female DDD mice carrying pituitary isografts [31].
• BACKGROUND: Basic health indicators, such as body mass index (BMI), have been associated with serum 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane/1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDT/DDE) levels; however, both positive and inverse associations of BMI with serum DDT/DDE have been reported [32].
• Tissue levels of DDE and DDT were measured using gas chromatography [15].
• The mechanism of the stimulation is not understood, but thiols do not promote the formation of DDD by preventing the alkylation of microsomal lipids and, thereby, stimulating the formation of a reduced alkane [33].

Gene context of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• And interestingly, Fringe domain in CHSY1 has this DDD motif [34].
• CHSY1 contains a Fringe domain, and Fringe is well known for its regulation of Notch signaling via its DDD motif [34].
• Nonspecific augmentation of lymph node T cells and I-E-independent selective deletion of V beta 14+ T cells by Mtv-2 in the DDD mouse [35].
• Isolation and characterization of a genomic DDD mouse interleukin-3 gene [36].
• Much is now known about the structure and expression of the PrP gene, but the physiological function of the PrP protein and the mechanism by which the TDE pathogen replicates and specifically interferes with PrP metabolism remain a mystery--a mystery which will entertain prion-ophiliacs for some time yet [37].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

• For EF determination, TDE algorithms (especially those using multiple planes of section) were superior to unidimensional algorithms commonly used with M-mode echocardiography [38].
• Five different algorithms for determining left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and volumes from two-dimensional echocardiographic examination (TDE) were compared with standard methods for obtaining EF and volume from x-ray cineangiography (cine) and EF from radionuclide ventriculography (RVG) in 35 patients [38].
• By site-directed mutagenesis, we determined that the acidic motif of DDD, which is conserved between the C family of glycosyltransferases, is essential for the enzymatic activity of KfiA [39].
• BACKGROUND: In the treatment of HOCM, surgical myectomy and DDD pacemaker therapy are considered the standard procedural extensions to drug therapy with negatively inotropic drugs [40].
• Eleven patients with a DDD pacemaker were evaluated by impedance cardiography [23].

References